Abstract
Banana Fusarium wilt, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense tropical race 4 (Foc TR4), is a major disease of banana plants worldwide. Effector proteins play critical roles in banana-Foc TR4 interaction. Our previous studies highlighted a ribonuclease protein belonging to the T2 family (named as FocRnt2) in the Foc TR4 secretome, which was predicted to be an effector. However, its biological function in Foc TR4 infection is still unclear. Herein, we observed significant expression of FocRnt2 during the early stage of fungal infection in planta. A yeast signal sequence trap assay showed that FocRnt2 contained a functional signal peptide for secretion. FocRnt2 possessed ribonuclease activity that could degrade the banana total RNA in vitro. Subcellular localization showed that FocRnt2 was localized in the nucleus and cytoplasm of Nicotiana benthamiana leaves. Transient expression of FocRnt2 suppressed the expression of salicylic acid- and jasmonic acid-signalling marker genes, reactive oxygen species accumulation, and BAX-mediated cell death in N. benthamiana. FocRnt2 deletion limited fungal penetration, reduced fusaric acid biosynthesis in Foc TR4, and attenuated fungal virulence against banana plants, but had little effect on Foc TR4 growth and sensitivity to various stresses. Furthermore, FocRnt2 deletion mutants induced higher expression of the defence-related genes in banana plants. These results suggest that FocRnt2 plays an important role in full virulence of Foc TR4, further improving our understanding of effector-mediated Foc TR4 pathogenesis.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
FocRnt2 expression was significant early in plant infection.
Not reportedInteractor
Verbatim
e0“we observed significant expression of FocRnt2 during the early stage of fungal infection in planta”
e1“banana plants worldwide”
Claim · model-written summary
FocRnt2 had a functional secretion signal peptide.
Verbatim
e0“FocRnt2 contained a functional signal peptide for secretion”
e1“banana plants worldwide”
Claim · model-written summary
FocRnt2 degraded banana total RNA in vitro.
Verbatim
e0“FocRnt2 possessed ribonuclease activity that could degrade the banana total RNA in vitro”
Claim · model-written summary
FocRnt2 localized in the nucleus and cytoplasm of Nicotiana benthamiana leaves.
- Taxon
- Nicotiana benthamiana
Nicotiana benthamianae0 - Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Gene
- FocRnt2e0
- Outcome
- localized in the nucleus and cytoplasme0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“FocRnt2 was localized in the nucleus and cytoplasm of Nicotiana benthamiana leaves”
Claim · model-written summary
Transient FocRnt2 expression suppressed salicylic acid and jasmonic acid signaling marker genes.
- Taxon
- N. benthamianaNicotiana benthamianae0
- Treatment
- Transient expression of FocRnt2e0
- Gene
- FocRnt2e0
- Outcome
- expression of salicylic acid- and jasmonic acid-signalling marker genese0
- Direction
- suppressede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Transient expression of FocRnt2 suppressed the expression of salicylic acid- and jasmonic acid-signalling marker genes, reactive oxygen species accumulation, and BAX-mediated cell death in N. benthamiana”
Claim · model-written summary
Transient FocRnt2 expression suppressed reactive oxygen species accumulation.
- Taxon
- N. benthamianaNicotiana benthamianae0
- Treatment
- Transient expression of FocRnt2e0
- Gene
- FocRnt2e0
- Outcome
- reactive oxygen species accumulatione0
- Direction
- suppressede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Transient expression of FocRnt2 suppressed the expression of salicylic acid- and jasmonic acid-signalling marker genes, reactive oxygen species accumulation, and BAX-mediated cell death in N. benthamiana”
Claim · model-written summary
Transient FocRnt2 expression suppressed BAX-mediated cell death.
- Taxon
- N. benthamianaNicotiana benthamianae0
- Treatment
- Transient expression of FocRnt2e0
- Gene
- FocRnt2e0
- Outcome
- BAX-mediated cell deathe0
- Direction
- suppressede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Transient expression of FocRnt2 suppressed the expression of salicylic acid- and jasmonic acid-signalling marker genes, reactive oxygen species accumulation, and BAX-mediated cell death in N. benthamiana”
Claim · model-written summary
FocRnt2 deletion limited fungal penetration.
- Taxon
- banana plantse0
- Treatment
- FocRnt2 deletione0
- Interactor
- Foc TR4
_(38100977215).jpg?width=60)
Fusarium odoratissimume0pathogen - Outcome
- fungal penetratione0
- Direction
- limitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_(38100977215).jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“FocRnt2 deletion limited fungal penetration, reduced fusaric acid biosynthesis in Foc TR4, and attenuated fungal virulence against banana plants”
Claim · model-written summary
FocRnt2 deletion reduced fusaric acid biosynthesis in Foc TR4.
- Taxon
- banana plantse0
- Treatment
- FocRnt2 deletione0
- Interactor
- Foc TR4Fusarium odoratissimume0pathogen
- Outcome
- fusaric acid biosynthesis in Foc TR4e0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“FocRnt2 deletion limited fungal penetration, reduced fusaric acid biosynthesis in Foc TR4, and attenuated fungal virulence against banana plants”
Claim · model-written summary
FocRnt2 deletion attenuated fungal virulence against banana.
- Taxon
- banana plantse0
- Treatment
- FocRnt2 deletione0
- Interactor
- Foc TR4Fusarium odoratissimume0pathogen
- Outcome
- fungal virulence against banana plantse0
- Direction
- attenuatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“FocRnt2 deletion limited fungal penetration, reduced fusaric acid biosynthesis in Foc TR4, and attenuated fungal virulence against banana plants”
Claim · model-written summary
FocRnt2 deletion had little effect on fungal growth and stress sensitivity.
- Taxon
- banana plantse0
- Treatment
- FocRnt2 deletione0
- Interactor
- Foc TR4Fusarium odoratissimume0pathogen
- Outcome
- Foc TR4 growth and sensitivity to various stressese0
- Direction
- little effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“FocRnt2 deletion limited fungal penetration, reduced fusaric acid biosynthesis in Foc TR4, and attenuated fungal virulence against banana plants, but had little effect on Foc TR4 growth and sensitivity to various stresses”
Claim · model-written summary
Deletion mutants induced higher defense gene expression in banana.
- Taxon
- banana plantse0
- Treatment
- FocRnt2 deletion mutantse0
- Outcome
- expression of the defence-related genese0
- Direction
- highere0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“FocRnt2 deletion mutants induced higher expression of the defence-related genes in banana plants”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors interpret FocRnt2 as contributing to full Foc TR4 virulence.
- Taxon
- banana plantse1
- Interactor
- Foc TR4Fusarium odoratissimume0pathogen
- Gene
- FocRnt2e0
- Outcome
- full virulence of Foc TR4e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“FocRnt2 plays an important role in full virulence of Foc TR4”
e1“banana plants worldwide”
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