Paper · 2011 · Journal of Plant Production

EFFECT OF POTASSIUM FERTILIZER, BIOSTIMULANTS AND EFFECTIVE MICROORGANISMS AS WELL AS THEIR INTERACTIONS ON POTATO GROWTH, PHOTOSYNTHETIC PIGMENTS AND STEM ANATOMY

A. Arafa; S. Farouk; Hager Mohamed

15
claims
34
verbatim quotes
10
citations
4
research areas
✓
Open access · cc-by

Abstract

Increasing potassium fertilizer rate up to 80 kg K2O/ fed significantly increased shoot fresh and dry weights, photosynthetic pigments concentration as well as stem anatomical characters. The highest weight was obtained due to application of 40 kg K2O/ fed in the first and seconds season as compared with untreated plants. Exogenous application of biostimulants, in particular, seaweed extract significantly increased shoot fresh and dry weights, photosynthetic pigment concentration as well as increased the diameter of stem, pith and thickness of collenchyma layers, and xylem tissue as well as the length and width of large vascular bundle beside the thickness of external phloem as compared to control in both seasons. Addition of effective microorganisms to the soil significantly increased shoot fresh and dry weight, photosynthetic pigments concentration as well as the diameter of stem, length and width of vascular bundle, and the thickness of xylem. As for the interactions, application of bostimulants, in particular, seaweed extract, significantly increased fresh and dry weights of potato shoot, photosynthetic pigments concentration as well as improved anatomical characteristics of potato stem grown under all potassium fertilizer rates with or without anaddition of effective microorganisms. The highest value was obtained under the treatment of 40 kg K2O/fed with addition of effective microorganisms and spraying plants with 500 mg/l seaweed extract as compared with control plant in the first and second growing seasons.

Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed cc-by. Read at the source ↗

The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.

Claims 15

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Potassium fertilizer up to 80 kg K2O/fed increased shoot fresh and dry weights.

Treatment
potassium fertilizer rate up to 80 kg K2O/ fede0
Outcome
shoot fresh and dry weightse0
Direction
increasede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum tuberosum
Solanum tuberosum · TaxonScott Bauer, USDA ARS · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“POTATO”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 108–114 · show in text ↑
e0

“Increasing potassium fertilizer rate up to 80 kg K2O/ fed significantly increased shoot fresh and dry weights”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–109 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Potassium fertilizer up to 80 kg K2O/fed increased photosynthetic pigment concentration.

Treatment
potassium fertilizer rate up to 80 kg K2O/ fede0
Outcome
photosynthetic pigments concentratione0
Direction
increasede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum tuberosum
Solanum tuberosum · TaxonScott Bauer, USDA ARS · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“POTATO”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 108–114 · show in text ↑
e0

“Increasing potassium fertilizer rate up to 80 kg K2O/ fed significantly increased shoot fresh and dry weights, photosynthetic pigments concentration”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–148 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Potassium fertilizer up to 80 kg K2O/fed increased stem anatomical characters.

Treatment
potassium fertilizer rate up to 80 kg K2O/ fede0
Outcome
stem anatomical characterse0
Direction
increasede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum tuberosum
Solanum tuberosum · TaxonScott Bauer, USDA ARS · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“POTATO”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 108–114 · show in text ↑
e0

“Increasing potassium fertilizer rate up to 80 kg K2O/ fed significantly increased shoot fresh and dry weights, photosynthetic pigments concentration as well as stem anatomical characters”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–186 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

40 kg K2O/fed gave the highest weight in both seasons compared with untreated plants.

Treatment
40 kg K2O/ fede0
Outcome
weighte0
Direction
higheste0
Qualifier
in the first and seconds seasone0
Comparator
untreated plantse0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum tuberosum
Solanum tuberosum · TaxonScott Bauer, USDA ARS · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“POTATO”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 108–114 · show in text ↑
e0

“The highest weight was obtained due to application of 40 kg K2O/ fed in the first and seconds season as compared with untreated plants”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 188–322 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Seaweed extract increased shoot fresh and dry weights compared with control in both seasons.

