Abstract
Common bean is an important source of protein, fat, carbohydrate, vitamins and minerals for both human beings and livestock. In Zambia, common bean is produced mostly by smallholder farmers whose current yields fall far short of the potential 2 t/ha due to various challenges. Among the biophysical constraints, poor soil fertility and acidity pose the greatest challenges. This study investigated the individual and dual inoculation of Rhizobia and Trichoderma to common bean in a phosphorus deficient, acid soil. Soil in which the common bean was grown was characterized for selected chemical properties before planting and at harvest using standard laboratory procedures. Soils were amended with nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer at the rates of 100 kg N and 80 kg P2O5 per ha; 1 g/kg of seed of Trichoderma harzianum; 100 g/kg of seed of Rhizobium tropici; or a combination of both at the recommended rates at planting. Nodulation and nodule effectiveness were determined at 51 days after planting. Nitrogen and phosphorus accumulation in the above ground biomass, biomass and grain yields were determined at maturity. To determine differences among soil amendments, data were analysed using Analysis of Variance and Least Significant Difference at 95% confidence limit. Relationships among parameters were determined using correlation analysis. The results showed that amending soils with inorganic N at high rates can depress nodulation even in the presence of high levels of inorganic phosphorus. Inoculating common bean with Rhizobia and Trichoderma either singly or in combination increases nodule number and effectiveness per plant but may not result in higher nitrogen and phosphorus accumulation, or in an increase in subsequent biomass or grain yields. The low phosphorus accumulation in Trichoderma inoculated plants observed in this study needs to be investigated further by studying the extent of colonization and the accompanying changes in root volume.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
High inorganic nitrogen depressed common bean nodulation even with high phosphorus.
- Taxon
- common bean
Phaseolus vulgarist0 - Treatment
- inorganic N at high ratese0
- Outcome
- nodulatione0
- Direction
- depresse0
- Qualifier
- even in the presence of high levels of inorganic phosphoruse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“amending soils with inorganic N at high rates can depress nodulation even in the presence of high levels of inorganic phosphorus”
t0“Common Bean”
Claim · model-written summary
Rhizobia inoculation increased nodule number and effectiveness per common bean plant.
- Taxon
- common beanPhaseolus vulgarise0
- Treatment
- Inoculating common bean with Rhizobiae0
- Interactor
- Rhizobiae0symbiont
- Outcome
- nodule number and effectiveness per plante0
- Direction
- increasese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Inoculating common bean with Rhizobia and Trichoderma either singly or in combination increases nodule number and effectiveness per plant”
Claim · model-written summary
Trichoderma inoculation increased nodule number and effectiveness per common bean plant.
- Taxon
- common beanPhaseolus vulgarise0
- Treatment
- Trichodermae0
- Interactor
- Trichoderma
Trichodermae0symbiont - Outcome
- nodule number and effectiveness per plante0
- Direction
- increasese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Inoculating common bean with Rhizobia and Trichoderma either singly or in combination increases nodule number and effectiveness per plant”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined Rhizobia and Trichoderma inoculation increased nodule number and effectiveness.
- Taxon
- common beanPhaseolus vulgarise0
- Treatment
- Rhizobia and Trichodermae0
- Interactor
- Rhizobiae0symbiont
- Second interactor
- TrichodermaTrichodermae0symbiont
- Outcome
- nodule number and effectiveness per plante0
- Direction
- increasese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Inoculating common bean with Rhizobia and Trichoderma either singly or in combination increases nodule number and effectiveness per plant”
Claim · model-written summary
Microbial inoculation may not increase common bean nitrogen and phosphorus accumulation.
- Taxon
- Common BeanPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- Rhizobia and Trichodermat0
- Interactor
- Rhizobiat0symbiont
- Second interactor
- TrichodermaTrichodermat0symbiont
- Outcome
- nitrogen and phosphorus accumulatione0
- Direction
- may not result in highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“may not result in higher nitrogen and phosphorus accumulation, or in an increase in subsequent biomass or grain yields”
t0“Common Bean Inoculated with Rhizobia and Trichoderma”
Claim · model-written summary
Microbial inoculation may not increase common bean biomass or grain yield.
- Taxon
- Common BeanPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- Rhizobia and Trichodermat0
- Interactor
- Rhizobiat0symbiont
- Second interactor
- TrichodermaTrichodermat0symbiont
- Outcome
- biomass or grain yieldse0
- Direction
- may not result in highere0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“may not result in higher nitrogen and phosphorus accumulation, or in an increase in subsequent biomass or grain yields”
t0“Common Bean Inoculated with Rhizobia and Trichoderma”
Claim · model-written summary
Trichoderma-inoculated plants showed low phosphorus accumulation.
- Taxon
- common beanPhaseolus vulgarist0
- Treatment
- Trichoderma inoculatede0
- Interactor
- TrichodermaTrichodermae0symbiont
- Outcome
- phosphorus accumulatione0
- Direction
- lowe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The low phosphorus accumulation in Trichoderma inoculated plants observed in this study”
t0“Common Bean”
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