Abstract
A pot experiment was performed in the green house of Agricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt during the winter seasons of 2019 and 2020 to investigate the effect of exogenous application of ascorbic acid (AsA) and putrescine (Put) in ameliorating the growth parameters of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) plant under saline conditions (9.3 and 14 dS m-1). Two concentrations of either AsA (100 and 300 ppm) or Put (100 and 200 ppm) were foliar-sprayed individually or in combination with both salt concentrations. Vegetative, yield, and anatomical characters, leaf photosynthetic pigments, and grain crude protein declined in response to stress, while electrolyte leakage (EL), proline, glycine betaine (GB), total carbohydrates and antioxidant enzymes increased under same conditions. The maximum increments in vegetative characters were notable at concentrations of either AsA at 300 ppm or Put at 100 ppm. Yield characters were enhanced at 300 ppm AsA and both concentrations of Put. Improvement in anatomical features of leaf and stem was achieved with the combination of either AsA at 300 ppm or Put at 100 ppm with salinity at 14 dS m-1. AsA was more effective in enhancing photosynthetic pigments and crude protein individually or in combination with salinity. Combinations of either AsA or Put with salinity induced decrements in EL, GB and antioxidant enzymes and increments in proline and total carbohydrates. In conclusion, foliar application of AsA and Put could be considered an eco-friendly approach to alleviate the adverse effects of salinity on morphological and physiological characters of barley.
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Claims 16
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity reduced vegetative, yield, and anatomical characters.
- Taxon
- barley (Hordeum vulgare)
.jpg?width=60)
Hordeum vulgaret0 - Treatment
- stresse0
- Outcome
- Vegetative, yield, and anatomical characterse0
- Direction
- declinede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
t0“barley (Hordeum vulgare)”
e0“Vegetative, yield, and anatomical characters, leaf photosynthetic pigments, and grain crude protein declined in response to stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity reduced leaf photosynthetic pigments and grain crude protein.
- Taxon
- barley (Hordeum vulgare)Hordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- stresse0
- Outcome
- leaf photosynthetic pigments, and grain crude proteine0
- Direction
- declinede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“barley (Hordeum vulgare)”
e0“leaf photosynthetic pigments, and grain crude protein declined in response to stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity increased electrolyte leakage, proline, and glycine betaine.
- Taxon
- barley (Hordeum vulgare)Hordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- stresse1
- Outcome
- electrolyte leakage (EL), proline, glycine betaine (GB)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“barley (Hordeum vulgare)”
e0“electrolyte leakage (EL), proline, glycine betaine (GB), total carbohydrates and antioxidant enzymes increased under same conditions.”
e1“declined in response to stress, while electrolyte leakage”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity increased total carbohydrates and antioxidant enzymes.
- Taxon
- barley (Hordeum vulgare)Hordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- stresse1
- Outcome
- total carbohydrates and antioxidant enzymese0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“barley (Hordeum vulgare)”
e0“total carbohydrates and antioxidant enzymes increased under same conditions.”
e1“declined in response to stress, while electrolyte leakage”
Claim · model-written summary
Ascorbic acid at 300 ppm gave maximum increments in vegetative characters.
- Taxon
- barley (Hordeum vulgare)Hordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- AsA at 300 ppme0
- Outcome
- vegetative characterse0
- Direction
- maximum incrementse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“barley (Hordeum vulgare)”
e0“The maximum increments in vegetative characters were notable at concentrations of either AsA at 300 ppm or Put at 100 ppm.”
Claim · model-written summary
Putrescine at 100 ppm gave maximum increments in vegetative characters.
- Taxon
- barley (Hordeum vulgare)Hordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- Put at 100 ppme0
- Outcome
- vegetative characterse0
- Direction
- maximum incrementse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“barley (Hordeum vulgare)”
e0“The maximum increments in vegetative characters were notable at concentrations of either AsA at 300 ppm or Put at 100 ppm.”
Claim · model-written summary
Ascorbic acid at 300 ppm enhanced yield characters.
- Taxon
- barley (Hordeum vulgare)Hordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- 300 ppm AsAe0
- Outcome
- Yield characterse0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“barley (Hordeum vulgare)”
e0“Yield characters were enhanced at 300 ppm AsA and both concentrations of Put.”
Claim · model-written summary
Both concentrations of putrescine enhanced yield characters.
