Abstract
Concerns about nanoparticles environmental pollution risk have been increased globally due to an increase in the production of nanoparticles in recent years and their use in diverse cases. The purpose of this experiment was to study the alleviation effect of humic acid on nanoparticles toxicity in greenhouse conditions. Thus two separate experiments were conducted at the rosette growing stages of rapeseed in a factorial experiment as a completely randomized design with three replications. The first factor was copper and zinc oxide nanoparticle in five concentrations of 0, 500, 1000, 1500, 2000 mg.L-1 in each of experiments and the second factor was humic acid in two concentrations of 0 and 100 mg.L-1 in both experiments. The results showed that simultaneously application of humic acid and the nanoparticles resulted in increasing of chlorophyll, protein contents, and antioxidants enzymes activity. For example, the maximum activity of catalase was 170.72 and 296.82 µmol.min-1.mg-1 proteins when CuO nanoparticle was utilized alone and together with humic acid respectively. Also increasing the concentration of CuO nanoparticle reduced protein content from 2.44 to 1.88 (mg.gr-1 Fresh leaf weight), while its range was 2.86 and 2.49 (mg.gr-1 Fresh leaf weight) when adding the humic acid. Transmission electron microscopy images of root tissue confirm the decreasing of nanoparticles entrance to plant cell and tissue by humic acid. In general, application of humic acid alleviated the nanoparticles toxicity, due to the high adsorption capacity that is able to get out the metals from plants or like-hormonal activity probably.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Simultaneous humic acid and nanoparticle application increased rapeseed chlorophyll and protein contents.
- Taxon
- rapeseedt0
- Treatment
- application of humic acid and the nanoparticlese0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll, protein contentse0
- Direction
- increasinge0
- Setting
- greenhouse conditionse1
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“simultaneously application of humic acid and the nanoparticles resulted in increasing of chlorophyll, protein contents, and antioxidants enzymes activity”
t0“rapeseed (Brassica napus)”
e1“in greenhouse conditions”
Claim · model-written summary
Simultaneous humic acid and nanoparticle application increased antioxidant enzyme activity in rapeseed.
- Taxon
- rapeseedt0
- Treatment
- application of humic acid and the nanoparticlese0
- Outcome
- antioxidants enzymes activitye0
- Direction
- increasinge0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“simultaneously application of humic acid and the nanoparticles resulted in increasing of chlorophyll, protein contents, and antioxidants enzymes activity”
t0“rapeseed (Brassica napus)”
Claim · model-written summary
Maximum catalase activity under CuO alone was 170.72 µmol.min-1.mg-1 proteins.
Verbatim
e0“the maximum activity of catalase was 170.72 and 296.82 µmol.min-1.mg-1 proteins when CuO nanoparticle was utilized alone and together with humic acid respectively.”
t0“rapeseed (Brassica napus)”
Claim · model-written summary
Maximum catalase activity under CuO with humic acid was 296.82 µmol.min-1.mg-1 proteins.
Verbatim
e0“the maximum activity of catalase was 170.72 and 296.82 µmol.min-1.mg-1 proteins when CuO nanoparticle was utilized alone and together with humic acid respectively.”
t0“rapeseed (Brassica napus)”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing CuO concentration reduced rapeseed protein content from 2.44 to 1.88 mg.gr-1 Fresh leaf weight.
- Taxon
- rapeseedt0
- Treatment
- increasing the concentration of CuO nanoparticlee0
- Outcome
- protein contente0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 2.44 to 1.88 (mg.gr-1 Fresh leaf weight)e0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“increasing the concentration of CuO nanoparticle reduced protein content from 2.44 to 1.88 (mg.gr-1 Fresh leaf weight)”
t0“rapeseed (Brassica napus)”
Claim · model-written summary
With humic acid, protein content ranged from 2.86 to 2.49 mg.gr-1 Fresh leaf weight as CuO concentration increased.
- Taxon
- rapeseedt0
- Treatment
- increasing the concentration of CuO nanoparticlee0
- Outcome
- protein contente0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 2.86 and 2.49 (mg.gr-1 Fresh leaf weight)e0
- Qualifier
- when adding the humic acide0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“increasing the concentration of CuO nanoparticle reduced protein content from 2.44 to 1.88 (mg.gr-1 Fresh leaf weight), while its range was 2.86 and 2.49 (mg.gr-1 Fresh leaf weight) when adding the humic acid.”
t0“rapeseed (Brassica napus)”
Claim · model-written summary
Humic acid decreased nanoparticle entry into rapeseed cells and root tissue, as confirmed by transmission electron microscopy.
- Taxon
- rapeseedt0
- Organ / stage
- root tissuee0
- Treatment
- humic acide0
- Outcome
- nanoparticles entrance to plant cell and tissuee0
- Direction
- decreasinge0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“Transmission electron microscopy images of root tissue confirm the decreasing of nanoparticles entrance to plant cell and tissue by humic acid.”
t0“rapeseed (Brassica napus)”
Claim · model-written summary
Humic acid alleviated nanoparticle toxicity in rapeseed.
- Taxon
- rapeseedt0
- Treatment
- application of humic acide0
- Outcome
- nanoparticles toxicitye0
- Direction
- alleviatede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“application of humic acid alleviated the nanoparticles toxicity”
t0“rapeseed (Brassica napus)”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors propose that humic acid alleviates nanoparticle toxicity through high adsorption capacity removing metals or probable hormone-like activity.
Verbatim
e0“application of humic acid alleviated the nanoparticles toxicity, due to the high adsorption capacity that is able to get out the metals from plants or like-hormonal activity probably.”
t0“rapeseed (Brassica napus)”
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