Abstract
(L.)) is a wild medicinal herbal plant that is widely used in folk medicine due to its high content of secondary metabolites (SMs) and silymarin; however, the data regarding the response of milk thistle to salinity are still scarce and scanty. The present study evaluated the effect of salinity on a geographically diverse population of milk thistle and on the role of medium supplementation (MS) with ascorbic acid, thiourea, and moringa leaf extract in improving the SMs and growth-related attributes under salinity stress (SS). For germination, a 120 mM level of salinity was applied in the soil during the seedling stage. After salinity development, predetermined levels of the following compounds were used for MS: thiourea (250 µM), moringa leaf extract (3%), and ascorbic acid (500 µM). The data regarding growth attributes showed that SS impaired plant growth and development and increased SM production, including alkaloids, anthocyanin, and saponins. Moreover, ascorbic acid, followed by moringa leaf extract, was the most effective in improving growth by virtue of increased SMs, especially under salt stress conditions. The present study demonstrated that milk thistle could withstand moderate doses of SS, while MS improved all the growth parameters by increasing the accumulation of SMs.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity impaired milk thistle growth and development.
- Taxon
- milk thistle
Silybum marianumt0 - Treatment
- SSe0
- Outcome
- plant growth and developmente0
- Direction
- impairede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“SS impaired plant growth and development and increased SM production, including alkaloids, anthocyanin, and saponins.”
t0“milk thistle”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity increased alkaloid, anthocyanin and saponin production.
- Taxon
- milk thistleSilybum marianumt0
- Treatment
- SSe0
- Outcome
- SM production, including alkaloids, anthocyanin, and saponinse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“SS impaired plant growth and development and increased SM production, including alkaloids, anthocyanin, and saponins.”
t0“milk thistle”
Claim · model-written summary
Ascorbic acid was the most effective supplement for growth under salinity.
- Taxon
- milk thistleSilybum marianumt0
- Treatment
- ascorbic acide0
- Outcome
- growthe0
- Direction
- most effective in improvinge0
- Qualifier
- especially under salt stress conditionse0
- Comparator
- moringa leaf extracte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ascorbic acid, followed by moringa leaf extract, was the most effective in improving growth by virtue of increased SMs, especially under salt stress conditions.”
t0“milk thistle”
Claim · model-written summary
Moringa leaf extract was next most effective for growth under salinity.
- Taxon
- milk thistleSilybum marianumt0
- Treatment
- moringa leaf extracte0
- Outcome
- growthe0
- Direction
- improvinge0
- Comparator
- ascorbic acide0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ascorbic acid, followed by moringa leaf extract, was the most effective in improving growth by virtue of increased SMs, especially under salt stress conditions.”
t0“milk thistle”
Claim · model-written summary
Milk thistle tolerated moderate salinity doses.
- Taxon
- milk thistleSilybum marianume0
- Outcome
- could withstand moderate doses of SSe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“milk thistle could withstand moderate doses of SS”
Claim · model-written summary
Medium supplementation improved all growth parameters.
- Taxon
- milk thistleSilybum marianumt0
- Treatment
- MSe0
- Outcome
- all the growth parameterse0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“MS improved all the growth parameters by increasing the accumulation of SMs.”
t0“milk thistle”
Claim · model-written summary
Medium supplementation increased secondary metabolite accumulation.
- Taxon
- milk thistleSilybum marianumt0
- Treatment
- MSe0
- Outcome
- accumulation of SMse0
- Direction
- increasinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“MS improved all the growth parameters by increasing the accumulation of SMs.”
t0“milk thistle”
The same questions in other papers
ascorbic acid · growth · Silybum marianum (milk thistle)Results agree
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.