Abstract
Seven field trials were completed over a three-year period (2016 to 2018) in southwestern Ontario, Canada, to assess weed control in conventional-till dicamba-resistant (DR) soybean with glyphosate/dicamba (2 : 1 ratio) applied postemergence (POST) at 3 doses (900, 1350, and 1800 g·ae·ha −1 ) and 3 application timings (up to 5, 15, and 25 cm weeds). There was minimal soybean injury (≤2%) from treatments evaluated. Glyphosate/dicamba applied at application timing of up to 5, 15, and 25 cm weeds, controlled Amaranthus spp. (pigweed spp.) 87–96, 94–99, and 99%; Ambrosia artemisiifolia (common ragweed) 93–99, 97–99, and 99–100%; Chenopodium album (lambsquarters) 89–99, 95–100, and 99–100%; Echinochloa crus-galli (barnyardgrass) 81–84, 94–96, and 96–97%; Setaria faberi (giant foxtail) 37–90, 77–98, and 99–100%; and Setaria viridis (green foxtail) 94–96, 99, and 99–100%, respectively. Additionally, glyphosate/dicamba applied POST at 900, 1350, and 1800 g·ae·ha −1 controlled Amaranthus spp. 90–97, 95–98, and 97–99%; A. artemisiifolia 95–98, 97–99, and 99–100%; C. album 92–99, 95–100, and 98–100%; E. crus-galli 84–88, 93-94, and 95-96%; S. faberi 74–95, 75–97, and 79–98%; and S. viridis 98, 98–99, and 98–100%, respectively. Weed interference reduced DR soybean yield as much as 51% compared to the highest yielding treatments. Results indicate that glyphosate/dicamba applied POST at the label doses can provide an adequate control of troublesome weeds in DR soybean. Weed control was generally most consistent when glyphosate/dicamba was applied at the highest registered dose in Ontario (1800 g·ae·ha −1 ) and when weeds were up to 25 cm tall.
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Claims 16
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate/dicamba applied at up to 5, 15 and 25 cm weeds controlled Amaranthus spp. at 87-96%, 94-99% and 99%.
- Taxon
- soybean
Glycine maxt0 - Treatment
- Glyphosate/dicambae0
- Interactor
- Amaranthus spp.
_with_green_foliage%2C_photographed_in_Tamil_Nadu%2C_India.jpg?width=60)
Amaranthuse0weed - Outcome
- controle0
- Direction
- controllede0
- Value
- 87–96, 94–99, and 99%e0
- Qualifier
- up to 5, 15, and 25 cm weedse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_with_green_foliage%2C_photographed_in_Tamil_Nadu%2C_India.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“Weed Control in Dicamba-Resistant Soybean”
e0“Glyphosate/dicamba applied at application timing of up to 5, 15, and 25 cm weeds, controlled Amaranthus spp. (pigweed spp.) 87–96, 94–99, and 99%; Ambrosia artemisiifolia (common ragweed) 93–99, 97–99, and 99–100%; Chenopodium album (lambsquarters) 89–99, 95–100, and 99–100%; Echinochloa crus-galli (barnyardgrass) 81–84, 94–96, and 96–97%; Setaria faberi (giant foxtail) 37–90, 77–98, and 99–100%; and Setaria viridis (green foxtail) 94–96, 99, and 99–100%”
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate/dicamba applied at up to 5, 15 and 25 cm weeds controlled Ambrosia artemisiifolia at 93-99%, 97-99% and 99-100%.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Glyphosate/dicambae0
- Interactor
- Ambrosia artemisiifolia
Ambrosia artemisiifoliae0weed - Outcome
- controle0
- Direction
- controllede0
- Value
- 93–99, 97–99, and 99–100%e0
- Qualifier
- up to 5, 15, and 25 cm weedse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Weed Control in Dicamba-Resistant Soybean”
e0“Glyphosate/dicamba applied at application timing of up to 5, 15, and 25 cm weeds, controlled Amaranthus spp. (pigweed spp.) 87–96, 94–99, and 99%; Ambrosia artemisiifolia (common ragweed) 93–99, 97–99, and 99–100%; Chenopodium album (lambsquarters) 89–99, 95–100, and 99–100%; Echinochloa crus-galli (barnyardgrass) 81–84, 94–96, and 96–97%; Setaria faberi (giant foxtail) 37–90, 77–98, and 99–100%; and Setaria viridis (green foxtail) 94–96, 99, and 99–100%”
