sodium chloride · Growth · Sorghum

Results differ28 papers: 9 positive, 19 negative or no effect · 18 pairs of papers confirmed to differ

45 claims from these papers; 5 citations between them.

Papers whose results differ, checked claim by claim 18

18 pairs of papers on this question report results that differ: an effect in one paper, the opposite effect or no effect in the other. Two model reviewers reading both claims accepted each pair.

The Effect of Exposure to Ascending/Descending Imbibition Temperatures in Saline Solutions on Shoot and Root Growth Allocation in Germinating Sorghum Seed (2003)
no changeNaCl soaking did not improve root or shoot growth.
Ultrastructural and physiological changes in root cells of Sorghum plants (Sorghum bicolor x S. sudanensis cv. Sweet Sioux) induced by NaCl (1997)
decreaseNaCl salinity shortened the root growth region of Sorghum compared with no added NaCl.
What separates themSituation: not stated · salt stressCompare the two papers →
Physiological Basis of Salinity Tolerance of Sorghum Seeds During Germination (1995)
no changeSorghum germination was unchanged below 100 nM NaCl.
Seed Quality of Sorghum [Sorghum Bicolor (L.) Moesch] as Affected By Seed Priming and Storage (2021)
increaseSodium chloride priming increased sorghum germination in almost all varieties of each storage year.
What separates themSituation: not stated · seed primingCompare the two papers →
Differential responses of antioxidative defense system to NaCl in grain and forage sorghum during germination and seedling establishment (2018)
no changeNaCl did not change sorghum seed germination compared with deionized water.
Deciphering Reserve Mobilization, Antioxidant Potential, and Expression Analysis of Starch Synthesis in Sorghum Seedlings under Salt Stress (2021)
decreaseSalinity reduced sorghum germination by 46% at 140 mM NaCl.
What separates themDose: 50000 µM · 1.4e+05 µMSituation: not stated · salt stressCompare the two papers →
Comparison of Young Seedling Growth and Sodium Distribution amongSorghumPlants under Salt Stress (2013)
decreaseNaCl reduced plant dry weight in all cultivars.
Effect of NaCl at Low Concentration on Growth of Sorghum (2010)
increaseLow NaCl increased sorghum fresh weight by 23.2% compared with the control.
The records name no dose, test system or situation that separates the two claims.Compare the two papers →
The Effect of Exposure to Ascending/Descending Imbibition Temperatures in Saline Solutions on Shoot and Root Growth Allocation in Germinating Sorghum Seed (2003)
no changeNaCl soaking did not improve root or shoot growth.
Sorghum Seedling Growth as a Function of Sodium Chloride Salinity and Seed Size (1983)
decreaseSodium chloride salinity from 0 to 90 mM inhibited sorghum seedling growth.
What separates themSituation: not stated · salt stressCompare the two papers →
The Effect of Exposure to Ascending/Descending Imbibition Temperatures in Saline Solutions on Shoot and Root Growth Allocation in Germinating Sorghum Seed (2003)
no changeNaCl soaking did not improve root or shoot growth.
Exogenous jasmonic acid and humic acid increased salinity tolerance of sorghum (2020)
decreaseNaCl salinity reduced seedling growth parameters.
What separates themSituation: not stated · salt stressCompare the two papers →

