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Intervention effect 899

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Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Nematode inoculation before fungus caused 33.08% root-dry-weight decrease.

Taxon: TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
Treatment: nematode was inoculated prior to funguse1
Outcome: root dry weighte0
Direction: decreasee2
Value: 33.08e0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“root dry weight (33.08)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 278–301

e1
“when nematode was inoculated prior to fungus.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 466–511

e2
“per cent decrease of plant growth parameters”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 177–221

t0
“Tomato”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 63–69

Title

Interaction of Rhizoctonia solani and Meloidogyne incognita on Tomato

B. Vidya Sagar; V. Krishna Rao; KS Varaprasad Indian Journal Of Nematology 2012

Other claims from this paper (9)

Intervention effect Nematode inoculation before fungus caused 41.87% shoot-length decrease.
Intervention effect Nematode inoculation before fungus caused 51.5% shoot-dry-weight decrease.
Observation Root-knot index peaked at 3.2 when nematode preceded fungus.
Observation Egg masses per root system reached 15.2 under nematode-first inoculation.
Observation Eggs per egg mass reached 213.40 under nematode-first inoculation.
Observation Nematode population reached 2504.6 under nematode-first inoculation.
Observation Preemergence rot was high at 33.46% with nematode-first inoculation.
Observation Postemergence rot was high at 43.13% with nematode-first inoculation.
Observation R. solani population was high at 1831/g soil under nematode-first inoculation.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Kernel dry and fresh weight tended to decrease as NAA concentration increased.

Taxon: MaizeZea mayst0
Treatment: NAA concentratione0
Outcome: dry weight and fresh weight of the kernele0
Direction: decreasee0
Qualifier: tendede0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“kernel abortion rate tended to increase with the growth of NAA concentration,but the dry weight and fresh weight of the kernel tended to decrease.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 152–298

t0
“Maize”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 37–42

Title

Influence of Auxin on Development of Maize Kernel in Vitro

Liyan Liu Modern Agricultural Sciences and Technology 2010

Other claims from this paper (2)

Intervention effect Kernel abortion tended to increase with NAA concentration.
Intervention effect The authors infer that high-concentration NAA spraying impedes growth and reduces maize yield during early grain filling.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Nematode inoculation before fungus caused 51.5% shoot-dry-weight decrease.

Taxon: TomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
Treatment: nematode was inoculated prior to funguse1
Outcome: shoot dry weighte0
Direction: decreasee2
Value: 51.5e0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“shoot length (41.87), shoot dry weight (51.5) and root dry weight (33.08)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 228–301

e1
“when nematode was inoculated prior to fungus.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 466–511

e2
“per cent decrease of plant growth parameters”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 177–221

t0
“Tomato”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 63–69

Title

Interaction of Rhizoctonia solani and Meloidogyne incognita on Tomato

B. Vidya Sagar; V. Krishna Rao; KS Varaprasad Indian Journal Of Nematology 2012

Other claims from this paper (9)

Intervention effect Nematode inoculation before fungus caused 41.87% shoot-length decrease.
Intervention effect Nematode inoculation before fungus caused 33.08% root-dry-weight decrease.
Observation Root-knot index peaked at 3.2 when nematode preceded fungus.
Observation Egg masses per root system reached 15.2 under nematode-first inoculation.
Observation Eggs per egg mass reached 213.40 under nematode-first inoculation.
Observation Nematode population reached 2504.6 under nematode-first inoculation.
Observation Preemergence rot was high at 33.46% with nematode-first inoculation.
Observation Postemergence rot was high at 43.13% with nematode-first inoculation.
Observation R. solani population was high at 1831/g soil under nematode-first inoculation.

Association 131

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Associationobservedoriginal resultno effectmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The decrease in maize dry weight was comparable with the decrease in plant height and leaf area.

Taxon: MaizeZea mayst0
Outcome: decrease in dry weighte1
Direction: no_changeinferrede1
Comparator: plant height and leaf areae1

Verbatim

t0
“Maize(Zea mays)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 49–64

e1
“the decrease in dry weight was comparable with plant height and leaf area”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1279–1352

Title

Responses of Different Physiological Indices for Maize(Zea mays) to Soil Water Availability

Wu Yuan 2011

Other claims from this paper (8)

Associationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Decreased photosynthesis was associated with reduced shoot dry weight relative to root dry weight.

