Abstract
In this study, the effectiveness of preharvest fertigation using calcium thiosulfate (CaTS) and potassium thiosulfate (KTS) to enhance the shelf life of bell peppers was investigated. The nutrient solution was enriched with KTS (either 0.26 or 0.53 mM of a commercial formulation) or CaTS (0.66 mM of a commercial formulation), and compared to a commercial source-based nutrient solution as a control. Fruit quality attributes and the activity of key enzymes involved in oxidative stress defense, enzymatic browning, cell wall degradation, and membrane lipid degradation were investigated for 30 days of storage. Results showed that CaTS and KTS treatments preserved protein (a secondary energy reserve) and proline content, and enhanced the fruit's PSII activity throughout storage. Despite increased phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity, CaTS and KTS fertigation did not affect polyphenol oxidase activity. CaTS and KTS fertigation increased the activity of five (out of seven) antioxidant enzymes and impaired the activity of one (out of two) cell wall hydrolytic enzyme. CaTS was the most effective treatment, followed by KTS (0.53 mM), in causing these promotive effects. In conclusion, preharvest application of CaTS (0.66 mM) and KTS (0.53 mM) prolonged the postharvest life and delayed senescence of bell pepper fruits by preserving fruit weight, firmness, and photosynthetic performance, as well as enhancing the antioxidant defense system.
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Claims 12
Claim · model-written summary
CaTS and KTS fertigation preserved protein content in bell pepper fruit throughout storage.
Verbatim
t0“bell peppers”
e1“The nutrient solution was enriched with KTS (either 0.26 or 0.53 mM of a commercial formulation) or CaTS (0.66 mM of a commercial formulation), and compared to a commercial source-based nutrient solution as a control”
e2“Results showed that CaTS and KTS treatments preserved protein (a secondary energy reserve) and proline content, and enhanced the fruit's PSII activity throughout storage”
Claim · model-written summary
CaTS and KTS fertigation preserved proline content in bell pepper fruit throughout storage.
Verbatim
t0“bell peppers”
e1“The nutrient solution was enriched with KTS (either 0.26 or 0.53 mM of a commercial formulation) or CaTS (0.66 mM of a commercial formulation), and compared to a commercial source-based nutrient solution as a control”
e2“Results showed that CaTS and KTS treatments preserved protein (a secondary energy reserve) and proline content, and enhanced the fruit's PSII activity throughout storage”
Claim · model-written summary
CaTS and KTS fertigation enhanced PSII activity of bell pepper fruit throughout storage.
Verbatim
t0“bell peppers”
e1“The nutrient solution was enriched with KTS (either 0.26 or 0.53 mM of a commercial formulation) or CaTS (0.66 mM of a commercial formulation), and compared to a commercial source-based nutrient solution as a control”
e2“Results showed that CaTS and KTS treatments preserved protein (a secondary energy reserve) and proline content, and enhanced the fruit's PSII activity throughout storage”
Claim · model-written summary
CaTS and KTS fertigation increased phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity in bell pepper fruit.
Verbatim
t0“bell peppers”
e1“The nutrient solution was enriched with KTS (either 0.26 or 0.53 mM of a commercial formulation) or CaTS (0.66 mM of a commercial formulation), and compared to a commercial source-based nutrient solution as a control”
e3“Despite increased phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity, CaTS and KTS fertigation did not affect polyphenol oxidase activity”
Claim · model-written summary
CaTS and KTS fertigation did not affect polyphenol oxidase activity in bell pepper fruit.
Verbatim
t0“bell peppers”
e1“The nutrient solution was enriched with KTS (either 0.26 or 0.53 mM of a commercial formulation) or CaTS (0.66 mM of a commercial formulation), and compared to a commercial source-based nutrient solution as a control”
e3“Despite increased phenylalanine ammonia-lyase activity, CaTS and KTS fertigation did not affect polyphenol oxidase activity”
Claim · model-written summary
CaTS and KTS fertigation increased the activity of five of seven antioxidant enzymes in bell pepper fruit.