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate/dicamba applied at up to 5, 15 and 25 cm weeds controlled Chenopodium album at 89-99%, 95-100% and 99-100%.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Glyphosate/dicambae0
- Interactor
- Chenopodium album
Chenopodium albume0weed - Outcome
- controle0
- Direction
- controllede0
- Value
- 89–99, 95–100, and 99–100%e0
- Qualifier
- up to 5, 15, and 25 cm weedse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Weed Control in Dicamba-Resistant Soybean”
e0“Glyphosate/dicamba applied at application timing of up to 5, 15, and 25 cm weeds, controlled Amaranthus spp. (pigweed spp.) 87–96, 94–99, and 99%; Ambrosia artemisiifolia (common ragweed) 93–99, 97–99, and 99–100%; Chenopodium album (lambsquarters) 89–99, 95–100, and 99–100%; Echinochloa crus-galli (barnyardgrass) 81–84, 94–96, and 96–97%; Setaria faberi (giant foxtail) 37–90, 77–98, and 99–100%; and Setaria viridis (green foxtail) 94–96, 99, and 99–100%”
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate/dicamba applied at up to 5, 15 and 25 cm weeds controlled Echinochloa crus-galli at 81-84%, 94-96% and 96-97%.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Glyphosate/dicambae0
- Interactor
- Echinochloa crus-galli
Echinochloa crus-gallie0weed - Outcome
- controle0
- Direction
- controllede0
- Value
- 81–84, 94–96, and 96–97%e0
- Qualifier
- up to 5, 15, and 25 cm weedse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Weed Control in Dicamba-Resistant Soybean”
e0“Glyphosate/dicamba applied at application timing of up to 5, 15, and 25 cm weeds, controlled Amaranthus spp. (pigweed spp.) 87–96, 94–99, and 99%; Ambrosia artemisiifolia (common ragweed) 93–99, 97–99, and 99–100%; Chenopodium album (lambsquarters) 89–99, 95–100, and 99–100%; Echinochloa crus-galli (barnyardgrass) 81–84, 94–96, and 96–97%; Setaria faberi (giant foxtail) 37–90, 77–98, and 99–100%; and Setaria viridis (green foxtail) 94–96, 99, and 99–100%”
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate/dicamba applied at up to 5, 15 and 25 cm weeds controlled Setaria faberi at 37-90%, 77-98% and 99-100%.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Glyphosate/dicambae0
- Interactor
- Setaria faberi
Setaria faberie0weed - Outcome
- controle0
- Direction
- controllede0
- Value
- 37–90, 77–98, and 99–100%e0
- Qualifier
- up to 5, 15, and 25 cm weedse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Weed Control in Dicamba-Resistant Soybean”
e0“Glyphosate/dicamba applied at application timing of up to 5, 15, and 25 cm weeds, controlled Amaranthus spp. (pigweed spp.) 87–96, 94–99, and 99%; Ambrosia artemisiifolia (common ragweed) 93–99, 97–99, and 99–100%; Chenopodium album (lambsquarters) 89–99, 95–100, and 99–100%; Echinochloa crus-galli (barnyardgrass) 81–84, 94–96, and 96–97%; Setaria faberi (giant foxtail) 37–90, 77–98, and 99–100%; and Setaria viridis (green foxtail) 94–96, 99, and 99–100%”
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate/dicamba applied at up to 5, 15 and 25 cm weeds controlled Setaria viridis at 94-96%, 99% and 99-100%.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- Glyphosate/dicambae0
- Interactor
- Setaria viridis
.jpg?width=60)
Setaria viridise0weed - Outcome
- controle0
- Direction
- controllede0
- Value
- 94–96, 99, and 99–100%e0
- Qualifier
- up to 5, 15, and 25 cm weedse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“Weed Control in Dicamba-Resistant Soybean”