Taxon: tomatoSolanum lycopersicumt0
Outcome: dry weight of the shoote0
Direction: decreasee0
Qualifier: decrease in photosynthesise0
Comparator: roote0

Verbatim

e0
“the decrease in photosynthesis was associated with a decrease in dry weight of the shoot compared to the root.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 283–393

t0
“tomato plants”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 69–82

Title

Effects of severe water stress on partitioning of 14C-assimilates in tomato plants

Zgallaï, H.; Steppe, K.; Lemeur, R. Ghent University Academic Bibliography (Ghent University) 2012. doi:10.5073/jabfq.2006.080.013

Other claims from this paper (8)

Intervention effect PEG-induced water stress impaired tomato growth.
Observation Leaf photosynthesis decreased during the experiment.
Observation Leaf area expansion decreased.
Observation Stomatal conductance decreased.
Observation Transpiration decreased.
Intervention effect Water stress enhanced transport of 14C-assimilates from source leaves to lower plant parts.
Observation Assimilates were incorporated in lower stems, leaves below source leaves and roots.
Observation 14C concentration was higher in roots than in other plant parts.

Associationobservedoriginal resultno effectnot significant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Increasing soil lead did not significantly decrease R. rugosum dry weight.

Taxon: R. rugosumRapistrum rugosume0
Treatment: increasing concentration of Pbe0
Outcome: dry weighte0
Direction: did not decreasee0

Verbatim

e0
“with increasing concentration of Pb, dry weight of R. rugosum and S. arvensis did not decrease significantly.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 436–545

Title

Phytoremediation of lead-contaminated soil bySinapis arvensisandRapistrum rugosum

Abolghasem Saghi; Mohammad Hassan Rashed Mohassel; Mehdi Parsa; et al. International Journal of Phytoremediation 2015. doi:10.1080/15226514.2015.1109607

Other claims from this paper (14)

Association Increasing soil lead did not significantly decrease S. arvensis dry weight.
Observation R. rugosum had higher lead concentrations in roots than shoots.
Observation S. arvensis had higher lead concentrations in roots than shoots.
Observation S. arvensis absorbed more lead than R. rugosum.
Association Root lead concentration in R. rugosum was positively related to soil lead concentration.
Association Root lead concentration in S. arvensis was positively related to soil lead concentration.
Association No linear relation between soil and shoot lead concentration was observed for R. rugosum.
Association No linear relation between soil and shoot lead concentration was observed for S. arvensis.
Observation R. rugosum showed low lead translocation from roots to shoots but high uptake by roots.
Observation S. arvensis showed low lead translocation from roots to shoots but high uptake by roots.
Observation R. rugosum had high lead uptake by roots.
Observation S. arvensis had high lead uptake by roots.
Recommendation The authors proposed R. rugosum for phytoremediation.
Recommendation The authors proposed S. arvensis for phytoremediation.

Observation 96

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Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Alternaria solani caused the maximum decrease in tomato fruit dry weight.

Taxon: tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
Interactor: Alternaria solaniAlternaria solanie0pathogen
Outcome: dry weight of tomato fruite0
Direction: maximum decreasee0

Verbatim

e0
“Alternaria solani showed maximum decrease in dry weight of tomato fruit.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 581–653

Title

Nutritional spoilage of tomato and brinjal fruits due to post-harvest fungi

P G Ghadsingh; Mandge S V DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) 2012

Other claims from this paper (7)

Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Phomopsis vexans caused the maximum decrease in brinjal dry weight.

Taxon: brinjalSolanum melongenae0
Interactor: Phomopsis vexansDiaporthe vexanse0pathogen
Outcome: dry weight contents of brinjale0
Direction: Maximum decreasee0

Verbatim

e0
“Maximum decrease in dry weight contents of brinjal was due to Phomopsis vexans.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 788–867

Title

Nutritional spoilage of tomato and brinjal fruits due to post-harvest fungi

P G Ghadsingh; Mandge S V DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) 2012

Other claims from this paper (7)

Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Fresh and dry weight per plant tended to decrease in reciprocal cross line 1.