Treatment
seaweed extracte0
Outcome
shoot fresh and dry weightse0
Direction
increasede0
Comparator
controle1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum tuberosum
Solanum tuberosum · TaxonScott Bauer, USDA ARS · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“POTATO”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 108–114 · show in text ↑
e0

“seaweed extract significantly increased shoot fresh and dry weights”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 379–446 · show in text ↑
e1

“as compared to control in both seasons”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 684–722 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Seaweed extract increased photosynthetic pigment concentration.

Treatment
seaweed extracte0
Outcome
photosynthetic pigment concentratione0
Direction
increasede0
Comparator
controle1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum tuberosum
Solanum tuberosum · TaxonScott Bauer, USDA ARS · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“POTATO”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 108–114 · show in text ↑
e0

“seaweed extract significantly increased shoot fresh and dry weights, photosynthetic pigment concentration”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 379–484 · show in text ↑
e1

“as compared to control in both seasons”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 684–722 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Seaweed extract increased multiple stem anatomical dimensions compared with control.

Treatment
seaweed extracte0
Outcome
diameter of stem, pith and thickness of collenchyma layerse0
Direction
increasede0
Comparator
controle0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum tuberosum
Solanum tuberosum · TaxonScott Bauer, USDA ARS · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“POTATO”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 108–114 · show in text ↑
e0

“seaweed extract significantly increased shoot fresh and dry weights, photosynthetic pigment concentration as well as increased the diameter of stem, pith and thickness of collenchyma layers, and xylem tissue as well as the length and width of large vascular bundle beside the thickness of external phloem as compared to control in both seasons”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 379–722 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Seaweed extract increased xylem tissue thickness and vascular bundle dimensions.

Treatment
seaweed extracte1
Outcome
length and width of large vascular bundlee0
Direction
increasede0
Comparator
controle0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum tuberosum
Solanum tuberosum · TaxonScott Bauer, USDA ARS · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“POTATO”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 108–114 · show in text ↑
e0

“increased the diameter of stem, pith and thickness of collenchyma layers, and xylem tissue as well as the length and width of large vascular bundle beside the thickness of external phloem as compared to control”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 496–706 · show in text ↑
e1

“seaweed extract significantly increased shoot fresh and dry weights”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 379–446 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Effective microorganisms increased shoot fresh and dry weight.

Treatment
effective microorganismse0
Outcome
shoot fresh and dry weighte0
Direction
increasede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum tuberosum
Solanum tuberosum · TaxonScott Bauer, USDA ARS · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“POTATO”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 108–114 · show in text ↑
e0

“Addition of effective microorganisms to the soil significantly increased shoot fresh and dry weight”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 724–823 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Effective microorganisms increased photosynthetic pigments concentration.

Treatment
effective microorganismse0
Outcome
photosynthetic pigments concentratione0
Direction
increasede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum tuberosum
Solanum tuberosum · TaxonScott Bauer, USDA ARS · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“POTATO”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 108–114 · show in text ↑
e0

“Addition of effective microorganisms to the soil significantly increased shoot fresh and dry weight, photosynthetic pigments concentration”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 724–862 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Effective microorganisms increased stem and vascular bundle anatomical dimensions.

Treatment
effective microorganismse0
Outcome
diameter of stem, length and width of vascular bundlee0
Direction
increasede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum tuberosum
Solanum tuberosum · TaxonScott Bauer, USDA ARS · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“POTATO”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 108–114 · show in text ↑
e0

“Addition of effective microorganisms to the soil significantly increased shoot fresh and dry weight, photosynthetic pigments concentration as well as the diameter of stem, length and width of vascular bundle, and the thickness of xylem”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 724–959 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Seaweed extract increased shoot fresh and dry weights across potassium rates with or without microorganisms.

