Abstract
The aim of the study was to compare soil and foliar application of Si to relieve stress in wheat caused by excess Zn in the soil. Two pot experiments were carried out in which the soil was contaminated with zinc sulphate at the dose of 600 mg kg−1 Zn before sowing. Si was applied in the soil in the following doses 200 mg kg−1 and 400 mg kg−1 Si and as foliar spraying in concentrations 2 mM L−1 and 6 mM L−1 Si in the form of sodium silicate. The applied dose of Zn was toxic to wheat and caused a significant decrease in the biomass of shoots and roots. Soil application of Si reduced the negative effect of Zn on plants and significantly increased the biomass of the tested organs. The foliar application of Si did not reduce the decrease of plant biomass. Soil contamination with Zn caused a drastic increase in Zn concentration in shoots and roots, while Si applied in the soil significantly decreased this concentration. The increase in soil pH, which was caused by sodium silicate, also affected the decrease in Zn concentration in plants. The plants absorbed Si applied to the soil, which is indicated by an increase in the Si content in shoots compared to the control. In the case of foliar spraying, only a higher dose of Si increased its concentration in the plants. The application of Si in the soil, in contrast to foliar application, reduced the transfer of Zn from roots to shoots. The higher effectiveness of soil application of Si than foliar application in alleviating the toxicity of Zn was associated with both an increase in pH and a higher uptake of Si by plants.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Excess zinc significantly reduced shoot and root biomass.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- Zne0
- Outcome
- biomass of shoots and rootse0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The applied dose of Zn was toxic to wheat and caused a significant decrease in the biomass of shoots and roots.”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil silicon significantly increased organ biomass under zinc stress.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Soil application of Sie0
- Outcome
- biomass of the tested organse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soil application of Si reduced the negative effect of Zn on plants and significantly increased the biomass of the tested organs.”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar silicon did not relieve the biomass reduction.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- foliar application of Sie0
- Outcome
- decrease of plant biomasse0
- Direction
- did not reducee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The foliar application of Si did not reduce the decrease of plant biomass.”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc contamination greatly increased zinc in shoots and roots.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Soil contamination with Zne0
- Outcome
- Zn concentration in shoots and rootse0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soil contamination with Zn caused a drastic increase in Zn concentration in shoots and roots”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil silicon significantly decreased zinc in shoots and roots.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Si applied in the soile0
- Outcome
- this concentratione0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Si applied in the soil significantly decreased this concentration.”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Sodium silicate raised soil pH and contributed to decreased plant zinc.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- sodium silicatee0
- Outcome
- Zn concentration in plantse0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The increase in soil pH, which was caused by sodium silicate, also affected the decrease in Zn concentration in plants.”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil silicon increased shoot silicon content relative to control.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Si applied to the soile0
- Outcome
- Si content in shootse0
- Direction
- increasee0
- Comparator
- the controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The plants absorbed Si applied to the soil, which is indicated by an increase in the Si content in shoots compared to the control.”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Only the higher foliar silicon dose raised silicon concentration in plants.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- higher dose of Sie0
- Outcome
- its concentration in the plantse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“only a higher dose of Si increased its concentration in the plants.”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil silicon reduced zinc transfer from roots to shoots compared with foliar application.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- application of Si in the soile0
- Outcome
- transfer of Zn from roots to shootse0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- foliar applicatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The application of Si in the soil, in contrast to foliar application, reduced the transfer of Zn from roots to shoots.”
t0“Wheat”
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