Abstract
Meloidogyne graminicola is a destructive soil-borne pathogen that causes rice yield losses (Oryza sativa L.) in tropical and subtropical areas. This study investigated the effect of M. graminicola population densities on plant height, heading, and the photosynthetic parameters of rice in a greenhouse. Two-week-old rice plants were inoculated with different M. graminicola densities (250, 500, 750, 1000, 1500, and 2000 J2s/plant) and observations were recorded at 30, 60, and 90 days after inoculation (DAI). Reductions in growth and photosynthetic parameters caused by M. graminicola densities were calculated in relation to a control (non-inoculated rice). Results revealed that M. graminicola infection with low population densities (0–500 J2s/plant) did not influence the rice plant height during 30–60 DAI, but significantly lowered the plant height, panicle growth rate, and panicle length of rice at 90 DAI. The chlorophyll content of rice inoculated with 500–2000 J2s was significantly lower than that of the control. Furthermore, M. graminicola infection with 500 J2s/plant significantly lowered the transpiration rate and net photosynthetic rate by 21.21% and 21.81%, respectively, compared with the control (p < 0.05). M. graminicola with a low population density significantly reduced the net photosynthetic rate of rice, which affected organic matter accumulation, resulting in growth retardation and lower yields (p < 0.05).
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Claims 6
Claim · model-written summary
Low M. graminicola densities (0–500 J2s/plant) did not influence rice plant height during 30–60 DAI
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae1 - Treatment
- M. graminicola infection with low population densities (0–500 J2s/plant)e2
- Interactor
- Meloidogyne graminicolaMeloidogyne graminicolae1pathogen
- Outcome
- plant heighte2
- Direction
- did not influencee2
- Qualifier
- during 30–60 DAIe2
- Comparator
- controle4
- Setting
- greenhousee7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e2“M. graminicola infection with low population densities (0–500 J2s/plant) did not influence the rice plant height during 30–60 DAI”
e1“Meloidogyne graminicola is a destructive soil-borne pathogen that causes rice yield losses”
e7“photosynthetic parameters of rice in a greenhouse”
e4“calculated in relation to a control (non-inoculated rice)”
t0“Meloidogyne graminicola’s Effect on Growth Performance of Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Low M. graminicola densities significantly lowered plant height, panicle growth rate and panicle length of rice at 90 DAI
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae1
- Treatment
- M. graminicola infection with low population densities (0–500 J2s/plant)e2
- Interactor
- Meloidogyne graminicolaMeloidogyne graminicolae1pathogen
- Outcome
- plant height, panicle growth rate, and panicle lengthe3
- Direction
- significantly lowerede3
- Qualifier
- at 90 DAIe3
- Comparator
- controle4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e3“significantly lowered the plant height, panicle growth rate, and panicle length of rice at 90 DAI”
e2“M. graminicola infection with low population densities (0–500 J2s/plant) did not influence the rice plant height during 30–60 DAI”
e1“Meloidogyne graminicola is a destructive soil-borne pathogen that causes rice yield losses”
e4“calculated in relation to a control (non-inoculated rice)”
t0“Meloidogyne graminicola’s Effect on Growth Performance of Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice inoculated with 500–2000 J2s had significantly lower chlorophyll content than the control
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae4
- Treatment
- inoculated with 500–2000 J2se4
- Interactor
- Meloidogyne graminicolaMeloidogyne graminicolae1pathogen
- Outcome
- chlorophyll contente4
- Direction
- significantly lowere4
- Comparator
- the controle4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e4“The chlorophyll content of rice inoculated with 500–2000 J2s was significantly lower than that of the control”
e1“Meloidogyne graminicola is a destructive soil-borne pathogen that causes rice yield losses”
Claim · model-written summary
M. graminicola at 500 J2s/plant significantly lowered rice transpiration rate by 21.21%
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- M. graminicola infection with 500 J2s/plante5
- Interactor
- M. graminicolaMeloidogyne graminicolae5pathogen
- Outcome
- transpiration ratee5
- Direction
- significantly lowerede5
- Value
- 21.21%e5
- Comparator
- controle5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“M. graminicola infection with 500 J2s/plant significantly lowered the transpiration rate and net photosynthetic rate by 21.21% and 21.81%, respectively, compared with the control”
t0“Meloidogyne graminicola’s Effect on Growth Performance of Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
M. graminicola at 500 J2s/plant significantly lowered rice net photosynthetic rate by 21.81%
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- M. graminicola infection with 500 J2s/plante5
- Interactor
- M. graminicolaMeloidogyne graminicolae5pathogen
- Outcome
- net photosynthetic ratee5
- Direction
- significantly lowerede5
- Value
- 21.81%e5
- Comparator
- controle5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“M. graminicola infection with 500 J2s/plant significantly lowered the transpiration rate and net photosynthetic rate by 21.21% and 21.81%, respectively, compared with the control”
t0“Meloidogyne graminicola’s Effect on Growth Performance of Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
Low-density M. graminicola reduced rice net photosynthesis, which lowered organic matter accumulation, growth and yield
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Treatment
- M. graminicola with a low population densitye6
- Interactor
- M. graminicolaMeloidogyne graminicolae6pathogen
- Outcome
- growth retardation and lower yieldse6
- Qualifier
- affected organic matter accumulatione6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e6“M. graminicola with a low population density significantly reduced the net photosynthetic rate of rice, which affected organic matter accumulation, resulting in growth retardation and lower yields”
t0“Meloidogyne graminicola’s Effect on Growth Performance of Rice”
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