Abstract
The present field investigation was carried out during winter season of 2016-17 and 2017-18 at Rajasthan Agricultural Research Institute, Durgapura, Jaipur to evaluate the effect of different irrigation levels and moisture conserving polymers on performance of wheat. Results revealed that application of six irrigations resulted in significantly maximum plant height (at harvest) and dry matter at 60, 90 DAS and harvest. The application of six irrigations enhanced the CGR by the magnitude of 55.97, 23.36 and 27.55% (30-60 DAS), 42.87, 20.38 and 20.70% (60-90 DAS) and 71.09, 48.00 and 49.53% (90 DAS-at harvest) over control, three irrigations (at fixed interval) and three irrigations (at critical stages), respectively. The application of Pusa hydrogel resulted in significantly increased plant height, dry matter accumulation and CGR during all the growth stages.The maximum number of earheads (375.78/ m2), spike length (10.82 cm), number of grains/ear (30.84) and test weight (40.95 g) were registered with application of six irrigations. Pusa hydrogel improved the effective tillers by 3.61-7.31% and spike length by 8.20-15.70% over control and Herbal hydrogel. The mean maximum grain (4.74 t/ha), straw (5.73 t/ha) and biological yield (10.47 t/ha) were recorded with application of six irrigations. Pusa and Herbal hydrogel enhanced the mean grain, straw and biological yield of wheat by 6.65-13.69%, 6.90-14.41% and 6.79-14.09%, respectively. The application of six irrigations increased gross and net returns by magnitude of 64.14, 31.35 and 33.28% and 83.35, 42.25 and 44.98% over control, three irrigation (at fixed interval) and three irrigation (at critical stages), respectively. The highest gross returns (` 76924/ha) net returns (` 45548/ha) were recorded with application of Pusa hydrogel. Therefore, application of Pusa hydrogel provided additional net returns of ` 5689/ha to the farmers over control. The application of Pusa hydrogel and six irrigations to wheat using sprinkler system can be advocated as sustainable strategy for enhancing productivity and profitability of wheat cultivation in semi-arid condition.
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Claims 19
Claim · model-written summary
Six irrigations maximized plant height and dry matter.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- six irrigationse0
- Outcome
- plant height (at harvest) and dry mattere0
- Direction
- maximume0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“application of six irrigations resulted in significantly maximum plant height (at harvest) and dry matter at 60, 90 DAS and harvest”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Six irrigations enhanced crop growth rate across growth intervals.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- six irrigationse0
- Outcome
- CGRe0
- Direction
- enhancede0
- Comparator
- control, three irrigations (at fixed interval) and three irrigations (at critical stages)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The application of six irrigations enhanced the CGR by the magnitude of 55.97, 23.36 and 27.55% (30-60 DAS), 42.87, 20.38 and 20.70% (60-90 DAS) and 71.09, 48.00 and 49.53% (90 DAS-at harvest) over control, three irrigations (at fixed interval) and three irrigations (at critical stages), respectively”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Pusa hydrogel increased plant height, dry matter and crop growth rate.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Pusa hydrogele0
- Outcome
- plant height, dry matter accumulation and CGRe0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The application of Pusa hydrogel resulted in significantly increased plant height, dry matter accumulation and CGR during all the growth stages”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Six irrigations produced 375.78 earheads per square meter.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- six irrigationse0
- Outcome
- number of earheadse0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 375.78/ m2e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The maximum number of earheads (375.78/ m2), spike length (10.82 cm), number of grains/ear (30.84) and test weight (40.95 g) were registered with application of six irrigations”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Six irrigations gave spike length of 10.82 cm.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- six irrigationse0
- Outcome
- spike lengthe0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 10.82 cme0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The maximum number of earheads (375.78/ m2), spike length (10.82 cm), number of grains/ear (30.84) and test weight (40.95 g) were registered with application of six irrigations”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Six irrigations gave 30.84 grains per ear.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- six irrigationse0
- Outcome
- number of grains/eare0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 30.84e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The maximum number of earheads (375.78/ m2), spike length (10.82 cm), number of grains/ear (30.84) and test weight (40.95 g) were registered with application of six irrigations”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Six irrigations gave test weight of 40.95 g.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- six irrigationse0
- Outcome
- test weighte0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 40.95 ge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The maximum number of earheads (375.78/ m2), spike length (10.82 cm), number of grains/ear (30.84) and test weight (40.95 g) were registered with application of six irrigations”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Pusa hydrogel improved effective tillers by 3.61-7.31%.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Pusa hydrogele0