Show 12 more pairs

Physiological Basis of Salinity Tolerance of Sorghum Seeds During Germination (1995)
no changeSorghum germination was unchanged below 100 nM NaCl.
Multilevel analysis of salt stress responses in sorghum during seed germination (2026)
decreaseSalt stress significantly reduced germination traits (germination index, rate and vigor) of sorghum accessions relative to control conditions
What separates themDose: 0–0.1 µM · 1.5e+05 µMSituation: not stated · salt stressCompare the two papers →
Effect of NaCl Stress on Germination Characteristic of Sorghum Seed (2012)
decreaseNaCl delayed initial germination time.
Seed Quality of Sorghum [Sorghum Bicolor (L.) Moesch] as Affected By Seed Priming and Storage (2021)
increaseSodium chloride priming increased sorghum germination in almost all varieties of each storage year.
What separates themSituation: not stated · seed primingCompare the two papers →
Genotypic Variation Among Sorghum Cultivars for Seed Vigor, Salt and Drought Stresses (2017)
decreaseGermination was delayed in NaCl solution.
Seed Quality of Sorghum [Sorghum Bicolor (L.) Moesch] as Affected By Seed Priming and Storage (2021)
increaseSodium chloride priming increased sorghum germination in almost all varieties of each storage year.
What separates themSituation: not stated · seed primingCompare the two papers →
The Effect of Exposure to Ascending/Descending Imbibition Temperatures in Saline Solutions on Shoot and Root Growth Allocation in Germinating Sorghum Seed (2003)
no changeNaCl soaking did not improve root or shoot growth.
EFFECT OF DIFFERENT SALT CONCENTRATION OF SORGHUM PLANT GROWTH (2022)
decreasePlant growth decreased at high NaCl concentration.
The records name no dose, test system or situation that separates the two claims.Compare the two papers →
Selective Transport Capacity for K⁺and Ca²⁺ over Na⁺ of Leaf Sheath is Correlated with Salt Tolerance of Energy Plant Sweet Sorghum (2013)
decreaseNaCl stress reduced leaf sheath and blade fresh weight in both varieties.
Effect of NaCl at Low Concentration on Growth of Sorghum (2010)
increaseLow NaCl increased sorghum fresh weight by 23.2% compared with the control.
The records name no dose, test system or situation that separates the two claims.Compare the two papers →
Physiological Basis of Salinity Tolerance of Sorghum Seeds During Germination (1995)
no changeSorghum germination was unchanged below 100 nM NaCl.
Deciphering Reserve Mobilization, Antioxidant Potential, and Expression Analysis of Starch Synthesis in Sorghum Seedlings under Salt Stress (2021)
decreaseSalinity reduced sorghum germination by 46% at 140 mM NaCl.
What separates themDose: 0–0.1 µM · 1.4e+05 µMSituation: not stated · salt stressCompare the two papers →
Differential responses of antioxidative defense system to NaCl in grain and forage sorghum during germination and seedling establishment (2018)
no changeNaCl did not change sorghum seed germination compared with deionized water.
Seed Quality of Sorghum [Sorghum Bicolor (L.) Moesch] as Affected By Seed Priming and Storage (2021)
increaseSodium chloride priming increased sorghum germination in almost all varieties of each storage year.
What separates themSituation: not stated · seed primingCompare the two papers →
Differential responses of antioxidative defense system to NaCl in grain and forage sorghum during germination and seedling establishment (2018)
no changeNaCl did not change sorghum seed germination compared with deionized water.
Multilevel analysis of salt stress responses in sorghum during seed germination (2026)
decreaseSalt stress significantly reduced germination traits (germination index, rate and vigor) of sorghum accessions relative to control conditions
What separates themDose: 50000 µM · 1.5e+05 µMSituation: not stated · salt stressCompare the two papers →
Seed Quality of Sorghum [Sorghum Bicolor (L.) Moesch] as Affected By Seed Priming and Storage (2021)
increaseSodium chloride priming increased sorghum germination in almost all varieties of each storage year.
Deciphering Reserve Mobilization, Antioxidant Potential, and Expression Analysis of Starch Synthesis in Sorghum Seedlings under Salt Stress (2021)
decreaseSalinity reduced sorghum germination by 46% at 140 mM NaCl.
What separates themSituation: seed priming · salt stressCompare the two papers →
Seed Quality of Sorghum [Sorghum Bicolor (L.) Moesch] as Affected By Seed Priming and Storage (2021)
increaseSodium chloride priming increased sorghum germination in almost all varieties of each storage year.
Multilevel analysis of salt stress responses in sorghum during seed germination (2026)
decreaseSalt stress significantly reduced germination traits (germination index, rate and vigor) of sorghum accessions relative to control conditions
What separates themSituation: seed priming · salt stressCompare the two papers →
Physiological Basis of Salinity Tolerance of Sorghum Seeds During Germination (1995)
no changeSorghum germination was unchanged below 100 nM NaCl.
Genotypic Variation Among Sorghum Cultivars for Seed Vigor, Salt and Drought Stresses (2017)
decreaseGermination was delayed in NaCl solution.
The records name no dose, test system or situation that separates the two claims.Compare the two papers →
Genotypic Variation Among Sorghum Cultivars for Seed Vigor, Salt and Drought Stresses (2017)
decreaseGermination was delayed in NaCl solution.
Differential responses of antioxidative defense system to NaCl in grain and forage sorghum during germination and seedling establishment (2018)
no changeNaCl did not change sorghum seed germination compared with deionized water.
The records name no dose, test system or situation that separates the two claims.Compare the two papers →

How these papers cite each other

5 citations between these papers: 4 on the same side, 1 across the two sides.

