Paper · 2005

Effect of organic and inorganic fertilizers on yields and nitrate accumulation of vegetables

Yusheng Qin; Tu ShiHua; Feng WenQiang; et al.

10
claims
20
verbatim quotes
2
citations
2
research areas
—
Not open access

Abstract

Nuisance free vegetable production is a focal topic that has drawn great attention from the Chinese government and the community recently. A great number of people take it for granted that only using organic fertilizers without chemical fertilizers is able to produce the nuisance free vegetables. Therefore, it need more research from different directions to provide scientific evidence to clarify this conception. Radish and garlic were used as the target vegetables to study the (effects) of organic and inorganic fertilizer on nitrate accumulation in the vegetables. Results showed that the significant yield differences of those two vegetables between these three organic fertilizer treatments which had identical N rate, indicated a strong suitability of different organic fertilizers to different vegetables. Nitrate content in the two vegetables was remarkably higher in the early growing stage. Nitrate content in the vegetable applied organic fertilizer only was not always lower than that using inorganic one. Rationally applying, no matter the organic or inorganic fertilizer, was essential to produce low-nitrate bearing vegetable. Rational application of organic fertilizer incorporated with the inorganic could not only improve yield but also reduce nitrate accumulation in the vegetable.

Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record, shown for indexing and research. Copyright remains with the authors or the publisher.

The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 10

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmixedsignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Radish yield differed significantly among three organic fertilizer treatments with identical N rates.

Treatment
three organic fertilizer treatmentse1
Outcome
yielde1
Comparator
identical N ratee1

Not reportedDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Raphanus sativus
Raphanus sativus · TaxonSelf, en:User:Jengod · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Radish and garlic were used as the target vegetables”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 416–468 · show in text ↑
e1

“significant yield differences of those two vegetables between these three organic fertilizer treatments which had identical N rate”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 595–725 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Radish nitrate content was higher at the early growing stage.

Organ / stage
early growing stagee2
Outcome
Nitrate contente2
Direction
highere2

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Raphanus sativus
Raphanus sativus · TaxonSelf, en:User:Jengod · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Radish and garlic were used as the target vegetables”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 416–468 · show in text ↑
e2

“Nitrate content in the two vegetables was remarkably higher in the early growing stage.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 816–903 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmixedmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Radish nitrate content under organic fertilizer alone was not consistently below inorganic fertilizer.

Treatment
organic fertilizer onlye3
Outcome
Nitrate contente3
Direction
not always lowere3
Comparator
inorganic onee3

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Raphanus sativus
Raphanus sativus · TaxonSelf, en:User:Jengod · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Radish and garlic were used as the target vegetables”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 416–468 · show in text ↑
e3

“Nitrate content in the vegetable applied organic fertilizer only was not always lower than that using inorganic one.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 904–1020 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectauthor interpretationoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Radish yield could improve with rational combined organic and inorganic fertilizer use.

Treatment
organic fertilizer incorporated with the inorganice4
Outcome
yielde4
Direction
improvee4

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Raphanus sativus
Raphanus sativus · TaxonSelf, en:User:Jengod · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Radish and garlic were used as the target vegetables”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 416–468 · show in text ↑
e4

“Rational application of organic fertilizer incorporated with the inorganic could not only improve yield but also reduce nitrate accumulation in the vegetable.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1145–1303 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectauthor interpretationoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Radish nitrate accumulation could fall with rational combined organic and inorganic fertilizer use.

Treatment
organic fertilizer incorporated with the inorganice4
Outcome
nitrate accumulatione4
Direction
reducee4

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Raphanus sativus
Raphanus sativus · TaxonSelf, en:User:Jengod · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Radish and garlic were used as the target vegetables”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 416–468 · show in text ↑
e4

“Rational application of organic fertilizer incorporated with the inorganic could not only improve yield but also reduce nitrate accumulation in the vegetable.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1145–1303 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmixedsignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

garlic yield differed significantly among three organic fertilizer treatments with identical N rates.

Taxon
garlicAllium sativume0
Treatment
three organic fertilizer treatmentse1
Outcome
yielde1
Comparator
identical N ratee1

Not reportedDirection

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Allium sativum
Allium sativum · TaxonIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Radish and garlic were used as the target vegetables”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 416–468 · show in text ↑
e1

“significant yield differences of those two vegetables between these three organic fertilizer treatments which had identical N rate”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 595–725 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

garlic nitrate content was higher at the early growing stage.

Taxon
garlicAllium sativume0
Organ / stage
early growing stagee2
Outcome
Nitrate contente2
Direction
highere2

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Allium sativum
Allium sativum · TaxonIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Radish and garlic were used as the target vegetables”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 416–468 · show in text ↑
e2

“Nitrate content in the two vegetables was remarkably higher in the early growing stage.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 816–903 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultmixedmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

garlic nitrate content under organic fertilizer alone was not consistently below inorganic fertilizer.

Taxon
garlicAllium sativume0
Treatment
organic fertilizer onlye3
Outcome
Nitrate contente3
Direction
not always lowere3
Comparator
inorganic onee3

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Allium sativum
Allium sativum · TaxonIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Radish and garlic were used as the target vegetables”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 416–468 · show in text ↑
e3

“Nitrate content in the vegetable applied organic fertilizer only was not always lower than that using inorganic one.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 904–1020 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectauthor interpretationoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

garlic yield could improve with rational combined organic and inorganic fertilizer use.

Taxon
garlicAllium sativume0
Treatment
organic fertilizer incorporated with the inorganice4
Outcome
yielde4
Direction
improvee4

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Allium sativum
Allium sativum · TaxonIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Radish and garlic were used as the target vegetables”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 416–468 · show in text ↑
e4

“Rational application of organic fertilizer incorporated with the inorganic could not only improve yield but also reduce nitrate accumulation in the vegetable.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1145–1303 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectauthor interpretationoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

garlic nitrate accumulation could fall with rational combined organic and inorganic fertilizer use.

Taxon
garlicAllium sativume0
Treatment
organic fertilizer incorporated with the inorganice4
Outcome
nitrate accumulatione4
Direction
reducee4

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Allium sativum
Allium sativum · TaxonIvar Leidus · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“Radish and garlic were used as the target vegetables”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 416–468 · show in text ↑
e4

“Rational application of organic fertilizer incorporated with the inorganic could not only improve yield but also reduce nitrate accumulation in the vegetable.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1145–1303 · show in text ↑

fertilization · yield · Raphanus sativus (radish)Results differ

112 papers: 107 positive, 5 negative or no effect

106 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. no effect
  2. no effect
  3. negative

108 papers more in this group

See all 112 papers →

fertilization · yield · Allium sativum (garlic)Results differ

166 papers: 155 positive, 11 negative or no effect

154 papers in the same direction as this paper · 11 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. negative
  3. negative

162 papers more in this group

See all 166 papers →

fertilization · nutrient: content · Raphanus sativus (radish)Positive and negative results

25 papers: 22 positive, 3 negative or no effect

21 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
  2. negative
  3. no effect

21 papers more in this group

See all 25 papers →

fertilization · nutrient: content · Allium sativum (garlic)Results agree

37 papers: 37 positive, 0 negative or no effect

36 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
  3. positive

33 papers more in this group

See all 37 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.