Search claims · PlantClaims

Intervention effect 35

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Reducing the spray volume below 10 ml. per square yard produced a progressive decrease in the magnitude of response on kidney-bean plants.

Taxon: kidney-beanPhaseolus vulgarise1
Treatment: reduced below 10 ml. per square yarde2
Outcome: magnitude of responsee2
Direction: progressive decreasee2

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e1
“Aqueous sprays, containing a constant threshold amount of the ammonium salt of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, were found to be most effective at a volume rate of 10-20 ml. per square yard when applied to young kidney-bean plants”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 222–451

e2
“Rates of 40-100 ml. per square yard were less effective, and there was a progressive decrease in magnitude of response as the volume was reduced below 10 ml. per square yard”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 453–626

Title

Quantitative Aspects of Aqueous-Spray Applications of 2,4- Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid for Herbicidal Purposes

Harold H. Smith Botanical Gazette 1946. doi:10.1086/335380

Other claims from this paper (10)

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The higher nanoparticle concentration caused a more pronounced decrease.

Taxon: Vicia fabaVicia fabae0
Material: cv. Sakha 1e0
Organ / stage: seedlingse0
Treatment: higher concentration of chitosan nanoparticles (0.1%)e1
Outcome: magnitude of decreasee1
Direction: much pronouncede1

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“Vicia faba seeds cv. Sakha 1, followed by germination and subsequent growth of seedlings for seven days”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 153–256

e1
“The magnitude of decrease was much pronounced with the higher concentration of chitosan nanoparticles (0.1%).”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 570–679

Title

Effect of Priming with Chitosan Nanoparticles on Germination, Seedling Growth and Antioxidant Enzymes of Broad Beans

Heba Abdel-Aziz Catrina The International Journal of Environmental Sciences 2019. doi:10.21608/cat.2019.28609

Other claims from this paper (6)

Intervention effect Both nanoparticle concentrations reduced seed germination relative to water control.
Intervention effect Both nanoparticle concentrations impaired seedling growth criteria.
Intervention effect Priming with 0.05% nanoparticles increased total phenols compared with controls.
Intervention effect Priming with 0.05% nanoparticles increased catalase, ascorbate peroxidase and peroxidase activity.
Intervention effect Priming with 0.05% nanoparticles increased polyphenol oxidase activity.
Mechanism The authors suggest that low nanoparticle concentration enhances seed defense through phenols and antioxidant enzymes.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Cadmium decreased the I2 step magnitude in delayed fluorescence kinetics.

Taxon: Pisum sativumLathyrus oleraceuse1
Treatment: cadmium (20 μ m CdSO 4 for 48 h)e0
Outcome: magnitude of the I 2 step on the DF kineticse0
Direction: decreasee0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“Low‐dose exposure to cadmium (20 μ m CdSO 4 for 48 h) reduced probability of electron transfer from plastoquinones to the terminal electron acceptors of PSI ( δ Ro ) accompanied by a decrease in the rate of P 700 + and PC reduction ( V red ) and the magnitude of the I 2 step on the DF kinetics”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 471–765

e1
“in vivo in Pisum sativum”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 106–130

Title

Multiple in vivo Effects of Cadmium on Photosynthetic Electron Transport in Pea Plants

Daria Todorenko; Alena Volgusheva; Nyurgun Timofeev; et al. Photochemistry and Photobiology 2021. doi:10.1111/php.13469

Other claims from this paper (5)

Intervention effect Cadmium reduced electron transfer probability from plastoquinones to terminal PSI acceptors.
Intervention effect Cadmium decreased the rate of P700+ and PC reduction.
Intervention effect Electron transport through PSI remained unchanged under cadmium exposure.
Observation The authors proposed a possible cadmium inhibition site between PSII and PSI.
Method / resource The authors proposed δRo, Vred and I2/I1 as indicators of early heavy-metal contamination.

Observation 20

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Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The magnitude of the decrease in these physiological variables followed the order T3 > T1 > T2 among the barnyardgrass treatments.

Taxon: riceOryza sativat0
Outcome: magnitude of decreasee0
Value: T3 > T1 > T2e0

Verbatim

e0
“the magnitude of decrease was in the order of T3 > T1 > T2”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1215–1273

t0
“rice”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 58–62

Title

[Influence of weeds in Echinochloa on growth and yield of rice].

Zi-Chang Zhang; Yong-Feng Li; Bin Zhang; et al. PubMed 2014

Other claims from this paper (18)

Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativeprojected

Claim · model-written summary

Future climate is expected to decrease sugar yield by a similar magnitude in northern France, Belgium and west-central Poland.