Positive result
Negative result or no effect
Citation, pointing to the cited paper
Citation across the two sides
Larger circle: more citations overall

Years run left to right. Citations come from the papers’ OpenAlex reference lists. Hover a paper to bring forward its citations; click it to open the paper.

Papers reporting a positive result 9

The Effect of Exposure to Ascending/Descending Imbibition Temperatures in Saline Solutions on Shoot and Root Growth Allocation in Germinating Sorghum Seed · 2003
- positive
  NaCl soaking improved germination rates.
- no effect
  NaCl soaking did not improve root or shoot growth.
Physiological effects of seed priming on salt resistance of sorghum seedlings. · 2009
- positive
  Priming improved sorghum germination potential, rate and index.
Effect of NaCl at Low Concentration on Growth of Sorghum · 2010
- positive
  Low NaCl increased sorghum dry weight by 17.5% compared with the control.
  compared with CK
- positive
  Low NaCl (5 mmol/L) gave better sorghum growth vigor than the control.
  compared with CK
- positive
  Low NaCl increased sorghum fresh weight by 23.2% compared with the control.
  compared with CK
- positive
  Low NaCl increased sorghum root activity by 16.2% compared with the control.
  compared with CK
- negative
  High NaCl (20 mmol/L) gave clearly poorer sorghum growth than the control.
  compared with CK
Salt Tolerance Studies in Sorghum Restorer Lines at Germination Period · 2013
- positive
  At 3 g/L NaCl, seed germination and seedling root growth showed a synergistic effect.
- no effect
  Germination of sorghum restorer lines was not inhibited by 3 g/L NaCl.
Effect of Salt Stress on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Three Sorghum Maintainer Lines · 2013
- positive
  At 3 g/L NaCl, 67B sprout fresh weight was 6.0% above control.
  compared with control
Genotypic Variation Among Sorghum Cultivars for Seed Vigor, Salt and Drought Stresses · 2017
- positive
  At the same water potential, mean germination time was lower in NaCl solution than PEG solution.
  compared with PEG solution
- positive
  At the same water potential, germination, root length and shoot length were higher in NaCl solution than in PEG solution.
  compared with PEG solution
- negative
  Germination was delayed in NaCl solution.
Determination of Genotypic Variation among Sorghum Cultivars for Seed Vigor, Salt and Drought Stresse · 2017
- positive
  Mean germination time was lower in NaCl than PEG.
  compared with PEG solution
- positive
  Root and shoot length were higher in NaCl than PEG at equal water potential.
  compared with PEG solution
- positive
  Germination was higher in NaCl than PEG at equal water potential.
  compared with PEG solution
- negative
  Increasing NaCl inhibited sorghum germination and seedling growth.
Seed Quality of Sorghum [Sorghum Bicolor (L.) Moesch] as Affected By Seed Priming and Storage · 2021
- positive
  Sodium chloride priming increased sorghum germination in almost all varieties of each storage year.
Physiological and Transcriptional Analyses Provide Insight into Maintaining Ion Homeostasis of Sweet Sorghum under Salt Stress · 2023
- positive
  Sweet sorghum growth was unaffected by 50 and 100 mM NaCl.
cited by 1 paper here