- Outcome
- effective tillerse0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Value
- 3.61-7.31%e0
- Comparator
- control and Herbal hydrogele0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pusa hydrogel improved the effective tillers by 3.61-7.31% and spike length by 8.20-15.70% over control and Herbal hydrogel”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Pusa hydrogel improved spike length by 8.20-15.70%.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Pusa hydrogele0
- Outcome
- spike lengthe0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Value
- 8.20-15.70%e0
- Comparator
- control and Herbal hydrogele0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pusa hydrogel improved the effective tillers by 3.61-7.31% and spike length by 8.20-15.70% over control and Herbal hydrogel”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Six irrigations maximized grain yield at 4.74 t/ha.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- six irrigationse0
- Outcome
- graine0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 4.74 t/hae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The mean maximum grain (4.74 t/ha), straw (5.73 t/ha) and biological yield (10.47 t/ha) were recorded with application of six irrigations”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Six irrigations maximized straw yield at 5.73 t/ha.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- six irrigationse0
- Outcome
- strawe0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 5.73 t/hae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The mean maximum grain (4.74 t/ha), straw (5.73 t/ha) and biological yield (10.47 t/ha) were recorded with application of six irrigations”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Six irrigations maximized biological yield at 10.47 t/ha.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- six irrigationse0
- Outcome
- biological yielde0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 10.47 t/hae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The mean maximum grain (4.74 t/ha), straw (5.73 t/ha) and biological yield (10.47 t/ha) were recorded with application of six irrigations”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Hydrogels enhanced grain, straw and biological yield.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Pusa and Herbal hydrogele0
- Outcome
- grain, straw and biological yielde0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Pusa and Herbal hydrogel enhanced the mean grain, straw and biological yield of wheat by 6.65-13.69%, 6.90-14.41% and 6.79-14.09%, respectively”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Six irrigations increased gross returns.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- six irrigationse0
- Outcome
- grosse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- control, three irrigation (at fixed interval) and three irrigation (at critical stages)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The application of six irrigations increased gross and net returns by magnitude of 64.14, 31.35 and 33.28% and 83.35, 42.25 and 44.98% over control, three irrigation (at fixed interval) and three irrigation (at critical stages), respectively”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Six irrigations increased net returns.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- six irrigationse0
- Outcome
- net returnse0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- control, three irrigation (at fixed interval) and three irrigation (at critical stages)e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The application of six irrigations increased gross and net returns by magnitude of 64.14, 31.35 and 33.28% and 83.35, 42.25 and 44.98% over control, three irrigation (at fixed interval) and three irrigation (at critical stages), respectively”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Pusa hydrogel gave the highest gross returns of 76924/ha.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Pusa hydrogele0
- Outcome
- gross returnse0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- ` 76924/hae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest gross returns (` 76924/ha) net returns (` 45548/ha) were recorded with application of Pusa hydrogel”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Pusa hydrogel gave highest net returns of 45548/ha.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Pusa hydrogele0
- Outcome
- net returnse0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- ` 45548/hae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest gross returns (` 76924/ha) net returns (` 45548/ha) were recorded with application of Pusa hydrogel”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Pusa hydrogel added 5689/ha net returns over control.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Pusa hydrogele0
- Outcome
- net returnse0
- Direction
- additionale0
- Value
- ` 5689/hae0
- Comparator
- controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“application of Pusa hydrogel provided additional net returns of ` 5689/ha to the farmers over control”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors advocate Pusa hydrogel and six irrigations by sprinkler for wheat in semi-arid conditions.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Outcome
- application of Pusa hydrogel and six irrigations to wheat using sprinkler systeme0
- Setting
- semi-arid conditione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The application of Pusa hydrogel and six irrigations to wheat using sprinkler system can be advocated as sustainable strategy for enhancing productivity and profitability of wheat cultivation in semi-arid condition”
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