Taxon: forage soybeant0
Material: reciprocal cross line 1e1
Outcome: fresh and dry weight per plante0
Direction: decreasee0

Verbatim

t0
“forage soybean”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 58–72

e0
“fresh and dry weight per plant tended to decrease”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 883–932

e1
“reciprocal cross line 1”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 776–799

Title

Inheritance of forage production performance of different forage soybean hybrid offsprings

Yang Guo-feng 2013

Other claims from this paper (8)

Mechanism 14

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Mechanismhypothesisoriginal resultbasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

The decrease in tomato dry weight caused by the inhibitors may result from decreased leaf area.

Taxon: tomatoSolanum lycopersicume0
Outcome: dry weighte5
Qualifier: decreased leaf areae5

Verbatim

e0
“Application of 30 μM L-α-aminooxy-β-phenylpropionic acid (AOPP) or (S)-methyl 2-((1,3-dioxoisoindolin-2-yl)oxy)-3-phenylpropanoate (KOK1101), decreased the endogenous IAA levels in tomato seedlings at 8 days after sowing”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 82–302

e5
“the observed decrease in dry weight caused by the inhibitors may result from decreased leaf area”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 894–990

Title

Suppression of Elongation and Growth of Tomato Seedlings by Auxin Biosynthesis Inhibitors and Modeling of the Growth and Environmental Response

Tadahisa Higashide; Megumi Narukawa; Yukihisa Shimada; et al. Scientific Reports 2014. doi:10.1038/srep04556

Other claims from this paper (6)

Intervention effect AOPP decreased endogenous IAA levels in tomato seedlings at 8 days after sowing.
Intervention effect Spraying AOPP or KOK1101 decreased stem length and leaf area of tomato plants.
Observation Spraying the inhibitors on tomato plants gave concentration-dependent inhibitions with dose response curves.
Association Effects of the inhibitors on tomato dry weight varied with environmental conditions.
Intervention effect The net assimilation rate of tomato was not influenced by the inhibitors.
Method / resource The model showed good correlations between observed and predicted tomato dry weight and leaf area index.

Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Shedding of many leaves, squares and bolls was the main reason for the shoot dry weight decrease under DI.

Taxon: cottonGossypium hirsutumt0
Outcome: the decreasee4
Qualifier: shedding of a large number of leaves,squares and bollse4

Verbatim

t0
“cotton premature senescence under drip irrigation below mulch film”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 26–92

e4
“Field observations indicate the main reason for the decrease is the shedding of a large number of leaves,squares and bolls”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 868–990

Title

The possible mechanism of cotton premature senescence under drip irrigation below mulch film——From the perspective of growth and nutrient

Tian Chang-yan Plant Nutrition and Fertilizing Science 2012

Other claims from this paper (11)

Intervention effect Premature senescence of cotton is more widespread under drip irrigation below mulch film than under flood irrigation.
Intervention effect Shoot biomass of cotton at the late boll stage was significantly higher under DI than under FI.
Intervention effect Root biomass of cotton showed the opposite trend to shoot biomass under DI compared with FI.
Intervention effect Shoot/root ratio of cotton was significantly higher under DI than under FI.
Observation Shoot dry weight of cotton under DI abruptly decreased from the late boll stage to harvest.
Intervention effect The shoot to root ratio under DI decreased to the same level as under FI.
Observation Nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations of old leaves were lower than in young leaves under DI and FI at later growth stages.
Observation Potassium concentration of old leaves was opposite to that of young leaves.
Intervention effect Potassium concentration of young leaves was lower under DI than under FI.
Intervention effect Potassium concentration of cotton shoot showed the same trend under DI as young-leaf potassium.
Mechanism Premature senescence under DI may result from shoot K demand exceeding the K supply from roots.

Mechanismobservedoriginal resultnegativesimulated

Claim · model-written summary

The modeled uptake of toxic metal through roots decreases shoot dry weight through reduced nutrient concentration.

