Abstract
Abstract Drought stress (DS) substantially reduces plant growth and productivity in a rainfed cropping environment. Silicon (Si) has been recognized for its potential to alleviate the detrimental effects of various environmental stresses. However, its precise mechanisms in mitigating early growth DS and its impact on related physiological and biochemical attributes remain less understood. The present study, conducted in a glasshouse using a complete randomized design with four replications, was aimed to explore the role of pre-sowing Si treatment on two contrasting wheat cultivars (RAC875, drought-tolerant; Kukri, drought-susceptible) in mitigating the physiological and biochemical disruptions induced by early growth DS (14 days at 38 ± 3% pot field capacity). The results showed that Si treatment significantly increased the number of productive tillers and fresh weight in both cultivars under DS. Compared to the control (DS without Si treatment), Si treatment significantly enhanced chlorophyll content (RAC875, 8.7%; Kukri, 12.7%), relative water content (RAC875, 10.8%; Kukri, 18.1%), and chlorophyll fluorescence (RAC875, 10.1%; Kukri, 22.3%) under DS conditions. Additionally, Si treatment increased total soluble sugars, fructose content, and free amino acids while reducing proline content and lipid peroxidation concentrations in both cultivars under DS. Moreover, Si treatment significantly boosted cellular antioxidant activities, including ascorbate peroxidase (RAC875, 11.3%; Kukri, 9.2%), catalase (RAC875, 22.2%; Kukri, 25.5%), and peroxidase (RAC875, 19%; Kukri, 15.8%) under DS. Overall, these results show that Si effectively alleviates early growth DS by up-regulating antioxidants, osmoprotectants, and the photochemical process, thereby improving plant growth and productivity through enhanced photosynthesis.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon treatment increased the number of productive tillers and fresh weight of wheat under drought stress in both cultivars.
- Taxon
- bread wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- Si treatmente1
- Outcome
- number of productive tillers and fresh weighte1
- Direction
- increasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Si treatment significantly increased the number of productive tillers and fresh weight in both cultivars under DS”
t0“two contrasting bread wheat cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon treatment enhanced chlorophyll content under drought stress, by 8.7% in RAC875 and 12.7% in Kukri.
- Taxon
- bread wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Si treatmente1
- Outcome
- chlorophyll contente1
- Direction
- enhancede1
- Value
- RAC875, 8.7%; Kukri, 12.7%e1
- Comparator
- control (DS without Si treatment)e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Compared to the control (DS without Si treatment), Si treatment significantly enhanced chlorophyll content (RAC875, 8.7%; Kukri, 12.7%), relative water content (RAC875, 10.8%; Kukri, 18.1%), and chlorophyll fluorescence (RAC875, 10.1%; Kukri, 22.3%) under DS conditions”
t0“two contrasting bread wheat cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon treatment enhanced relative water content under drought stress, by 10.8% in RAC875 and 18.1% in Kukri.
- Taxon
- bread wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Si treatmente1
- Outcome
- relative water contente1
- Direction
- enhancede1
- Value
- RAC875, 10.8%; Kukri, 18.1%e1
- Comparator
- control (DS without Si treatment)e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Compared to the control (DS without Si treatment), Si treatment significantly enhanced chlorophyll content (RAC875, 8.7%; Kukri, 12.7%), relative water content (RAC875, 10.8%; Kukri, 18.1%), and chlorophyll fluorescence (RAC875, 10.1%; Kukri, 22.3%) under DS conditions”
t0“two contrasting bread wheat cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon treatment enhanced chlorophyll fluorescence under drought stress, by 10.1% in RAC875 and 22.3% in Kukri.
- Taxon
- bread wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Si treatmente1
- Outcome
- chlorophyll fluorescencee1
- Direction
- enhancede1
- Value
- RAC875, 10.1%; Kukri, 22.3%e1
- Comparator
- control (DS without Si treatment)e1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Compared to the control (DS without Si treatment), Si treatment significantly enhanced chlorophyll content (RAC875, 8.7%; Kukri, 12.7%), relative water content (RAC875, 10.8%; Kukri, 18.1%), and chlorophyll fluorescence (RAC875, 10.1%; Kukri, 22.3%) under DS conditions”
t0“two contrasting bread wheat cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon treatment increased total soluble sugars, fructose content and free amino acids in wheat under drought stress.
- Taxon
- bread wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Si treatmente1
- Outcome
- total soluble sugars, fructose content, and free amino acidse1
- Direction
- increasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Additionally, Si treatment increased total soluble sugars, fructose content, and free amino acids while reducing proline content and lipid peroxidation concentrations in both cultivars under DS”
t0“two contrasting bread wheat cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon treatment reduced proline content and lipid peroxidation in wheat under drought stress.
- Taxon
- bread wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Si treatmente1
- Outcome
- proline content and lipid peroxidation concentrationse1
- Direction
- reducinge1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Additionally, Si treatment increased total soluble sugars, fructose content, and free amino acids while reducing proline content and lipid peroxidation concentrations in both cultivars under DS”
t0“two contrasting bread wheat cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon treatment boosted ascorbate peroxidase activity under drought stress, by 11.3% in RAC875 and 9.2% in Kukri.
- Taxon
- bread wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Si treatmente1
- Outcome
- ascorbate peroxidasee1
- Direction
- boostede1
- Value
- RAC875, 11.3%; Kukri, 9.2%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Moreover, Si treatment significantly boosted cellular antioxidant activities, including ascorbate peroxidase (RAC875, 11.3%; Kukri, 9.2%), catalase (RAC875, 22.2%; Kukri, 25.5%), and peroxidase (RAC875, 19%; Kukri, 15.8%) under DS”
t0“two contrasting bread wheat cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon treatment boosted catalase activity under drought stress, by 22.2% in RAC875 and 25.5% in Kukri.
- Taxon
- bread wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Si treatmente1
- Outcome
- catalasee1
- Direction
- boostede1
- Value
- RAC875, 22.2%; Kukri, 25.5%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Moreover, Si treatment significantly boosted cellular antioxidant activities, including ascorbate peroxidase (RAC875, 11.3%; Kukri, 9.2%), catalase (RAC875, 22.2%; Kukri, 25.5%), and peroxidase (RAC875, 19%; Kukri, 15.8%) under DS”
t0“two contrasting bread wheat cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon treatment boosted peroxidase activity under drought stress, by 19% in RAC875 and 15.8% in Kukri.
- Taxon
- bread wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Si treatmente1
- Outcome
- peroxidasee1
- Direction
- boostede1
- Value
- RAC875, 19%; Kukri, 15.8%e1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“Moreover, Si treatment significantly boosted cellular antioxidant activities, including ascorbate peroxidase (RAC875, 11.3%; Kukri, 9.2%), catalase (RAC875, 22.2%; Kukri, 25.5%), and peroxidase (RAC875, 19%; Kukri, 15.8%) under DS”
t0“two contrasting bread wheat cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon alleviates early growth drought stress in wheat by up-regulating antioxidants, osmoprotectants and photochemistry, improving growth through enhanced photosynthesis.
- Taxon
- bread wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- plant growth and productivitye1
- Qualifier
- through enhanced photosynthesise1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“by up-regulating antioxidants, osmoprotectants, and the photochemical process, thereby improving plant growth and productivity through enhanced photosynthesis”
t0“two contrasting bread wheat cultivars”
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