Abstract
Water is the basic unit for sustaining healthy plant life. Limited or unavailability of water leads to ultimate plant death. Drought severely affects the yield of wheat, especially when it occurs at the critical growth stages like tillering and anthesis. Therefore, attempts have been and being made to develop measures to combat the drought effects in wheat. This study investigated the sole and/or integrated use of Iron (Fe) and Zinc (Zn) spray on growth and yield of Wheat under drought stress. Drought was created at the tillering and anthesis stages by withholding the irrigation. At both these stages, different doses of Zn and Fe were applied alone and/or in combination. Results revealed that drought stress significantly (P<0.05) reduced the 1000- grain weight (30 vs. 42g), number of grains per spike (27 vs. 62), spike length (11 vs. 17cm), number of spikelets per spike (22 vs. 9) physiological (leaf chlorophyll content, stomatal conductance & photosynthetic rate) and water related traits. Combine application of Fe and Zn to wheat under drought significantly increased the 1000 grain weight (40g), seed yield (5350 kg/ha), relative water content, leaf osmotic potential, leaf water potential, protein content (16%) and spike length (16cm). The Zn was more effective in mitigating the ill impacts of drought as compared to the Fe alone. While, combine spray of both Zn and Fe, gave best results as compared to the sole application of either nutrient. Results of this study lead us to conclude that both Zn and Fe have the ability to compensate the detrimental effects caused by drought stress and their combine use can be more useful as compared to their sole usage.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Drought significantly reduced 1000-grain weight from 42 to 30 g.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- drought stresse0
- Outcome
- 1000- grain weighte0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 30 vs. 42ge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“drought stress significantly (P<0.05) reduced the 1000- grain weight (30 vs. 42g)”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought significantly reduced grains per spike from 62 to 27.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- drought stresse0
- Outcome
- number of grains per spikee0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 27 vs. 62e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“drought stress significantly (P<0.05) reduced the 1000- grain weight (30 vs. 42g), number of grains per spike (27 vs. 62)”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought significantly reduced spike length from 17 to 11 cm.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- drought stresse0
- Outcome
- spike lengthe0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 11 vs. 17cme0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“drought stress significantly (P<0.05) reduced the 1000- grain weight (30 vs. 42g), number of grains per spike (27 vs. 62), spike length (11 vs. 17cm)”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The abstract reports reduced spikelets per spike under drought, although its values run oppositely.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- drought stresse0
- Outcome
- number of spikelets per spikee0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 22 vs. 9e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“drought stress significantly (P<0.05) reduced the 1000- grain weight (30 vs. 42g), number of grains per spike (27 vs. 62), spike length (11 vs. 17cm), number of spikelets per spike (22 vs. 9)”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought significantly reduced leaf chlorophyll, stomatal conductance and photosynthetic rate.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- drought stresse0
- Outcome
- leaf chlorophyll content, stomatal conductance & photosynthetic ratee0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“drought stress significantly (P<0.05) reduced the 1000- grain weight (30 vs. 42g), number of grains per spike (27 vs. 62), spike length (11 vs. 17cm), number of spikelets per spike (22 vs. 9) physiological (leaf chlorophyll content, stomatal conductance & photosynthetic rate)”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Drought significantly reduced water related traits.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- drought stresse0
- Outcome
- water related traitse0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“drought stress significantly (P<0.05) reduced the 1000- grain weight (30 vs. 42g), number of grains per spike (27 vs. 62), spike length (11 vs. 17cm), number of spikelets per spike (22 vs. 9) physiological (leaf chlorophyll content, stomatal conductance & photosynthetic rate) and water related traits”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined iron and zinc significantly increased 1000 grain weight to 40 g under drought.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Combine application of Fe and Zne0
- Outcome
- 1000 grain weighte0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 40ge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Combine application of Fe and Zn to wheat under drought significantly increased the 1000 grain weight (40g)”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined iron and zinc significantly increased seed yield to 5350 kg/ha under drought.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Combine application of Fe and Zne0
- Outcome
- seed yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 5350 kg/hae0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Combine application of Fe and Zn to wheat under drought significantly increased the 1000 grain weight (40g), seed yield (5350 kg/ha)”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined iron and zinc increased relative water content, osmotic potential and water potential under drought.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Combine application of Fe and Zne0
- Outcome
- relative water content, leaf osmotic potential, leaf water potentiale0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Combine application of Fe and Zn to wheat under drought significantly increased the 1000 grain weight (40g), seed yield (5350 kg/ha), relative water content, leaf osmotic potential, leaf water potential”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined iron and zinc increased protein content to 16% under drought.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Combine application of Fe and Zne0
- Outcome
- protein contente0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 16%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Combine application of Fe and Zn to wheat under drought significantly increased the 1000 grain weight (40g), seed yield (5350 kg/ha), relative water content, leaf osmotic potential, leaf water potential, protein content (16%)”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined iron and zinc increased spike length to 16 cm under drought.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Combine application of Fe and Zne0
- Outcome
- spike lengthe0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 16cme0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Combine application of Fe and Zn to wheat under drought significantly increased the 1000 grain weight (40g), seed yield (5350 kg/ha), relative water content, leaf osmotic potential, leaf water potential, protein content (16%) and spike length (16cm)”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc alone mitigated drought effects more effectively than iron alone.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Zne0
- Outcome
- mitigating the ill impacts of droughte0
- Direction
- more effectivee0
- Comparator
- Fe alonee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The Zn was more effective in mitigating the ill impacts of drought as compared to the Fe alone”
t0“wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined zinc and iron spray gave better results than either nutrient alone.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- combine spray of both Zn and Fee0
- Outcome
- best resultse0
- Direction
- beste0
- Comparator
- sole application of either nutriente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“combine spray of both Zn and Fe, gave best results as compared to the sole application of either nutrient”
t0“wheat”
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