- Taxon
- barley (Hordeum vulgare)Hordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- both concentrations of Pute0
- Outcome
- Yield characterse0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“barley (Hordeum vulgare)”
e0“Yield characters were enhanced at 300 ppm AsA and both concentrations of Put.”
Claim · model-written summary
Ascorbic acid at 300 ppm with 14 dS m-1 salinity improved leaf and stem anatomy.
- Taxon
- barley (Hordeum vulgare)Hordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- AsA at 300 ppme0
- Outcome
- anatomical features of leaf and steme0
- Direction
- Improvemente0
- Qualifier
- salinity at 14 dS m-1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“barley (Hordeum vulgare)”
e0“Improvement in anatomical features of leaf and stem was achieved with the combination of either AsA at 300 ppm or Put at 100 ppm with salinity at 14 dS m-1.”
Claim · model-written summary
Putrescine at 100 ppm with 14 dS m-1 salinity improved leaf and stem anatomy.
- Taxon
- barley (Hordeum vulgare)Hordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- Put at 100 ppme0
- Outcome
- anatomical features of leaf and steme0
- Direction
- Improvemente0
- Qualifier
- salinity at 14 dS m-1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“barley (Hordeum vulgare)”
e0“Improvement in anatomical features of leaf and stem was achieved with the combination of either AsA at 300 ppm or Put at 100 ppm with salinity at 14 dS m-1.”
Claim · model-written summary
Ascorbic acid enhanced photosynthetic pigments and crude protein, alone or with salinity.
- Taxon
- barley (Hordeum vulgare)Hordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- AsAe0
- Outcome
- photosynthetic pigments and crude proteine0
- Direction
- enhancinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“barley (Hordeum vulgare)”
e0“AsA was more effective in enhancing photosynthetic pigments and crude protein individually or in combination with salinity.”
Claim · model-written summary
Ascorbic acid combined with salinity decreased electrolyte leakage, glycine betaine, and antioxidant enzymes.
- Taxon
- barley (Hordeum vulgare)Hordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- AsAe0
- Outcome
- EL, GB and antioxidant enzymese0
- Direction
- decrementse0
- Qualifier
- with salinitye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“barley (Hordeum vulgare)”
e0“Combinations of either AsA or Put with salinity induced decrements in EL, GB and antioxidant enzymes and increments in proline and total carbohydrates.”
Claim · model-written summary
Putrescine combined with salinity decreased electrolyte leakage, glycine betaine, and antioxidant enzymes.
- Taxon
- barley (Hordeum vulgare)Hordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- Pute0
- Outcome
- EL, GB and antioxidant enzymese0
- Direction
- decrementse0
- Qualifier
- with salinitye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“barley (Hordeum vulgare)”
e0“Combinations of either AsA or Put with salinity induced decrements in EL, GB and antioxidant enzymes and increments in proline and total carbohydrates.”
Claim · model-written summary
Ascorbic acid combined with salinity increased proline and total carbohydrates.
- Taxon
- barley (Hordeum vulgare)Hordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- AsAe0
- Outcome
- proline and total carbohydratese0
- Direction
- incrementse0
- Qualifier
- with salinitye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“barley (Hordeum vulgare)”
e0“Combinations of either AsA or Put with salinity induced decrements in EL, GB and antioxidant enzymes and increments in proline and total carbohydrates.”
Claim · model-written summary
Putrescine combined with salinity increased proline and total carbohydrates.
- Taxon
- barley (Hordeum vulgare)Hordeum vulgaret0
- Treatment
- Pute0
- Outcome
- proline and total carbohydratese0
- Direction
- incrementse0
- Qualifier
- with salinitye0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“barley (Hordeum vulgare)”
e0“Combinations of either AsA or Put with salinity induced decrements in EL, GB and antioxidant enzymes and increments in proline and total carbohydrates.”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar ascorbic acid and putrescine could alleviate salinity effects on barley morphology and physiology.
- Taxon
- barleyHordeum vulgaree0
- Outcome
- foliar application of AsA and Pute0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“barley (Hordeum vulgare)”
e0“foliar application of AsA and Put could be considered an eco-friendly approach to alleviate the adverse effects of salinity on morphological and physiological characters of barley.”
The same questions in other papers
L-ascorbic acid · physiology: oxidative · Hordeum vulgare (barley)Results differ
4 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →putrescine · physiology: oxidative · Hordeum vulgare (barley)Results agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.