Abstract
Two field experiments were carried out at Sakha Agricultural Research Station, Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate, North Middle Nile Delta region during the two successive winter growing seasons of 2008/2009 and 2009/2010. The main objective of the study was to decrease the amount of nitrogenous fertilizers by using the fixed nitrogen bacteria and microbial inoculants and their effects on wheat productivity under two surface irrigation methods. Also, this work aims at comparing the two surface irrigation methods for wheat irrigation, identification the best irrigation method for both wheat and rationalization water consumption and studying some water relations. The experimental design was split plot with four replicates. The main treatments were irrigation methods, A1 basin irrigation and A2 corrugation while the submain treatments were fertilization and application of microbial inoculants; B1 mineral nitrogen, B2 raise the available nitrogen in the soil till the recommended dose, B3 50 unit of nitrogen + Azospirillum inoculation and B4 50 unit of nitrogen + Azospirilluminoculation + Humates incorporated by micronutrients. The obtained results can be summarized as follows: 1. The values of applied irrigation water were increased under basin irrigation method (A1) comparing with corrugation one (A2). Data also showed that the values of applied irrigation water were not affected by fertilization treatments. 2. The highest values of water consumptive use were recorded under basin irrigation method (A1) in the two growing seasons comparing with the corrugation one (A2). Concerning with fertilization effect data indicated that the highest value was recorded under B4 treatment. Also, data illustrated that the highest mean values were recorded under A1B4 and A2B4 in the two seasons. 3. The highest mean values of both water utilization efficiency (W.ut.E) and water use efficiency (W.U.E.) were recorded under corrugation irrigation method (A2) comparing with basin irrigation one (A1) and the highest values were recorded under A1B4and A2B4 in the two seasons. 4. The mean values for wheat grain yield were increased under basin irrigation (A1) comparing with corrugation one (A2). For the effect of fertilization on wheat grain yield the best treatment was B4. 5. The mean values for straw yield, biological yield, harvest index and 1000-grain weight were increased under local surface irrigation method (A1) comparing with corrugation one (A2) in the two seasons. Data also showed that the above mentioned studied parameters were increased under B4 fertilization treatment in the two seasons and the mean values can be descended in order B4 > B3 > B2 > B1.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Basin irrigation required more applied irrigation water than corrugation.
- Taxon
- WHEAT
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- basin irrigation method (A1)e0
- Outcome
- applied irrigation watere0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- corrugation one (A2)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“WHEAT”
e0“The values of applied irrigation water were increased under basin irrigation method (A1) comparing with corrugation one (A2)”
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilization treatments did not affect applied irrigation water.
- Taxon
- WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- fertilization treatmentse0
- Outcome
- applied irrigation watere0
- Direction
- not affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“WHEAT”
e0“the values of applied irrigation water were not affected by fertilization treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Water consumptive use was highest under basin irrigation versus corrugation.
- Taxon
- WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- basin irrigation method (A1)e0
- Outcome
- water consumptive usee0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Comparator
- corrugation one (A2)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“WHEAT”
e0“The highest values of water consumptive use were recorded under basin irrigation method (A1) in the two growing seasons comparing with the corrugation one (A2)”
Claim · model-written summary
B4 fertilization produced the highest water consumptive use.
- Taxon
- WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- B4 treatmente0
- Outcome
- water consumptive usee1
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“WHEAT”
e0“Concerning with fertilization effect data indicated that the highest value was recorded under B4 treatment”
e1“The highest values of water consumptive use were recorded under basin irrigation method (A1) in the two growing seasons comparing with the corrugation one (A2)”
Claim · model-written summary
A1B4 and A2B4 had the highest mean water consumptive use in both seasons.
- Taxon
- WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- A1B4 and A2B4e0
- Outcome
- highest mean valuese0
- Direction
- higheste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“WHEAT”
e0“the highest mean values were recorded under A1B4 and A2B4 in the two seasons”
Claim · model-written summary
Corrugation irrigation had the highest water utilization efficiency and water use efficiency relative to basin irrigation.
- Taxon
- WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- corrugation irrigation method (A2)e0
- Outcome
- water utilization efficiency (W.ut.E) and water use efficiency (W.U.E.)e0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Comparator
- basin irrigation one (A1)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“WHEAT”
e0“The highest mean values of both water utilization efficiency (W.ut.E) and water use efficiency (W.U.E.) were recorded under corrugation irrigation method (A2) comparing with basin irrigation one (A1)”
Claim · model-written summary
A1B4 and A2B4 had the highest water efficiency values in both seasons.
- Taxon
- WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- A1B4and A2B4e0
- Outcome
- highest valuese0
- Direction
- higheste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“WHEAT”
e0“the highest values were recorded under A1B4and A2B4 in the two seasons”
Claim · model-written summary
Basin irrigation increased wheat grain yield relative to corrugation.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- basin irrigation (A1)e0
- Outcome
- wheat grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- corrugation one (A2)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The mean values for wheat grain yield were increased under basin irrigation (A1) comparing with corrugation one (A2)”
Claim · model-written summary
B4 was the best fertilization treatment for wheat grain yield.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- B4e0
- Outcome
- wheat grain yielde0
- Direction
- beste0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“For the effect of fertilization on wheat grain yield the best treatment was B4”
Claim · model-written summary
Basin irrigation increased straw yield, biological yield, and harvest index relative to corrugation.
- Taxon
- WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- local surface irrigation method (A1)e0
- Outcome
- straw yield, biological yield, harvest indexe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- corrugation one (A2)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“WHEAT”
e0“The mean values for straw yield, biological yield, harvest index and 1000-grain weight were increased under local surface irrigation method (A1) comparing with corrugation one (A2)”
Claim · model-written summary
Basin irrigation increased 1000-grain weight relative to corrugation.
- Taxon
- WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- local surface irrigation method (A1)e0
- Outcome
- 1000-grain weighte0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- corrugation one (A2)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“WHEAT”
e0“1000-grain weight were increased under local surface irrigation method (A1) comparing with corrugation one (A2)”
Claim · model-written summary
B4 increased straw yield, biological yield, and harvest index, with B4 > B3 > B2 > B1.
- Taxon
- WHEATTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- B4 fertilization treatmente0
- Outcome
- above mentioned studied parameterse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- B3 > B2 > B1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“WHEAT”
e0“the above mentioned studied parameters were increased under B4 fertilization treatment in the two seasons and the mean values can be descended in order B4 > B3 > B2 > B1”
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