Taxon: plante0
Organ / stage: shoote0
Treatment: toxic metale0
Outcome: shoot dry weighte0
Direction: decreasinge0
Qualifier: due to decrease in nutrient concentration in each compartmente0

Verbatim

e0
“the uptake of toxic metal adsorbed on the surface of soil by the plant is through root compartment thereby decreasing the root dry weight and shoot dry weight due to decrease in nutrient concentration in each compartment”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 145–365

Title

Modelling Effect of Toxic Metal on the Individual Plant Growth: A Two Compartment Model

O. P. Misra; Preety Kalra American Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics 2013. doi:10.5923/j.ajcam.20120206.06

Other claims from this paper (2)

Method / resource 2

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Method / resourceobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Fluorescence imaging detected toxicant effects before plant growth inhibition.

Taxon: plante0
Outcome: negative effects of the toxicantse0
Direction: earliere0
Comparator: plant growth inhibitione0

Verbatim

e0
“These methods detected the negative effects of the toxicants earlier than it was reflected in plant growth inhibition (decrease in leaf area and final dry weight).”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 897–1060

Title

Noninvasive determination of toxic stress biomarkers by high-throughput screening of photoautotrophic cell suspension cultures with multicolor fluorescence imaging

Anna Segečová; María Luisa Pérez-Bueno; Matilde Barón; et al. Plant Methods 2019. doi:10.1186/s13007-019-0484-y

Other claims from this paper (7)

Method / resource Fluorescence imaging detected subtle and transient effects without growth inhibition.
Method / resource Photoautotrophic cell suspension cultures reacted sooner than plants to toxicants.
Method / resource Photoautotrophic cell suspension cultures reacted more strongly than plants to toxicants.
Method / resource Photoautotrophic cell suspension cultures responded at lower toxicant concentrations than plants.
Method / resource MCF and ChlF response parameters and timing produced toxicant-specific signatures.
Method / resource Principal component analysis reduced multidimensional fluorescence data to informative parameters for comparing toxicant signatures.
Method / resource MCF and ChlF distinguished early stress signatures from three toxicant modes of action.

Method / resourceobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The total amount of micronutrients is a better indicator of P-induced micronutrient deficiency than tissue concentrations.

Taxon: strawberryFragaria ×ananassae0
Outcome: indicator of P-induced micronutrient deficiencye4
Comparator: Tissue concentrationse2

Verbatim

e0
“two strawberry cultivars as influenced by elevated phosphorus (P) levels in fertigation solution”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 169–265

e2
“Tissue concentrations (mg·kg−1 dry weight) of metallic micronutrients [iron (Fe), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), and zinc (Zn)] in both cultivars did not decrease”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 621–781

e4
“total amount of micronutrients is a better indicator of P-induced micronutrient deficiency”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 947–1037

Title

INFLUENCE OF ELEVATED PHOSPHORUS LEVELS IN NUTRIENT SOLUTION ON MICRONUTRIENT UPTAKE AND DEFICIENCY SYMPTOM DEVELOPMENT IN STRAWBERRY CULTURED WITH FERTIGATION SYSTEM

Jong Myung Choi; Chiwon W. Lee Journal of Plant Nutrition 2012. doi:10.1080/01904167.2012.684127

Other claims from this paper (3)

Recommendation 2

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Recommendationauthor interpretationoriginal resultpositivebasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

Hot-water heat shock is a potential strategy to improve the nutritional quality of kale sprouts.

Taxon: kaleBrassica oleracea var. viridise0
Outcome: nutritional quality of kale sproutse1

Verbatim

e0
“decrease in the fresh and dry weight of kale sprouts”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 2041–2093

e1
“heat shock using hot water would be a potential strategy to improve nutritional quality of kale sprouts by inducing the accumulation of phytochemicals with antioxidant and anticancer properties”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 3712–3905

Title

Heat Shock Treatments Induce the Accumulation of Phytochemicals in Kale Sprouts

Min-Jeong Lee; Sooyeon Lim; Jongkee Kim; et al. Horticultural Science and Technology 2012. doi:10.7235/hort.2012.12094

Other claims from this paper (13)

