Abstract
Salinity stress is one of the most serious environmental stress that inhibits plant growth. In this study, we adopted an environment friendly technique and screened different plant growth-promoting fungi for different plant growth promoting (PGP) traits and salinity stress. Among those isolates, Bipolaris sp. CSL-1 was selected based on plant growth-promoting characteristics, such as producing indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), gibberellins (GAs), organic acids and resistance to sodium chloride (NaCl) stress. Here, we found that inoculating soybean with isolate CSL-1 significantly increased shoot and root length, shoot and root fresh and dry weight and chlorophyll content under NaCl stress (200 mM). Endogenous abscisic acid (ABA) levels were significantly decreased, whereas salicylic acid (SA) levels were increased in CSL-1-inoculated plants under NaCl stress. NaCl-treated noninoculated plants showed higher levels of antioxidants and oxidative stress such as peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase (PPO), malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide anion (SOA). Furthermore, CSL-1 inoculation improved soybean resistance to NaCl stress, and there was a significant decrease in GmFDL19, GmNARK, and GmSIN1 expression levels. As a result, the fungal isolate CSL-1 mitigates the effect of salt stress and enhance soybean growth and might be used as a valuable ecofriendly microorganism resource in salt-affected areas.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
CSL-1 inoculation significantly increased shoot and root length of soybean under NaCl stress
- Taxon
- Glycine max
Glycine maxt0 - Treatment
- inoculating soybean with isolate CSL-1e1
- Interactor
- Bipolaris sp. CSL-1t0symbiont
- Outcome
- shoot and root lengthe1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Qualifier
- under NaCl stress (200 mM)e1
- Comparator
- NaCl-treated noninoculated plantse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Bipolaris sp. CSL-1 induces salt tolerance in Glycine max”
e1“inoculating soybean with isolate CSL-1 significantly increased shoot and root length, shoot and root fresh and dry weight and chlorophyll content under NaCl stress (200 mM)”
e2“NaCl-treated noninoculated plants”
Claim · model-written summary
CSL-1 inoculation significantly increased shoot and root fresh and dry weight of soybean under NaCl stress
- Taxon
- Glycine maxGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- inoculating soybean with isolate CSL-1e1
- Interactor
- Bipolaris sp. CSL-1t0symbiont
- Outcome
- shoot and root fresh and dry weighte1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Qualifier
- under NaCl stress (200 mM)e1
- Comparator
- NaCl-treated noninoculated plantse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Bipolaris sp. CSL-1 induces salt tolerance in Glycine max”
e1“inoculating soybean with isolate CSL-1 significantly increased shoot and root length, shoot and root fresh and dry weight and chlorophyll content under NaCl stress (200 mM)”
e2“NaCl-treated noninoculated plants”
Claim · model-written summary
CSL-1 inoculation significantly increased chlorophyll content of soybean under NaCl stress
- Taxon
- Glycine maxGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- inoculating soybean with isolate CSL-1e1
- Interactor
- Bipolaris sp. CSL-1t0symbiont
- Outcome
- chlorophyll contente1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Qualifier
- under NaCl stress (200 mM)e1
- Comparator
- NaCl-treated noninoculated plantse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Bipolaris sp. CSL-1 induces salt tolerance in Glycine max”
e1“inoculating soybean with isolate CSL-1 significantly increased shoot and root length, shoot and root fresh and dry weight and chlorophyll content under NaCl stress (200 mM)”
e2“NaCl-treated noninoculated plants”
Claim · model-written summary
CSL-1-inoculated soybean under NaCl stress had lower endogenous ABA levels than NaCl-treated noninoculated plants
- Taxon
- Glycine maxGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- CSL-1-inoculated plants under NaCl stresse3
- Interactor
- CSL-1e3symbiont
- Outcome
- Endogenous abscisic acid (ABA) levelse3
- Direction
- decreasede3
- Comparator
- NaCl-treated noninoculated plantse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Bipolaris sp. CSL-1 induces salt tolerance in Glycine max”
e3“Endogenous abscisic acid (ABA) levels were significantly decreased, whereas salicylic acid (SA) levels were increased in CSL-1-inoculated plants under NaCl stress”
e2“NaCl-treated noninoculated plants”
Claim · model-written summary
CSL-1-inoculated soybean under NaCl stress had higher salicylic acid (SA) levels
- Taxon
- Glycine maxGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- CSL-1-inoculated plants under NaCl stresse3
- Interactor
- CSL-1e3symbiont
- Outcome
- salicylic acid (SA) levelse3
- Direction
- increasede3
- Comparator
- NaCl-treated noninoculated plantse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Bipolaris sp. CSL-1 induces salt tolerance in Glycine max”
e3“Endogenous abscisic acid (ABA) levels were significantly decreased, whereas salicylic acid (SA) levels were increased in CSL-1-inoculated plants under NaCl stress”
e2“NaCl-treated noninoculated plants”
Claim · model-written summary
NaCl-treated noninoculated soybean showed higher levels of antioxidants and oxidative stress markers
- Taxon
- Glycine maxGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- NaCl-treatede4
- Outcome
- levels of antioxidants and oxidative stresse4
- Direction
- highere4
- Qualifier
- peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase (PPO), malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide anion (SOA)e4
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Bipolaris sp. CSL-1 induces salt tolerance in Glycine max”
e4“NaCl-treated noninoculated plants showed higher levels of antioxidants and oxidative stress such as peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase (PPO), malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide anion (SOA)”
Claim · model-written summary
CSL-1 inoculation improved soybean resistance to NaCl stress
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe5
- Treatment
- CSL-1 inoculatione5
- Outcome
- resistance to NaCl stresse5
- Direction
- improvede5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“CSL-1 inoculation improved soybean resistance to NaCl stress, and there was a significant decrease in GmFDL19, GmNARK, and GmSIN1 expression levels”
Claim · model-written summary
CSL-1 inoculation significantly decreased expression levels of GmFDL19, GmNARK and GmSIN1 in soybean
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe5
- Treatment
- CSL-1 inoculatione5
- Gene
- GmFDL19, GmNARK, and GmSIN1e5
- Outcome
- expression levelse5
- Direction
- decreasee5
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e5“CSL-1 inoculation improved soybean resistance to NaCl stress, and there was a significant decrease in GmFDL19, GmNARK, and GmSIN1 expression levels”
Claim · model-written summary
Bipolaris sp. CSL-1 was selected for plant growth-promoting traits: indole-3-acetic acid, gibberellin and organic acid production and NaCl resistance
- Taxon
- Glycine maxGlycine maxt0
- Interactor
- Bipolaris sp. CSL-1e6symbiont
- Outcome
- plant growth-promoting characteristicse6
- Qualifier
- producing indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), gibberellins (GAs), organic acids and resistance to sodium chloride (NaCl) stresse6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Bipolaris sp. CSL-1 induces salt tolerance in Glycine max”
e6“Among those isolates, Bipolaris sp. CSL-1 was selected based on plant growth-promoting characteristics, such as producing indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), gibberellins (GAs), organic acids and resistance to sodium chloride (NaCl) stress”
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