e0“Glyphosate/dicamba applied at application timing of up to 5, 15, and 25 cm weeds, controlled Amaranthus spp. (pigweed spp.) 87–96, 94–99, and 99%; Ambrosia artemisiifolia (common ragweed) 93–99, 97–99, and 99–100%; Chenopodium album (lambsquarters) 89–99, 95–100, and 99–100%; Echinochloa crus-galli (barnyardgrass) 81–84, 94–96, and 96–97%; Setaria faberi (giant foxtail) 37–90, 77–98, and 99–100%; and Setaria viridis (green foxtail) 94–96, 99, and 99–100%”
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate/dicamba applied POST at 900, 1350 and 1800 g ae/ha controlled Amaranthus spp. at 90-97%, 95-98% and 97-99%.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- glyphosate/dicamba applied POST at 900, 1350, and 1800 g·ae·ha −1e7
- Interactor
- Amaranthus spp.Amaranthuse7weed
- Outcome
- controle7
- Direction
- controllede7
- Value
- 90–97, 95–98, and 97–99%e7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Weed Control in Dicamba-Resistant Soybean”
e7“Additionally, glyphosate/dicamba applied POST at 900, 1350, and 1800 g·ae·ha −1 controlled Amaranthus spp. 90–97, 95–98, and 97–99%; A. artemisiifolia 95–98, 97–99, and 99–100%; C. album 92–99, 95–100, and 98–100%; E. crus-galli 84–88, 93-94, and 95-96%; S. faberi 74–95, 75–97, and 79–98%; and S. viridis 98, 98–99, and 98–100%”
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate/dicamba applied POST at 900, 1350 and 1800 g ae/ha controlled Ambrosia artemisiifolia at 95-98%, 97-99% and 99-100%.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- glyphosate/dicamba applied POST at 900, 1350, and 1800 g·ae·ha −1e7
- Interactor
- A. artemisiifoliaAmbrosia artemisiifoliae7weed
- Outcome
- controle7
- Direction
- controllede7
- Value
- 95–98, 97–99, and 99–100%e7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Weed Control in Dicamba-Resistant Soybean”
e7“Additionally, glyphosate/dicamba applied POST at 900, 1350, and 1800 g·ae·ha −1 controlled Amaranthus spp. 90–97, 95–98, and 97–99%; A. artemisiifolia 95–98, 97–99, and 99–100%; C. album 92–99, 95–100, and 98–100%; E. crus-galli 84–88, 93-94, and 95-96%; S. faberi 74–95, 75–97, and 79–98%; and S. viridis 98, 98–99, and 98–100%”
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate/dicamba applied POST at 900, 1350 and 1800 g ae/ha controlled Chenopodium album at 92-99%, 95-100% and 98-100%.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- glyphosate/dicamba applied POST at 900, 1350, and 1800 g·ae·ha −1e7
- Interactor
- C. albumChenopodium albume7weed
- Outcome
- controle7
- Direction
- controllede7
- Value
- 92–99, 95–100, and 98–100%e7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Weed Control in Dicamba-Resistant Soybean”
e7“Additionally, glyphosate/dicamba applied POST at 900, 1350, and 1800 g·ae·ha −1 controlled Amaranthus spp. 90–97, 95–98, and 97–99%; A. artemisiifolia 95–98, 97–99, and 99–100%; C. album 92–99, 95–100, and 98–100%; E. crus-galli 84–88, 93-94, and 95-96%; S. faberi 74–95, 75–97, and 79–98%; and S. viridis 98, 98–99, and 98–100%”
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate/dicamba applied POST at 900, 1350 and 1800 g ae/ha controlled Echinochloa crus-galli at 84-88%, 93-94% and 95-96%.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- glyphosate/dicamba applied POST at 900, 1350, and 1800 g·ae·ha −1e7
- Interactor
- E. crus-galliEchinochloa crus-gallie7weed
- Outcome
- controle7
- Direction
- controllede7
- Value
- 84–88, 93-94, and 95-96%e7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Weed Control in Dicamba-Resistant Soybean”
e7“Additionally, glyphosate/dicamba applied POST at 900, 1350, and 1800 g·ae·ha −1 controlled Amaranthus spp. 90–97, 95–98, and 97–99%; A. artemisiifolia 95–98, 97–99, and 99–100%; C. album 92–99, 95–100, and 98–100%; E. crus-galli 84–88, 93-94, and 95-96%; S. faberi 74–95, 75–97, and 79–98%; and S. viridis 98, 98–99, and 98–100%”