Verbatim
t0“bell peppers”
e1“The nutrient solution was enriched with KTS (either 0.26 or 0.53 mM of a commercial formulation) or CaTS (0.66 mM of a commercial formulation), and compared to a commercial source-based nutrient solution as a control”
e4“CaTS and KTS fertigation increased the activity of five (out of seven) antioxidant enzymes and impaired the activity of one (out of two) cell wall hydrolytic enzyme”
Claim · model-written summary
CaTS and KTS fertigation impaired the activity of one of two cell wall hydrolytic enzymes in bell pepper fruit.
Verbatim
t0“bell peppers”
e1“The nutrient solution was enriched with KTS (either 0.26 or 0.53 mM of a commercial formulation) or CaTS (0.66 mM of a commercial formulation), and compared to a commercial source-based nutrient solution as a control”
e4“CaTS and KTS fertigation increased the activity of five (out of seven) antioxidant enzymes and impaired the activity of one (out of two) cell wall hydrolytic enzyme”
Claim · model-written summary
CaTS was the most effective treatment, followed by KTS at 0.53 mM, in promoting the effects.
Verbatim
t0“bell peppers”
e5“CaTS was the most effective treatment, followed by KTS (0.53 mM), in causing these promotive effects”
Claim · model-written summary
Preharvest application of CaTS and KTS prolonged the postharvest life of bell pepper fruit.
Verbatim
t0“bell peppers”
e1“The nutrient solution was enriched with KTS (either 0.26 or 0.53 mM of a commercial formulation) or CaTS (0.66 mM of a commercial formulation), and compared to a commercial source-based nutrient solution as a control”
e6“preharvest application of CaTS (0.66 mM) and KTS (0.53 mM) prolonged the postharvest life and delayed senescence of bell pepper fruits by preserving fruit weight, firmness, and photosynthetic performance, as well as enhancing the antioxidant defense system”
Claim · model-written summary
Preharvest application of CaTS and KTS delayed senescence of bell pepper fruit.
Verbatim
t0“bell peppers”
e1“The nutrient solution was enriched with KTS (either 0.26 or 0.53 mM of a commercial formulation) or CaTS (0.66 mM of a commercial formulation), and compared to a commercial source-based nutrient solution as a control”
e6“preharvest application of CaTS (0.66 mM) and KTS (0.53 mM) prolonged the postharvest life and delayed senescence of bell pepper fruits by preserving fruit weight, firmness, and photosynthetic performance, as well as enhancing the antioxidant defense system”
Claim · model-written summary
Preharvest application of CaTS and KTS preserved fruit weight, firmness and photosynthetic performance of bell pepper.
Verbatim
t0“bell peppers”
e1“The nutrient solution was enriched with KTS (either 0.26 or 0.53 mM of a commercial formulation) or CaTS (0.66 mM of a commercial formulation), and compared to a commercial source-based nutrient solution as a control”
e6“preharvest application of CaTS (0.66 mM) and KTS (0.53 mM) prolonged the postharvest life and delayed senescence of bell pepper fruits by preserving fruit weight, firmness, and photosynthetic performance, as well as enhancing the antioxidant defense system”
Claim · model-written summary
Preharvest application of CaTS and KTS enhanced the antioxidant defense system of bell pepper fruit.
Verbatim
t0“bell peppers”
e1“The nutrient solution was enriched with KTS (either 0.26 or 0.53 mM of a commercial formulation) or CaTS (0.66 mM of a commercial formulation), and compared to a commercial source-based nutrient solution as a control”
e6“preharvest application of CaTS (0.66 mM) and KTS (0.53 mM) prolonged the postharvest life and delayed senescence of bell pepper fruits by preserving fruit weight, firmness, and photosynthetic performance, as well as enhancing the antioxidant defense system”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.