Taxon: sugar beetBeta vulgaris subsp. vulgarist0
Outcome: decreasese0
Direction: decreasese0
Qualifier: similar magnitudee0
Setting: northern France, Belgium and wesUcentral Polande0

Verbatim

e0
“decreases of similar magnitude in northern France, Belgium and wesUcentral Poland, despite accelerated growth in warmer springs.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1104–1232

t0
“sugar beet”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 39–49

Title

Climatic impact on the productivity of sugar beet in Europe

J. D. Pidgeon; KW Jaggard; DH Lister; et al. Rothamsted Repository (Rothamsted Repository) 2001

Other claims from this paper (10)

Observationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Individual BakSib microorganism groups showed a maximum decline of two orders of magnitude.

Taxon: winter barleyHordeum vulgaret0
Outcome: individual groups of Baksiba microorganismse0
Direction: decreasee0
Value: two orders of magnitudee0

Verbatim

e0
“maximum decrease noted for individual groups of Baksiba microorganisms is two orders of magnitude”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1453–1550

t0
“winter barley”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 53–66

Title

The influence of the microbial preparation BakSib on winter barley and the state of southern chernozem

S. M. Nersesyan; I. M. Dubovskiy; L. N. Korobova Bulletin of NSAU (Novosibirsk State Agrarian University) 2022. doi:10.31677/2072-6724-2022-64-3-55-66

Other claims from this paper (12)

Intervention effect BakSib treatment decreased soil microscopic fungi by up to threefold at tillering.
Intervention effect BakSib treatment decreased soil microscopic fungi by 21% at full ripeness.
Intervention effect BakSib increased soil ammonifiers by 44 to 81.4%.
Intervention effect BakSib increased bacteria assimilating mineral nitrogen by 79 to 116%.
Intervention effect BakSib increased barley height by 7.9–13.3% across growth phases versus control.
Intervention effect BakSib increased barley yield by up to 9% versus control.
Intervention effect BakSib increased grains per ear by 9.6% versus control.
Intervention effect Additional BakSib bacterization raised grains per ear by 6.4% relative to farm plant protection technology.
Observation BakSib was found compatible with Clothianidin Pro and Sphinx for seed dressing.
Intervention effect Chemical protectants reduced the initial BakSib titer three to four times.
Intervention effect BakSib prolonged an increase in soil copiotrophic bacteria during heading.
Intervention effect BakSib replenished the soil nitrogen fund during heading.

Association 19

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Associationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The salt-related decrease was greater in C. olitorius and at higher stress magnitude.

Taxon: C. olitoriusCorchorus olitoriuse0
Treatment: higher magnitude of stresse0
Outcome: decreasee0
Direction: greatere0
Comparator: C. capsularise0

Verbatim

e0
“The decrease was greater in C. olitorius than in C. capsularis and with higher magnitude of stress.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 420–519

Title

Effects of short-term NaCl stress on water relations and gas exchange of two jute species

K. Chaudhuri; M.A. Choudhuri Biologia Plantarum 1997. doi:10.1023/a:1001013913773

Other claims from this paper (8)

Intervention effect Salt stress reduced water relations and gas exchange in both jute species.
Intervention effect Salt stress reduced transpiration, stomatal conductance and photosynthesis.
Intervention effect Salt stress reduced net photosynthetic rate and water-use efficiency.
Observation C. olitorius accumulated more sodium and chloride than C. capsularis.
Observation C. olitorius had a lower root and shoot potassium-to-sodium ratio.
Intervention effect Kinetin pretreatment improved photosynthesis, transpiration and water-use efficiency under salt stress.
Intervention effect Glutamic acid pretreatment improved the same physiological traits under salt stress.
Intervention effect Calcium nitrate pretreatment improved the same physiological traits and was most effective.

Associationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The magnitude of the decrease caused by waterlogging after booting stage became larger as the wheat plant developed.

Taxon: Winter WheatTriticum aestivumt0
Treatment: After booting stage, waterlogginge3
Outcome: magnitude of the decreasee3
Direction: became largere3
Qualifier: with the progress of the growth and development of the wheat plante3

Verbatim

t0
“the Root System of Winter Wheat”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 64–95

e3
“After booting stage, waterlogging would invariably cause pronounced decrease of these characters, and the magnitude of the decrease became larger with the progress of the growth and development of the wheat plant”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 558–770

Title

Effect of Waterlogging on the Growth and Nutrient Metabolism of the Root System of Winter Wheat

Zhou Su ACTA AGRONOMICA SINICA 2001

Other claims from this paper (10)

Intervention effect Short-term waterlogging before the booting stage increased secondary root production in the top soil of winter wheat.
Intervention effect Short-term waterlogging before the booting stage increased N content and the proportion of N distributed to the root system of winter wheat.
Intervention effect Short-term waterlogging before the booting stage increased soluble sugar content in the root system of winter wheat.
Intervention effect Short-term waterlogging before the booting stage elevated the C/N ratio of winter wheat.
Intervention effect Prolonged waterlogging decreased all these attributes of winter wheat.
Intervention effect After booting stage, waterlogging caused a pronounced decrease of these characters in winter wheat.
Intervention effect Prolonged waterlogging decreased biomass, N accumulation and P accumulation of the winter wheat root system at all growth stages.
Intervention effect Prolonged waterlogging decreased P content and P proportion of the winter wheat root system at all growth stages.
Intervention effect Waterlogging for 5 days at the filling stage seriously handicapped the growth and metabolism of the wheat root system.
Intervention effect Waterlogging for 10 days at the filling stage reduced N and P accumulation of winter wheat roots to more than half of normal.

Associationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

The decrease in root border cell activity was higher in composite weeds than in gramineae weeds.

Taxon: composite weedse1
Outcome: decreasing magnitudee1
Direction: highere1
Comparator: gramineae weedse1

Verbatim

e1
“The decreasing magnitude was higher in composite weeds than in gramineae weeds”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 529–607

Title

Response to aluminum toxicity of four common weeds roots and border cells

XU Gen Acta Ecologica Sinica 2009

Other claims from this paper (11)

Mechanism 3

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Mechanismauthor interpretationoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Rainfall-dependent potassium and sulfur leaching made deficiency-related pasture production decreases unpredictable.

Taxon: ryegrassLoliume1
Outcome: decrease in pasture productione0
Qualifier: rainfall determining the extent of leachinge0

Verbatim

e0
“both elements can leach below the root-zone, with rainfall determining the extent of leaching and magnitude of the decrease in pasture production resulting from deficiency, which cannot be predicted”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1014–1212

e1
“ryegrass dairy pastures”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 169–192

Title

Changes in chemical properties of 48 intensively grazed, rain-fed dairy paddocks on sandy soils over 11 years of liming in south-western Australia

M. D. A. Bolland; W. K. Russell Soil Research 2010. doi:10.1071/sr09199

Other claims from this paper (9)

Recommendation Tissue testing was needed with soil testing to confirm nutrient management decisions.
Method / resource Soil pH testing reliably identified paddocks needing lime and monitored liming.
Method / resource Soil phosphorus testing reliably indicated when phosphorus fertilizer was required.
Recommendation No phosphorus fertilizer was needed above the soil-specific critical soil-test phosphorus value.
Observation Plant tissue testing indicated adequate phosphorus for ryegrass production when no phosphorus was applied.
Method / resource Soil testing could not determine which paddocks required potassium fertilizer.
Method / resource Soil testing could not determine which paddocks required sulfur fertilizer.
Recommendation The authors recommended annual potassium and sulfur fertilizer and tissue testing to improve their management.
Recommendation The authors recommended annual soil pH and soil-test phosphorus reporting, with P-buffering index, organic carbon and conductivity every 3–5 years.

Mechanismhypothesisreview summarynegativebasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

Drought driven insecticide movement may reduce pesticide performance.

Taxon: crop plantse1
Outcome: reduced pesticide performancee0
Qualifier: reduced pesticide performancee0

Verbatim

e0
“and that may have two concurrent consequences: 1) reduced pesticide performance, and 2) increased likelihood of insect pests evolving behavioral insecticide resistance.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 832–1000

e1
“We hypothesize that more pronounced drought will decrease uptake and increase the magnitude of nonuniform translocation of systemic insecticides within treated crop plants”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 659–830

Title

Does Drought Increase the Risk of Insects Developing Behavioral Resistance to Systemic Insecticides?

Haleh Khodaverdi; Trevor Fowles; Emily Bick; et al. Journal of Economic Entomology 2016. doi:10.1093/jee/tow188

Other claims from this paper (5)

Mechanismhypothesisreview summarynegativebasis n/a

Claim · model-written summary

Drought driven insecticide movement may increase pest behavioral resistance.

Taxon: crop plantse1
Interactor: insect pestse0pest
Outcome: likelihood of insect pests evolving behavioral insecticide resistancee0
Qualifier: increased likelihoode0

Verbatim

e0
“and that may have two concurrent consequences: 1) reduced pesticide performance, and 2) increased likelihood of insect pests evolving behavioral insecticide resistance.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 832–1000

e1
“We hypothesize that more pronounced drought will decrease uptake and increase the magnitude of nonuniform translocation of systemic insecticides within treated crop plants”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 659–830

Title

Does Drought Increase the Risk of Insects Developing Behavioral Resistance to Systemic Insecticides?

Haleh Khodaverdi; Trevor Fowles; Emily Bick; et al. Journal of Economic Entomology 2016. doi:10.1093/jee/tow188

Other claims from this paper (5)

“magnitude of decrease”

Claim types

Direction of the findings

Over time

Claim type

Research area

Polarity

Statistics

Intervention effect 35

Observation 20

Association 19

Mechanism 3