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate/dicamba applied POST at 900, 1350 and 1800 g ae/ha controlled Setaria faberi at 74-95%, 75-97% and 79-98%.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- glyphosate/dicamba applied POST at 900, 1350, and 1800 g·ae·ha −1e7
- Interactor
- S. faberiSetaria faberie7weed
- Outcome
- controle7
- Direction
- controllede7
- Value
- 74–95, 75–97, and 79–98%e7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Weed Control in Dicamba-Resistant Soybean”
e7“Additionally, glyphosate/dicamba applied POST at 900, 1350, and 1800 g·ae·ha −1 controlled Amaranthus spp. 90–97, 95–98, and 97–99%; A. artemisiifolia 95–98, 97–99, and 99–100%; C. album 92–99, 95–100, and 98–100%; E. crus-galli 84–88, 93-94, and 95-96%; S. faberi 74–95, 75–97, and 79–98%; and S. viridis 98, 98–99, and 98–100%”
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate/dicamba applied POST at 900, 1350 and 1800 g ae/ha controlled Setaria viridis at 98%, 98-99% and 98-100%.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- glyphosate/dicamba applied POST at 900, 1350, and 1800 g·ae·ha −1e7
- Interactor
- S. viridisSetaria viridise7weed
- Outcome
- controle7
- Direction
- controllede7
- Value
- 98, 98–99, and 98–100%e7
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Weed Control in Dicamba-Resistant Soybean”
e7“Additionally, glyphosate/dicamba applied POST at 900, 1350, and 1800 g·ae·ha −1 controlled Amaranthus spp. 90–97, 95–98, and 97–99%; A. artemisiifolia 95–98, 97–99, and 99–100%; C. album 92–99, 95–100, and 98–100%; E. crus-galli 84–88, 93-94, and 95-96%; S. faberi 74–95, 75–97, and 79–98%; and S. viridis 98, 98–99, and 98–100%”
Claim · model-written summary
Weed interference reduced DR soybean yield by as much as 51% compared with the highest yielding treatments.
Verbatim
t0“Weed Control in Dicamba-Resistant Soybean”
e1“Weed interference reduced DR soybean yield as much as 51% compared to the highest yielding treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate/dicamba caused minimal soybean injury (2% or less) across the treatments evaluated.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- soybean injurye1
- Value
- ≤2%e1
- Qualifier
- from treatments evaluatede1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Weed Control in Dicamba-Resistant Soybean”
e1“There was minimal soybean injury (≤2%) from treatments evaluated”
Claim · model-written summary
Glyphosate/dicamba applied POST at the label doses can provide adequate control of troublesome weeds in DR soybean (authors conclusion).
Verbatim
t0“Weed Control in Dicamba-Resistant Soybean”
e1“Results indicate that glyphosate/dicamba applied POST at the label doses can provide an adequate control of troublesome weeds in DR soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Weed control was generally most consistent with glyphosate/dicamba at the highest registered dose in Ontario (1800 g·ae·ha −1) and when weeds were up to 25 cm tall.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxt0
- Outcome
- Weed controle1
- Direction
- most consistente1
- Qualifier
- when weeds were up to 25 cm talle1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Weed Control in Dicamba-Resistant Soybean”
e1“Weed control was generally most consistent when glyphosate/dicamba was applied at the highest registered dose in Ontario (1800 g·ae·ha −1 ) and when weeds were up to 25 cm tall”
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See all 8 papers →8 of 12 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.