Treatment
seaweed extracte0
Outcome
fresh and dry weights of potato shoote0
Direction
increasede0
Qualifier
under all potassium fertilizer rates with or without anaddition of effective microorganismse1

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum tuberosum
Solanum tuberosum · TaxonScott Bauer, USDA ARS · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“seaweed extract, significantly increased fresh and dry weights of potato shoot”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1030–1108 · show in text ↑
e1

“grown under all potassium fertilizer rates with or without anaddition of effective microorganisms”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1210–1307 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Seaweed extract increased photosynthetic pigments across potassium rates with or without microorganisms.

Treatment
seaweed extracte0
Outcome
photosynthetic pigments concentratione0
Direction
increasede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum tuberosum
Solanum tuberosum · TaxonScott Bauer, USDA ARS · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“POTATO”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 108–114 · show in text ↑
e0

“seaweed extract, significantly increased fresh and dry weights of potato shoot, photosynthetic pigments concentration”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1030–1147 · show in text ↑
e1

“grown under all potassium fertilizer rates with or without anaddition of effective microorganisms”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1210–1307 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Seaweed extract improved stem anatomy across potassium rates with or without microorganisms.

Treatment
seaweed extracte0
Outcome
anatomical characteristics of potato steme0
Direction
improvede0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum tuberosum
Solanum tuberosum · TaxonScott Bauer, USDA ARS · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“POTATO”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 108–114 · show in text ↑
e0

“seaweed extract, significantly increased fresh and dry weights of potato shoot, photosynthetic pigments concentration as well as improved anatomical characteristics of potato stem grown under all potassium fertilizer rates with or without anaddition of effective microorganisms”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1030–1307 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The combination of 40 kg K2O/fed, effective microorganisms and 500 mg/l seaweed extract gave the highest value versus control in both seasons.

Treatment
40 kg K2O/fed with addition of effective microorganisms and spraying plants with 500 mg/l seaweed extracte0
Outcome
highest valuee0
Direction
higheste0
Qualifier
in the first and second growing seasonse0
Comparator
control plante0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Solanum tuberosum
Solanum tuberosum · TaxonScott Bauer, USDA ARS · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0

“POTATO”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 108–114 · show in text ↑
e0

“The highest value was obtained under the treatment of 40 kg K2O/fed with addition of effective microorganisms and spraying plants with 500 mg/l seaweed extract as compared with control plant in the first and second growing seasons”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1309–1539 · show in text ↑

potassium · physiology: photosynthesis · Solanum tuberosum (potato)Positive and negative results

2 papers: 1 positive, 1 negative or no effect

1 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. no effect
See all 2 papers →

other · organism · Solanum tuberosum (potato)Positive and negative results

5 papers: 3 positive, 2 negative or no effect

2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. no effect
  3. positive

1 paper more in this group

See all 5 papers →

fertilization · physiology: photosynthesis · Solanum tuberosum (potato)Positive and negative results

9 papers: 7 positive, 2 negative or no effect

6 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
  2. no effect
  3. positive

5 papers more in this group

See all 9 papers →

inoculation · physiology: photosynthesis · Solanum tuberosum (potato)Positive and negative results

9 papers: 8 positive, 1 negative or no effect

7 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
  2. positive
  3. positive

5 papers more in this group

See all 9 papers →

potassium · growth · Solanum tuberosum (potato)Positive and negative results

24 papers: 21 positive, 3 negative or no effect

20 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. no effect
  3. negative

20 papers more in this group

See all 24 papers →

other · growth · Solanum tuberosum (potato)Positive and negative results

34 papers: 33 positive, 1 negative or no effect

32 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
  2. positive
  3. positive

30 papers more in this group

See all 34 papers →

inoculation · growth · Solanum tuberosum (potato)Positive and negative results

104 papers: 82 positive, 22 negative or no effect

81 papers in the same direction as this paper · 22 in the opposite direction

  1. negative
  2. negative
  3. no effect

100 papers more in this group

See all 104 papers →

fertilization · growth · Solanum tuberosum (potato)Positive and negative results

140 papers: 122 positive, 18 negative or no effect

121 papers in the same direction as this paper · 16 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. positive
  2. no effect
  3. negative

136 papers more in this group

See all 140 papers →

8 of 9 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.