Abstract
To reduce the environmental pollution, this study was designed to test the effect of using compost and biostimulants as total or partial replacement for mineral nitrogen on productivity and grain quality of two wheat cultivars. Two field experiments were conducted in the Desert Experimental Station, Cairo University located at Wadi El-Natroon, Egypt during two successive seasons (2016/2017 and 2017/2018). A split-split-plot design in a randomized complete block arrangement was used. Four fertilizer treatments (100% mineral nitrogen as control, 100% compost, 75% compost + 25% mineral nitrogen and 50% compost + 50% mineral nitrogen). Four levels of biostimulants foliar applications (control, 0.75 L ha−1, 1.13 L ha−1 and 1.5 L ha−1). Treatments were tested on two wheat cultivars (Egyptian cultivar, Gemmiza-10 and Nigerian cultivar, LacriWhit-4). Results indicated that, the treatment of 50% compost + 50% mineral nitrogen fertilizer along with 1.5 L ha−1 of biostimulants (VIUSID® agro) significantly increased the grain yield of both wheat cultivars, LacriWhit-4 and Gemmiza-10 (4.44- and 4.53-ton ha−1, respectively). The increase of grain yield was 0.9- and 1.36-ton ha−1, respectively. The treatment of 100% compost significantly increased protein, crude fiber, total sugars, Mg and Mn contents in grain while the treatment of 100% mineral nitrogen fertilizer significantly increased ash, total phenols, P and Ca contents in grain. Replacing nitrogen fertilization with compost significantly increased ether extract and carbohydrates content of the Nigerian cultivar grains while N, K and Fe contents were increased in the grains of both tested cultivars. The foliar application of biostimulants (VIUSID® agro) at different levels significantly increased protein, carbohydrates, total sugars, P, K, Ca, Cu and Zn contents. It can be concluded that replacing mineral nitrogen fertilizer with a combination of compost and mineral nitrogen (50% compost + 50% mineral nitrogen) along with 1.5 L ha−1 of biostimulants (VIUSID® agro) is recommended for the enhancement of productivity and grain quality of wheat while reducing environmental pollution.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
Combined compost, mineral nitrogen and biostimulant increased LacriWhit-4 grain yield to 4.44 ton ha−1, a 0.9-ton ha−1 increase.
- Taxon
- Wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Material
- LacriWhit-4e0
- Treatment
- 50% compost + 50% mineral nitrogen fertilizer along with 1.5 L ha−1 of biostimulants (VIUSID® agro)e0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 0.9- and 1.36-ton ha−1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“50% compost + 50% mineral nitrogen fertilizer along with 1.5 L ha−1 of biostimulants (VIUSID® agro) significantly increased the grain yield of both wheat cultivars, LacriWhit-4 and Gemmiza-10 (4.44- and 4.53-ton ha−1, respectively). The increase of grain yield was 0.9- and 1.36-ton ha−1, respectively”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The combined treatment increased Gemmiza-10 grain yield to 4.53 ton ha−1, a 1.36-ton ha−1 increase.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- Gemmiza-10e0
- Treatment
- 50% compost + 50% mineral nitrogen fertilizer along with 1.5 L ha−1 of biostimulants (VIUSID® agro)e0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 4.53-ton ha−1e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“50% compost + 50% mineral nitrogen fertilizer along with 1.5 L ha−1 of biostimulants (VIUSID® agro) significantly increased the grain yield of both wheat cultivars, LacriWhit-4 and Gemmiza-10 (4.44- and 4.53-ton ha−1, respectively). The increase of grain yield was 0.9- and 1.36-ton ha−1, respectively”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Full compost increased grain protein, crude fiber and total sugars.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 100% composte0
- Outcome
- protein, crude fiber, total sugarse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The treatment of 100% compost significantly increased protein, crude fiber, total sugars, Mg and Mn contents in grain”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Full compost increased grain Mg and Mn.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 100% composte0
- Outcome
- Mg and Mn contents in graine0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The treatment of 100% compost significantly increased protein, crude fiber, total sugars, Mg and Mn contents in grain”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Full mineral nitrogen increased grain ash, phenols and P.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 100% mineral nitrogen fertilizere0
- Outcome
- ash, total phenols, Pe0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“100% mineral nitrogen fertilizer significantly increased ash, total phenols, P and Ca contents in grain”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Full mineral nitrogen increased grain Ca.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 100% mineral nitrogen fertilizere0
- Outcome
- Ca contents in graine0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“100% mineral nitrogen fertilizer significantly increased ash, total phenols, P and Ca contents in grain”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Compost replacement increased ether extract and carbohydrates in LacriWhit-4 grain.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- Nigerian cultivare0
- Treatment
- Replacing nitrogen fertilization with composte0
- Outcome
- ether extract and carbohydrates contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Replacing nitrogen fertilization with compost significantly increased ether extract and carbohydrates content of the Nigerian cultivar grains”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Compost replacement increased grain N, K and Fe in both cultivars.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- N, K and Fe contentse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“N, K and Fe contents were increased in the grains of both tested cultivars”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar biostimulant increased grain protein, carbohydrates and sugars.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- foliar application of biostimulants (VIUSID® agro) at different levelse0
- Outcome
- protein, carbohydrates, total sugarse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The foliar application of biostimulants (VIUSID® agro) at different levels significantly increased protein, carbohydrates, total sugars, P, K, Ca, Cu and Zn contents”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar biostimulant increased grain P, K and Ca.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- foliar application of biostimulants (VIUSID® agro) at different levelse0
- Outcome
- P, K, Cae0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The foliar application of biostimulants (VIUSID® agro) at different levels significantly increased protein, carbohydrates, total sugars, P, K, Ca, Cu and Zn contents”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar biostimulant increased grain Cu and Zn.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- foliar application of biostimulants (VIUSID® agro) at different levelse0
- Outcome
- Cu and Zn contentse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The foliar application of biostimulants (VIUSID® agro) at different levels significantly increased protein, carbohydrates, total sugars, P, K, Ca, Cu and Zn contents”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors recommend 50% compost and mineral N plus 1.5 L ha−1 biostimulant for wheat productivity and quality.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Outcome
- 50% compost + 50% mineral nitrogen) along with 1.5 L ha−1 of biostimulants (VIUSID® agro)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a combination of compost and mineral nitrogen (50% compost + 50% mineral nitrogen) along with 1.5 L ha−1 of biostimulants (VIUSID® agro) is recommended for the enhancement of productivity and grain quality of wheat while reducing environmental pollution”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.