Abstract
Aims: This study aimed to examine the effect of magnetite coating of salicylic acid and Cu metal nanoparticles on yield, cellular contents, and some biochemical constituents of wheat subjected to heat stress. Background: An applied experiment was conducted over two seasons at the Agricultural Experimental Station of Desert Research Center (DRC), which was supervised by the El Wadi El Gadeed Governorate in Egypt. The grains of wheat cultivars Sids1 (tolerant) and Gimmeza7 (sensitive) were treated with copper metal as NPs (Cu NPs) (0.25, 0.50, 0.75, 1.0, and 10 ppm) and magnetite NPs (0.25, 0.50, 0.75, 1.0 and 10 ppm) coated with salicylic acid at 100ppm (Fe NPs+SA). Objective: The objective of this study was to examine wheat tolerance to heat stress and subsequently yield by comparing two wheat cultivars under the same conditions. Method: The chemically formulated nanoparticles were well characterized and applied in two wheat cultivars subjected to heat stress. Results: The results showed that all NPs treatments had a positive impact on all physiological parameters and grain yield. Sids1 surpassed Gemmeiza7 in the quality of wheat grains (essential, nonessential amino acids). However, Gimmeza7 exceeded Sids1 in yield quantity, especially with the application of SA+Fe NPs at 0.50 ppm. These effects were associated with heat tolerance and the best survival in wheat cultivars. There was an increase in glutathione content, antioxidant enzymes (Glutathione -S- Transferase), and/or a decline in malondialdehyde content. Conclusion: Fe NPs+SA (0.5ppm) helped the Gimmeza7 cultivar to mitigate the effects of heat stress through activating growth, glutathione, and glutathione S transferase, enhancing yield quantity in two wheat cultivars (Misr1 and Gimmeza11), and decreasing their MDA content.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Nanoparticle treatments improved wheat physiological parameters under heat stress.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- all NPs treatmentse0
- Outcome
- all physiological parameterse0
- Direction
- positive impacte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“all NPs treatments had a positive impact on all physiological parameters and grain yield”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Nanoparticle treatments improved wheat grain yield under heat stress.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- all NPs treatmentse0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- positive impacte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“all NPs treatments had a positive impact on all physiological parameters and grain yield”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Sids1 exceeded Gemmeiza7 in essential and nonessential grain amino acids.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Material
- Sids1e0
- Outcome
- essential, nonessential amino acidse0
- Direction
- surpassede0
- Comparator
- Gemmeiza7e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sids1 surpassed Gemmeiza7 in the quality of wheat grains (essential, nonessential amino acids)”
Claim · model-written summary
Gimmeza7 exceeded Sids1 in yield quantity, especially with SA+Fe NPs at 0.50 ppm.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- Gimmeza7e0
- Treatment
- SA+Fe NPs at 0.50 ppme0
- Outcome
- yield quantitye0
- Direction
- exceedede0
- Comparator
- Sids1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Gimmeza7 exceeded Sids1 in yield quantity, especially with the application of SA+Fe NPs at 0.50 ppm”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The treatments were associated with heat tolerance and survival in wheat cultivars.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Outcome
- heat tolerance and the best survivale0
- Direction
- beste0
- Qualifier
- These effectse0
Not reportedTreatment
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“These effects were associated with heat tolerance and the best survival in wheat cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat glutathione content increased.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- glutathione contente0
- Direction
- increasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“There was an increase in glutathione content, antioxidant enzymes (Glutathione -S- Transferase), and/or a decline in malondialdehyde content”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat glutathione S transferase activity increased.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Gene
- Glutathione -S- Transferasee0
- Outcome
- antioxidant enzymes (Glutathione -S- Transferase)e0
- Direction
- increasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“There was an increase in glutathione content, antioxidant enzymes (Glutathione -S- Transferase), and/or a decline in malondialdehyde content”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Wheat malondialdehyde content declined.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- malondialdehyde contente0
- Direction
- declinee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“There was an increase in glutathione content, antioxidant enzymes (Glutathione -S- Transferase), and/or a decline in malondialdehyde content”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Fe NPs+SA at 0.5 ppm helped Gimmeza7 mitigate heat stress through growth and glutathione responses.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- Gimmeza7e0
- Treatment
- Fe NPs+SA (0.5ppm)e0
- Outcome
- mitigate the effects of heat stresse0
- Qualifier
- activating growth, glutathione, and glutathione S transferasee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Fe NPs+SA (0.5ppm) helped the Gimmeza7 cultivar to mitigate the effects of heat stress through activating growth, glutathione, and glutathione S transferase”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Fe NPs+SA at 0.5 ppm enhanced yield quantity in Misr1 and Gimmeza11.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Material
- Misr1 and Gimmeza11e0
- Treatment
- Fe NPs+SA (0.5ppm)t1
- Outcome
- yield quantitye0
- Direction
- enhancinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“enhancing yield quantity in two wheat cultivars (Misr1 and Gimmeza11)”
t1“Fe NPs+SA (0.5ppm)”
Claim · model-written summary
Fe NPs+SA at 0.5 ppm decreased MDA content in Misr1 and Gimmeza11.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- Misr1 and Gimmeza11e1
- Treatment
- Fe NPs+SA (0.5ppm)e2
- Outcome
- MDA contente0
- Direction
- decreasinge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“and decreasing their MDA content”
t0“Wheat”
e1“Misr1 and Gimmeza11”
e2“Fe NPs+SA (0.5ppm)”
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