Abstract
Abstract The experiment was carried out in one of the agricultural fields during the agricultural season 2018/2019 of Al- Rumaytha city 25 km north of Almuthanna province, to know the effectiveness of spraying Nano fertilizers of potassium and boron on the yield and growth of wheat crop. The experiment was laid out as split- plot within R.C.B.D. with three replicates were fertilizer of Nano potassium placed in the main plates with three concentrations (zero, 4, 8 gm −1 ) which symbolized by the symbol (K0, K1, K2) on the sequence, while Nano boron fertilizer was placed in the sub-plates with three concentrations (0, 1.5, 3 mg.L −1 ) were symbolized by (B0, B1, B2) on the sequence by using the full random sectors R.C.B.D with 3 replicates. Results indicated that spraying by potassium nanoparticles with highest concentration of 8 m. L −1 , showed a significant increase in many features of growth and yield, giving the highest mean of chlorophyll content (194.56 mg. m 2 ), and plant height (98.24 cm). In addition, some of the components of the crop and the yield was increased the number of spikes (16.41%), the number of grain spike (8.29%), the grain yield (17.94%) and biological yield (14.31%). There was no significant effect between spray treatment and lack of weight on 1000 grains. In addition, the results showed that there were significant differences when increasing the concentrations of Nano boron in the solution, where concentration about 3 ml. L −1 in content of chlorophyll in leaves and the plant height. In addition, there were significant differences in some traits; the highest concentration (3 ml.l −1 ) gave the highest average number of spikes (395.90 spikes. m 2 ), the number of grains per spike (56.64 grains.spike −1 ), total yield of seed (6761 kg.ha −1 ) and the biological yield (14533 kg. ha −1 ). While no significant due to boron treatment in the number and weight of 1000 grains. The interaction between spraying Nano potassium and boron showed a significant effect on leaf chlorophyll content and the number of spikes per square meter only.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
The highest nano potassium concentration gave wheat the highest chlorophyll content of 194.56 mg. m 2.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- potassium nanoparticles with highest concentration of 8 m. L −1e0
- Outcome
- chlorophyll contente0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 194.56 mg. m 2e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“spraying by potassium nanoparticles with highest concentration of 8 m. L −1 , showed a significant increase in many features of growth and yield, giving the highest mean of chlorophyll content (194.56 mg. m 2 )”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The highest nano potassium concentration gave wheat the highest plant height of 98.24 cm.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- potassium nanoparticles with highest concentration of 8 m. L −1e0
- Outcome
- plant heighte0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Value
- 98.24 cme0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“potassium nanoparticles with highest concentration of 8 m. L −1 , showed a significant increase in many features of growth and yield, giving the highest mean of chlorophyll content (194.56 mg. m 2 ), and plant height (98.24 cm)”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Nano potassium spraying increased wheat spike number by 16.41%.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- spraying by potassium nanoparticlese2
- Outcome
- number of spikese0
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 16.41%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the number of spikes (16.41%)”
e1“some of the components of the crop and the yield was increased”
e2“spraying by potassium nanoparticles with highest concentration of 8 m. L −1”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Nano potassium spraying increased wheat grains per spike by 8.29%.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- number of grain spikee0
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 8.29%e0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the number of grain spike (8.29%)”
e1“some of the components of the crop and the yield was increased”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Nano potassium spraying increased wheat grain yield by 17.94%.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 17.94%e0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the grain yield (17.94%)”
e1“some of the components of the crop and the yield was increased”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Nano potassium spraying increased wheat biological yield by 14.31%.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- biological yielde0
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 14.31%e0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“biological yield (14.31%)”
e1“some of the components of the crop and the yield was increased”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Nano potassium spray had no significant effect on wheat thousand-grain weight.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- spray treatmente0
- Outcome
- weight on 1000 grainse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“There was no significant effect between spray treatment and lack of weight on 1000 grains”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing nano boron concentration significantly affected wheat leaf chlorophyll and plant height.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- increasing the concentrations of Nano borone0
- Outcome
- content of chlorophyll in leaves and the plant heighte0
- Value
- 3 ml. L −1e0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“there were significant differences when increasing the concentrations of Nano boron in the solution, where concentration about 3 ml. L −1 in content of chlorophyll in leaves and the plant height”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The highest nano boron concentration gave wheat 395.90 spikes per square metre.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- highest concentration (3 ml.l −1 )e0
- Outcome
- number of spikese0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 395.90 spikes. m 2e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“highest concentration (3 ml.l −1 ) gave the highest average number of spikes (395.90 spikes. m 2 )”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The highest nano boron concentration gave wheat 56.64 grains per spike.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- highest concentration (3 ml.l −1 )e0
- Outcome
- number of grains per spikee0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 56.64 grains.spike −1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“highest concentration (3 ml.l −1 ) gave the highest average number of spikes (395.90 spikes. m 2 ), the number of grains per spike (56.64 grains.spike −1 )”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The highest nano boron concentration gave wheat seed yield of 6761 kg.ha −1.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- highest concentration (3 ml.l −1 )e0
- Outcome
- total yield of seede0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 6761 kg.ha −1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“highest concentration (3 ml.l −1 ) gave the highest average number of spikes (395.90 spikes. m 2 ), the number of grains per spike (56.64 grains.spike −1 ), total yield of seed (6761 kg.ha −1 )”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The highest nano boron concentration gave wheat biological yield of 14533 kg. ha −1.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- highest concentration (3 ml.l −1 )e0
- Outcome
- biological yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 14533 kg. ha −1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“highest concentration (3 ml.l −1 ) gave the highest average number of spikes (395.90 spikes. m 2 ), the number of grains per spike (56.64 grains.spike −1 ), total yield of seed (6761 kg.ha −1 ) and the biological yield (14533 kg. ha −1 )”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Nano boron treatment did not significantly affect wheat thousand-grain number or weight.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- boron treatmente0
- Outcome
- number and weight of 1000 grainse0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“no significant due to boron treatment in the number and weight of 1000 grains”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The interaction of nano potassium and boron sprays significantly affected wheat leaf chlorophyll content and spike number per square metre.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- spraying Nano potassium and borone0
- Outcome
- leaf chlorophyll content and the number of spikes per square metere0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The interaction between spraying Nano potassium and boron showed a significant effect on leaf chlorophyll content and the number of spikes per square meter only”
t0“wheat”
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See all 257 papers →8 of 10 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.