Papers reporting a negative result or no effect 19

Sorghum Seedling Growth as a Function of Sodium Chloride Salinity and Seed Size · 1983
- negative
  Sodium chloride salinity from 0 to 90 mM inhibited sorghum seedling growth.
Growth Responses and Mineral Nutrient Relations of Salt‐Stressed Sorghum · 1990
- negative
  Moderate NaCl reduced greenhouse shoot and root dry weights more than isosmotic Na 2 SO 4.
  compared with Na 2 SO 4
cited by 1 paper here
Interaction Between Mineral Nutrients, Cytokinin and Gibberellic Acid During Growth ofSorghumat High NaCI Salinity · 1992
- negative
  Exposure to 300 mol m−3 NaCl narrowed the range of nutrient concentrations sustaining sorghum growth.
Kinematics and Dynamics of Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) Leaf Development at Various Na/Ca Salinities (I. Elongation Growth) · 1993
- negative
  NaCl reduced sorghum leaf elongation rate.
- negative
  NaCl reduced peak longitudinal relative elemental growth rate.
cited by 1 paper here
Physiological Basis of Salinity Tolerance of Sorghum Seeds During Germination · 1995
- negative
  Sorghum germination fell 50% at 300 nM NaCl.
- no effect
  Sorghum germination was unchanged below 100 nM NaCl.
Ultrastructural and physiological changes in root cells of Sorghum plants (Sorghum bicolor x S. sudanensis cv. Sweet Sioux) induced by NaCl · 1997
- negative
  NaCl salinity shortened the root growth region of Sorghum compared with no added NaCl.
  compared with without 40 mol m−3 NaCl
cites 1 paper here
Study on Salinity Tolerance of Different Sweet Sorghum Cultivars(Strains)during Germination Period and Seedling Period · 2012
- negative
  Increasing NaCl concentration decreased germination potential, germination percentage and germination index of sweet sorghum.
Effect of NaCl Stress on Germination Characteristic of Sorghum Seed · 2012
- negative
  NaCl delayed initial germination time.
- negative
  NaCl reduced seed germination speed.
- negative
  NaCl stress repressed sorghum germination.
Comparison of Young Seedling Growth and Sodium Distribution amongSorghumPlants under Salt Stress · 2013
- negative
  NaCl reduced plant dry weight in all cultivars.
- negative
  NaCl markedly reduced leaf blade dry weight.
Selective Transport Capacity for K⁺and Ca²⁺ over Na⁺ of Leaf Sheath is Correlated with Salt Tolerance of Energy Plant Sweet Sorghum · 2013
- negative
  NaCl stress reduced leaf sheath and blade fresh weight in both varieties.
Germination and Physiological Traits to Ascertain the Ability of Hormonal Priming to Improve Salinity Tolerance in Sorghum bicolor · 2017
- negative
  Increasing NaCl concentration decreased sorghum germination and physiological traits.
Differential responses of antioxidative defense system to NaCl in grain and forage sorghum during germination and seedling establishment · 2018
- no effect
  NaCl did not change sorghum seed germination compared with deionized water.
  compared with deionized water
- negative
  NaCl reduced the development of sorghum seedlings compared with deionized water.
  compared with deionized water
Effects of gibberellic acid on water uptake and germination of sweet sorghum seeds under salinity stress · 2019
- negative
  Compared with 0 M GA3 at 0 mM NaCl, high salinity of 100 mM NaCl significantly inhibited the germination traits of sweet sorghum seeds.
  compared with 0 M GA3 at 0 mM NaCl
Exogenous jasmonic acid and humic acid increased salinity tolerance of sorghum · 2020
- negative
  NaCl salinity reduced seedling growth parameters.
cited by 1 paper here
Deciphering Reserve Mobilization, Antioxidant Potential, and Expression Analysis of Starch Synthesis in Sorghum Seedlings under Salt Stress · 2021
- negative
  Salinity reduced sorghum germination by 46% at 140 mM NaCl.
  compared with the control
cites 1 paper here
EFFECT OF DIFFERENT SALT CONCENTRATION OF SORGHUM PLANT GROWTH · 2022
- negative
  Plant growth decreased at high NaCl concentration.
Comparative Physiological and Gene Expression Analyses Provide Insights into Ion Transports and Osmotic Adjustment of Sweet Sorghum under Salt Stress · 2024
- negative
  NaCl inhibited growth more severely in Lvjuren than Fengtian.
  compared with Fengtian
cited by 1 paper here
Saline irrigation improves survival of forage sorghum but limits growth and increases toxicity · 2025
- negative
  NaCl at 25 mM significantly reduced sorghum biomass.
cites 1 paper here
Multilevel analysis of salt stress responses in sorghum during seed germination · 2026
- negative
  Salt stress significantly reduced germination traits (germination index, rate and vigor) of sorghum accessions relative to control conditions
  compared with control
cites 2 papers here

A paper is on the positive side when any of its claims here is positive. Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. Claims that compare genotypes are left out; a claim about lacking a nutrient counts the other way round in that nutrient’s question. “Results differ” marks a question where two model reviewers, reading both claims, accepted at least one pair of papers whose results differ.

sodium chloride · Growth · Sorghum

Papers whose results differ, checked claim by claim 18

How these papers cite each other

Papers reporting a positive result 9

Papers reporting a negative result or no effect 19

sodium chloride on Sorghum against other targets

sodium chloride · growth on other organisms