Abstract
Tomato early blight disease caused by pathogen Alternaria solani is broadly distributed and responsible for severe crop yield loses worldwide. In sustainable agriculture, use of biological agents is an imperative module approach against drastic plant hackers as they facilitate to fight off against phytopathogens by the accumulation of phenolic compounds and defensive enzymes such as Peroxidase (PO), Polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL). The phylloplane isolates viz, Trichoderma spp. (PF2 and PRF1), Bacillus subtilis (MNB2), Bacillus mojavensis (TB1) and Ochrobactrum sp. (EB1) were evaluated for their antagonistic effect against Alternaria solani in a pot culture experiment. Increased enzymes activity of PO, PPO and PAL was observed in all the treated plants which lead to induced systemic resistance (ISR). Among the antagonists treatments, Trichoderma sp. (PF2) followed by Bacillus subtilis (MNB2) gave the highest activity of oxidative enzymes with good attributes of growth and yield parameters compared to the Control. Foliar application of aforementioned antagonists resulted in disease reduction and improved plant growth in tomato plant. The tested phylloplane isolates may consider as an ideal bio-agents that play a pivotal role in disease management of early blight of tomato plants through induction of induced systemic resistance.
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Claims 9
Claim · model-written summary
Antagonist treatment increased PO, PPO and PAL activity in tomato plants.
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicumt0 - Treatment
- all the treated plantse0
- Outcome
- enzymes activity of PO, PPO and PALe0
- Direction
- Increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increased enzymes activity of PO, PPO and PAL was observed in all the treated plants”
t0“tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The increased defense enzyme activity was reported to induce systemic resistance in tomato.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Outcome
- induced systemic resistance (ISR)e0
- Qualifier
- Increased enzymes activity of PO, PPO and PALe0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Increased enzymes activity of PO, PPO and PAL was observed in all the treated plants which lead to induced systemic resistance (ISR)”
t0“tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Trichoderma sp. (PF2) gave the highest oxidative enzyme activity among antagonist treatments.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Trichoderma sp. (PF2)e0
- Interactor
- Trichoderma sp. (PF2)
Trichoderma sp.e0biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- activity of oxidative enzymese0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Comparator
- the Controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Trichoderma sp. (PF2) followed by Bacillus subtilis (MNB2) gave the highest activity of oxidative enzymes with good attributes of growth and yield parameters compared to the Control”
t0“tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Bacillus subtilis (MNB2) followed Trichoderma sp. (PF2) in oxidative enzyme activity.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Bacillus subtilis (MNB2)e0
- Interactor
- Bacillus subtilis (MNB2)
Bacillus subtilise0biocontrol_agent - Outcome
- activity of oxidative enzymese0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Comparator
- the Controle0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Trichoderma sp. (PF2) followed by Bacillus subtilis (MNB2) gave the highest activity of oxidative enzymes with good attributes of growth and yield parameters compared to the Control”
t0“tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Trichoderma sp. (PF2) treatment showed favorable tomato growth and yield attributes compared with the control.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Trichoderma sp. (PF2)e0
- Interactor
- Trichoderma sp. (PF2)Trichoderma sp.e0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- growth and yield parameterse0
- Comparator
- the Controle0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Trichoderma sp. (PF2) followed by Bacillus subtilis (MNB2) gave the highest activity of oxidative enzymes with good attributes of growth and yield parameters compared to the Control”
t0“tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Bacillus subtilis (MNB2) treatment showed favorable tomato growth and yield attributes compared with the control.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Bacillus subtilis (MNB2)e0
- Interactor
- Bacillus subtilis (MNB2)Bacillus subtilise0biocontrol_agent
- Outcome
- growth and yield parameterse0
- Comparator
- the Controle0
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Trichoderma sp. (PF2) followed by Bacillus subtilis (MNB2) gave the highest activity of oxidative enzymes with good attributes of growth and yield parameters compared to the Control”
t0“tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar antagonist application reduced tomato early blight disease.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
- Treatment
- Foliar application of aforementioned antagonistse0
- Interactor
- Alternaria solani
Alternaria solanit0pathogen - Outcome
- diseasee0
- Direction
- reductione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Foliar application of aforementioned antagonists resulted in disease reduction and improved plant growth in tomato plant”
t0“Alternaria solani in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Foliar antagonist application improved tomato plant growth.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Treatment
- Foliar application of aforementioned antagonistse0
- Outcome
- plant growthe0
- Direction
- improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Foliar application of aforementioned antagonists resulted in disease reduction and improved plant growth in tomato plant”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors consider the phylloplane isolates suitable biocontrol agents for tomato early blight management.
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
- Outcome
- disease management of early blighte0
- Qualifier
- through induction of induced systemic resistancee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The tested phylloplane isolates may consider as an ideal bio-agents that play a pivotal role in disease management of early blight of tomato plants through induction of induced systemic resistance”
The same questions in other papers
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- no effect
- positive
- positive
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1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
Trichoderma · physiology: enzyme activity · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
Bacillus subtilis · yield · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results agree
18 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
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See all 19 papers →biocontrol · growth · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
27 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- positive
- positive
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See all 29 papers →application · growth · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Positive and negative results
224 papers in the same direction as this paper · 26 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- negative
- negative
249 papers more in this group
See all 253 papers →biocontrol · Alternaria solani · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results agree
7 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
4 papers more in this group
See all 8 papers →application · Alternaria solani · Solanum lycopersicum (tomato)Results agree
21 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
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See all 22 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.