Intervention effect Heat shock decreased the fresh and dry weight of kale sprouts compared with control at harvest in study I.
Intervention effect Heat shock at 60 degrees C caused more pronounced growth inhibition than heat treatments at 40 and 50 degrees C.
Intervention effect Electrolyte leakage by cell collapse was highest in sprouts exposed to 60 degrees C distilled water.
Intervention effect Heat shock at 50 degrees C significantly induced the accumulation of phenolic compounds in kale sprouts.
Intervention effect Heat shock at 50 degrees C for 20 seconds or more gave at least 1.5 times higher total phenolic concentration than control.
Intervention effect Heat shock at 50 degrees C for 20 seconds or more gave at least 1.2 times higher antioxidant capacity than control.
Intervention effect Fresh weight of kale sprouts at 50 degrees C heat shock decreased significantly compared with control at one and two days after treatment.
Intervention effect Dry weight of kale sprouts after 50 degrees C heat shock was not significantly different from control.
Observation The change of total flavonoid concentration in kale sprouts was similar to that of antioxidants.
Intervention effect PAL activity after 24 hours of heat shock was higher in all heat shock-treated sprouts than in control.
Mechanism Heat shock may stimulate the secondary metabolic pathway in kale sprouts.
Observation Seven glucosinolates were identified in kale sprouts.
Intervention effect Soaking sprouts in 50 degrees C water for 20 seconds had a pronounced impact on the accumulation of total glucosinolates, progoitrin and sinigrin at harvest.

Recommendationauthor interpretationoriginal resultbasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

The authors recommended testing higher salinity levels.

Taxon: pistachioPistacia verat0
Outcome: higher levels of salinity should be investigatede0

Verbatim

e0
“higher levels of salinity should be investigated in order to optimize the effect of this symbiosis”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1337–1435

e1
“In a greenhouse experiment, plant growth and rates of uptake and root to shoot transport of chloride and sodium were investigated in seedlings of pistachio (Pistacia vera cv. Badami-Riz-Zarand) inoculated with Glomus mosseae and exposed for 21 and 42 days with four salinity levels (0.5, 3.0, 6.0 and 9.0 dSm-1).”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–312

e2
“Mycorrhizal (+M) plants maintained greater root and shoot biomass at all salinity levels compared to non-mycorrhizal (-M) plants”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 313–441

e3
“In -M plants, salt intensity had no significant effect on shoot dry weight (SDW) and leaf dry weight (LDW) on each of harvesting dates but root dry weight (RDW) showed a significant decrease at the highest salinity level 42 days after the start of salt treatment (DAT) in comparison with control (EC of 0.5 dSm-1).”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 443–757

e4
“In +M plants, SDW was increased with an increase in salt intensity especially in the first harvesting date.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 758–865

e5
“In conclusion, the study indicates that pistachio tolerance to salt stress is improved by mycorrhizal colonization, although the salinity levels used in this work could not induce biomass reduction in -M pistachio plants, higher levels of salinity should be investigated in order to optimize the effect of this symbiosis.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1115–1436

t0
“pistachio”
✓ located after whitespace/quote normalisation · title, characters 62–71

Title

Role of Mycorrhizal Symbiosis in Growth and Salt Avoidance of Pistachio Plants

M. H. Shamshiri; F. Pourizadi; Hamid Reza Karimi DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) 2014

Other claims from this paper (9)

Intervention effect Mycorrhizal pistachio maintained greater root and shoot biomass at every salinity level.
Intervention effect Salinity did not significantly change shoot or leaf dry weight in nonmycorrhizal plants.
Intervention effect At the highest salinity after 42 days, root dry weight fell in nonmycorrhizal plants.
Association Shoot dry weight increased with salinity in mycorrhizal plants, especially at the first harvest.
Association Root dry weight also increased with salinity in mycorrhizal plants.
Intervention effect Leaf dry weight did not respond to salinity in mycorrhizal plants.
Intervention effect Mycorrhizal plants had lower chloride and sodium uptake and root to shoot transport.
Intervention effect Mycorrhizal colonization reduced chloride and sodium accumulation.
Observation The authors concluded that mycorrhizal colonization improves pistachio salt tolerance.

“dry weight decrease”

Claim types

Direction of the findings

Over time

Claim type

Research area

Polarity

Statistics

Intervention effect 899

Association 131

Observation 96

Mechanism 14

Method / resource 2

Recommendation 2