Abstract
Programed cell death (PCD) plays fundamental roles in plant development and responses to environmental stresses. Here, we report a protein, SICKLE (SIC), which represses PCD. In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), the loss-of-function mutant of SIC, sic-4, hyperaccumulated lariat intronic RNAs (lariRNAs) and exhibited PCD. The gene encoding an RNA debranching enzyme 1 (DBR1), a rate-limiting enzyme for lariRNAs decay, was overexpressed to reduce the level of lariRNAs in the sic-4 mutant, which led to suppression of PCD. Meanwhile, another lariRNAs hyper-accumulating mutant, dbr1-2, also exhibited PCD, further indicating that sic-4 PCD is caused by hyper-accumulation of lariRNAs. Transcriptional profiling analyses revealed that the sic-4 mutation disturbed alternative splicing and decay of mRNAs associated with salicylic acid (SA) homeostasis, a well-known molecule functioning in PCD regulation. Moreover, SA is dramatically increased in sic-4 and the disruption of SA biosynthesis and signaling suppressed PCD in the mutant, demonstrating that SA functions downstream of sic-4. Taken together, our results demonstrate that SIC is involved in regulating SA-triggered PCD.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
SIC represses programmed cell death.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis
Arabidopsise1 - Gene
- SICKLE (SIC)e0
- Outcome
- PCDe0
- Direction
- repressese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“a protein, SICKLE (SIC), which represses PCD”
t0“SICKLE”
e1“In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana)”
Claim · model-written summary
The sic-4 mutant accumulated lariat intronic RNAs.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana)Arabidopsis thalianae0
- Material
- sic-4e0
- Gene
- SICe0
- Outcome
- lariat intronic RNAs (lariRNAs)e0
- Direction
- hyperaccumulatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), the loss-of-function mutant of SIC, sic-4, hyperaccumulated lariat intronic RNAs (lariRNAs) and exhibited PCD”
Claim · model-written summary
The sic-4 mutant exhibited PCD.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana)Arabidopsis thalianae0
- Material
- sic-4e0
- Outcome
- exhibited PCDe0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), the loss-of-function mutant of SIC, sic-4, hyperaccumulated lariat intronic RNAs (lariRNAs) and exhibited PCD”
Claim · model-written summary
DBR1 overexpression reduced lariRNAs in sic-4.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise1
- Material
- sic-4e0
- Treatment
- overexpressede0
- Gene
- DBR1e0
- Outcome
- level of lariRNAse0
- Direction
- reducee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The gene encoding an RNA debranching enzyme 1 (DBR1), a rate-limiting enzyme for lariRNAs decay, was overexpressed to reduce the level of lariRNAs in the sic-4 mutant, which led to suppression of PCD”
t0“SICKLE”
e1“In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana)”
Claim · model-written summary
DBR1 overexpression suppressed PCD in sic-4.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise1
- Material
- sic-4e0
- Treatment
- overexpressede0
- Gene
- DBR1e0
- Outcome
- PCDe0
- Direction
- suppressione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The gene encoding an RNA debranching enzyme 1 (DBR1), a rate-limiting enzyme for lariRNAs decay, was overexpressed to reduce the level of lariRNAs in the sic-4 mutant, which led to suppression of PCD”
t0“SICKLE”
e1“In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana)”
Claim · model-written summary
The dbr1-2 mutant exhibited PCD.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise1
- Material
- dbr1-2e0
- Outcome
- exhibited PCDe0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“another lariRNAs hyper-accumulating mutant, dbr1-2, also exhibited PCD”
t0“SICKLE”
e1“In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana)”
Claim · model-written summary
The sic-4 mutation disturbed splicing and decay of mRNAs associated with SA homeostasis.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise1
- Material
- sic-4e0
- Compound
- salicylic acid (SA)e0
- Outcome
- alternative splicing and decay of mRNAse0
- Direction
- disturbede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the sic-4 mutation disturbed alternative splicing and decay of mRNAs associated with salicylic acid (SA) homeostasis”
t0“SICKLE”
e1“In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana)”
Claim · model-written summary
SA increased dramatically in sic-4.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise1
- Material
- sic-4e0
- Outcome
- SAe0
- Direction
- dramatically increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“SA is dramatically increased in sic-4”
t0“SICKLE”
e1“In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana)”
Claim · model-written summary
Disrupting SA biosynthesis and signaling suppressed PCD in sic-4.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise1
- Treatment
- disruption of SA biosynthesis and signalinge0
- Outcome
- PCDe0
- Direction
- suppressede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the disruption of SA biosynthesis and signaling suppressed PCD in the mutant”
t0“SICKLE”
e1“In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana)”
Claim · model-written summary
SIC regulates SA-triggered PCD.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise1
- Gene
- SICe0
- Compound
- SAe0
- Outcome
- SA-triggered PCDe0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“SIC is involved in regulating SA-triggered PCD”
t0“SICKLE”
e1“In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana)”
The same questions in other papers
salicylic acid · cytology · ArabidopsisPositive and negative results
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See all 48 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.