Abstract
Evaluation of chemical fungicides and plant extracts against Alternaria solani causing early blight of tomato revealed that Tebuconazole (25 EC) was the most effective fungicide followed by Difenconazole (25 EC). Amongst plant extracts, maximum mycelial inhibition was exhibited by Datura stramonium (20%) followed by Lantana camara (20%) and Azadirachta indica (20%). Amongst the bio agents tested using dual culture technique, Trichoderma harzianum showed maximum growth inhibition of the pathogen and appeared to be the most effective. To develop Integrated Disease Management module for early blight of tomato fungicides, plant extracts and bio agents were integrated in different treatments and applied in field with varying spray schedules consecutively for two seasons. It was observed that treatment comprising of Mancozeb (0.25%), Datura (50%) and T. harzianum s.t (1x107 spores/ml) reduced disease intensity up to 84.00% followed by treatment comprising of Mancozeb (0.25%) and T. harzianum s.t (1x107spores/ml) which reduced disease intensity to 82.33%.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Tebuconazole (25 EC) was the most effective fungicide against Alternaria solani on tomato, followed by Difenconazole (25 EC).
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume0 - Treatment
- Tebuconazole (25 EC)e0
- Interactor
- Alternaria solani
Alternaria solanie0pathogen - Outcome
- most effective fungicidee0
- Direction
- most effectivee0
- Comparator
- Difenconazole (25 EC)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Evaluation of chemical fungicides and plant extracts against Alternaria solani causing early blight of tomato revealed that Tebuconazole (25 EC) was the most effective fungicide followed by Difenconazole (25 EC)”
Claim · model-written summary
Datura stramonium extract gave the maximum mycelial inhibition (20%) of Alternaria solani among the plant extracts tested.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- Datura stramoniume1
- Interactor
- Alternaria solaniAlternaria solanie0pathogen
- Outcome
- maximum mycelial inhibitione1
- Direction
- maximume1
- Value
- 20%e1
- Comparator
- plant extractse1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Evaluation of chemical fungicides and plant extracts against Alternaria solani causing early blight of tomato revealed”
e1“Amongst plant extracts, maximum mycelial inhibition was exhibited by Datura stramonium (20%) followed by Lantana camara (20%) and Azadirachta indica (20%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Lantana camara extract gave a lower mycelial inhibition (20%) than Datura stramonium.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- Lantana camarae1
- Interactor
- Alternaria solaniAlternaria solanie0pathogen
- Outcome
- mycelial inhibitione1
- Direction
- lowerinferrede1
- Value
- 20%e1
- Comparator
- Datura stramoniume1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Evaluation of chemical fungicides and plant extracts against Alternaria solani causing early blight of tomato revealed”
e1“Amongst plant extracts, maximum mycelial inhibition was exhibited by Datura stramonium (20%) followed by Lantana camara (20%) and Azadirachta indica (20%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Azadirachta indica extract gave a lower mycelial inhibition (20%) than Datura stramonium.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- Azadirachta indicae1
- Interactor
- Alternaria solaniAlternaria solanie0pathogen
- Outcome
- mycelial inhibitione1
- Direction
- lowerinferrede1
- Value
- 20%e1
- Comparator
- Datura stramoniume1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Evaluation of chemical fungicides and plant extracts against Alternaria solani causing early blight of tomato revealed”
e1“Amongst plant extracts, maximum mycelial inhibition was exhibited by Datura stramonium (20%) followed by Lantana camara (20%) and Azadirachta indica (20%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Trichoderma harzianum showed the maximum growth inhibition of Alternaria solani among the bio agents tested in dual culture.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- Trichoderma harzianume2
- Interactor
- Alternaria solaniAlternaria solanie0pathogen
- Second interactor
- Trichoderma harzianum
Trichoderma harzianume2biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- growth inhibition of the pathogene2
- Direction
- maximume2
- Comparator
- bio agentse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Evaluation of chemical fungicides and plant extracts against Alternaria solani causing early blight of tomato revealed”
e2“Amongst the bio agents tested using dual culture technique, Trichoderma harzianum showed maximum growth inhibition of the pathogen and appeared to be the most effective”
Claim · model-written summary
The integrated module of Mancozeb (0.25%), Datura (50%) and T. harzianum s.t reduced early blight intensity on tomato by up to 84.00% in field trials.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- Mancozeb (0.25%), Datura (50%) and T. harzianum s.t (1x107 spores/ml)e3
- Interactor
- Alternaria solaniAlternaria solanie0pathogen
- Second interactor
- T. harzianum s.tTrichoderma harzianume3biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- disease intensitye3
- Direction
- reducede3
- Value
- 84.00%e3
- Setting
- fielde4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Evaluation of chemical fungicides and plant extracts against Alternaria solani causing early blight of tomato revealed”
e3“It was observed that treatment comprising of Mancozeb (0.25%), Datura (50%) and T. harzianum s.t (1x107 spores/ml) reduced disease intensity up to 84.00%”
e4“applied in field with varying spray schedules consecutively for two seasons”
Claim · model-written summary
The combination of Mancozeb (0.25%) and T. harzianum s.t reduced early blight intensity on tomato to 82.33%.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- Mancozeb (0.25%) and T. harzianum s.t (1x107spores/ml)e5
- Interactor
- Alternaria solaniAlternaria solanie0pathogen
- Second interactor
- T. harzianum s.tTrichoderma harzianume5biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- disease intensitye5
- Direction
- reducede5
- Value
- 82.33%e5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Evaluation of chemical fungicides and plant extracts against Alternaria solani causing early blight of tomato revealed”
e5“followed by treatment comprising of Mancozeb (0.25%) and T. harzianum s.t (1x107spores/ml) which reduced disease intensity to 82.33%”
The same questions in other papers
mancozeb · Alternaria solani · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
17 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
- positive
15 papers more in this group
See all 19 papers →Lantana camara · Alternaria solani · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Datura stramonium · Alternaria solani · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Azadirachta indica · Alternaria solani · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results agree
5 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
2 papers more in this group
See all 6 papers →Trichoderma harzianum · Alternaria solani · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results agree
7 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
4 papers more in this group
See all 8 papers →tebuconazole · Alternaria solani · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results agree
8 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
5 papers more in this group
See all 9 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.