Abstract
soil as ammonium sulfate or farmyard cattle manure. The soil fractions at different distances from the root were sliced millimeter by millimeter in the rhizobox system. We assessed the distribution of different forms of N and microbial metabolism in different soil fractions in the rhizosphere. There are no treatment-dependent changes in biomass production in the roots and shoots of soybeans, however, the ammonium and manure treatment yielded 1.30 and 1.40 times higher shoot biomass of sorghum than the control. Moreover, the depletion of inorganic N and total amino acids (TAA) in the rhizosphere was largely undetectable at various distances from the soybean roots regardless of the treatments employed. The addition of ammonium sulfate resulted in a decrease in the nitrate concentration gradient as the distance decreased from the sorghum roots. The addition of manure to the soil increased the N content in the sorghum shoots, 1.57 times higher than the control; this increase was negatively correlated with the concentrations of TAA in the soil of the root compartment. In addition, the application of manure simultaneously induced TAA depletion (i.e., the TAA concentration in root compartment was 1.48 times higher than that in bulk soil) and greater microbial activity and diversity in the sorghum rhizosphere, where higher microbial consumption of asparagine, glutamic acid, and phenylalanine were also observed near the roots. Our results are first to present the evidence that sorghum may possess a high capacity for taking up amino acids as a consequence of organic matter application, and microbial metabolism.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Treatments did not change soybean root and shoot biomass.
- Taxon
- soybeans
Glycine maxe0 - Treatment
- treatmente0
- Outcome
- biomass production in the roots and shootse0
- Direction
- no treatment-dependent changese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“There are no treatment-dependent changes in biomass production in the roots and shoots of soybeans”
Claim · model-written summary
Ammonium raised sorghum shoot biomass 1.30 times over control.
SorghumOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the ammonium and manure treatment yielded 1.30 and 1.40 times higher shoot biomass of sorghum than the control.”
Claim · model-written summary
Manure raised sorghum shoot biomass 1.40 times over control.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the ammonium and manure treatment yielded 1.30 and 1.40 times higher shoot biomass of sorghum than the control.”
Claim · model-written summary
Soybean rhizosphere inorganic nitrogen and amino acid depletion was largely undetectable.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Outcome
- depletion of inorganic N and total amino acids (TAA) in the rhizospheree0
- Direction
- largely undetectablee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the depletion of inorganic N and total amino acids (TAA) in the rhizosphere was largely undetectable at various distances from the soybean roots regardless of the treatments employed.”
Claim · model-written summary
Ammonium sulfate decreased the nitrate gradient toward sorghum roots.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The addition of ammonium sulfate resulted in a decrease in the nitrate concentration gradient as the distance decreased from the sorghum roots.”
Claim · model-written summary
Manure increased sorghum shoot N content 1.57 times over control.
- Treatment
- manuree0
- Outcome
- N content in the sorghum shootse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 1.57 timese0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The addition of manure to the soil increased the N content in the sorghum shoots, 1.57 times higher than the control”
Claim · model-written summary
Sorghum shoot N increase was negatively correlated with root-compartment soil amino acids.
- Organ / stage
- roote0
- Outcome
- concentrations of TAA in the soil of the root compartmente0
- Direction
- negatively correlatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“this increase was negatively correlated with the concentrations of TAA in the soil of the root compartment.”
t0“Soybean and Sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
Manure was reported to induce TAA depletion in the sorghum rhizosphere.
- Treatment
- manuree0
- Outcome
- TAA concentration in root compartmente0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 1.48 timese0
- Comparator
- bulk soile0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the application of manure simultaneously induced TAA depletion (i.e., the TAA concentration in root compartment was 1.48 times higher than that in bulk soil)”
t0“Soybean and Sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
Manure increased microbial activity and diversity in the sorghum rhizosphere.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the application of manure simultaneously induced TAA depletion (i.e., the TAA concentration in root compartment was 1.48 times higher than that in bulk soil) and greater microbial activity and diversity in the sorghum rhizosphere”
Claim · model-written summary
Microbial consumption of three amino acids was higher near sorghum roots.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“higher microbial consumption of asparagine, glutamic acid, and phenylalanine were also observed near the roots.”
t0“Soybean and Sorghum”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors infer sorghum may have high amino-acid uptake capacity after organic matter application.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“sorghum may possess a high capacity for taking up amino acids as a consequence of organic matter application, and microbial metabolism.”
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See all 118 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.