Search claims · PlantClaims

Associationobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Twin embryo survival was sometimes poorer than single embryo survival.

Taxon: PelargoniumPelargoniumt0
Outcome: survival of embryos in twinse0
Direction: poorere0
Comparator: singlese0

Verbatim

e0
“the survival of embryos in twins is sometimes poorer than in singles”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1087–1155

t0
“Pelargonium”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 47–58

Title

The Occurrence and Survival of Twin Embryos in Pelargonium × Hortorum Bailey

A. J. KUBBA; R. A. E. TILNEY-BASSETT Annals of Botany 1980. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aob.a085887

Other claims from this paper (9)

Observation Twin embryos were rare despite two ovules per carpel.
Association Twin embryo frequency correlated with variance in cultivar fertility.
Association Twin embryo frequency did not correlate with low mean fertility.
Association Plastids had no effect in the analysis of variance.
Association Cultivars differed significantly, indicating genetic heterogeneity.
Observation Self and hybrid families supported a genetic basis for twin formation.
Association Lower parental twin frequency corresponded to fewer offspring families with twins and a lower overall mean.
Observation A few self and hybrid families reached 16.4 per cent twin frequency.
Association Upper twin embryos tended to survive better than lower twin embryos.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Embryo-cultured plants had lower survival than traditionally propagated plants, 16% versus 44%.

Taxon: Chionanthus virginicusChionanthus virginicust0
Treatment: embryo-culturede0
Outcome: survival ratee0
Direction: lowere0
Value: 16%e0
Qualifier: 44%e0
Comparator: Traditional seed propagationt1

Verbatim

e0
“The embryo-cultured plants had a lower survival rate (16% vs. 44%)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 656–722

t0
“Chionanthus virginicus”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 27–49

t1
“Traditional seed propagation”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–28

Title

Accelerated Propagation of Chionanthus virginicus via Embryo Culture

Charlotte R. Chan; Robert D. Marquard HortScience 1999. doi:10.21273/hortsci.34.1.140

Other claims from this paper (5)

Observation Cultured embryos germinated in four weeks.
Intervention effect Embryo culture required more labor than traditional propagation.
Intervention effect After two years, embryo-cultured plants had 13.4-fold the mass of traditionally grown plants.
Intervention effect After two years, embryo-cultured plants were 4.7-fold taller.
Intervention effect Ten-month-old cultured plants matched the size of traditionally grown two-year-old plants.

Associationobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Embryo survival was significantly negatively related to milling time.

Taxon: Japonica riceOryza sativa Japonica Groupt0
Treatment: milling timee0
Outcome: embryo surviving ratee0
Direction: negativee0

Verbatim

e0
“significantly negative relationship between embryo surviving rate and milling time”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 405–487

t0
“Japonica rice”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 50–63

Title

Studies on the different embryo surviving rate of Japonica rice

Guozhen Zhao; Jixin Liu; Shi Song Rong; et al. Xi'nan nongye xuebao 2005

Other claims from this paper (3)

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Neither PVS2 vitrification method resulted in embryo survival of Syzygium maire embryos following cryopreservation.

Taxon: Syzygium maireSyzygium mairet0
Organ / stage: zygotic embryost0
Treatment: PVS2 vitrification methode3
Outcome: embryo survival following cryopreservatione3

Not reportedComparatorDirection

Verbatim

t0
“Syzygium maire zygotic embryos”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 125–155

e3
“However, neither PVS2 vitrification method resulted in embryo survival following cryopreservation”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1100–1197

Title

Evaluation of droplet-vitrification, vacuum infiltration vitrification and encapsulation-dehydration for cryopreservation of Syzygium maire zygotic embryos.

K van der Walt; P Kemp; S Sofkova-Bobcheva; et al. PubMed 2022

Other claims from this paper (6)

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Trifluralin at 0.1 g/L reduced carrot embryo survival by 40%

Taxon: carrotDaucus carotae1
Treatment: 0.1 g/L trifluraline3
Outcome: survivale3
Direction: reducede3
Value: 40%e3

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e1
“We tested an antimitotic agent treatment of carrot at the embryo stage”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 316–386

e3
“0.1 g/L trifluralin reduced survival by 40% and delayed plantlet regeneration”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 711–788

Title

Carrot (Daucus carota L.) Haploid Embryo Genome Doubling with Colchicine and Trifluralin

Maria Fomicheva; Elena Kozar; Elena Domblides Horticulturae 2025. doi:10.3390/horticulturae11050505

Other claims from this paper (8)

Intervention effect Trifluralin at 0.1 g/L delayed carrot plantlet regeneration
Intervention effect Colchicine at 0.01–1 g/L did not perturb carrot development
Intervention effect Trifluralin at 0.001 and 0.01 g/L showed no signs of toxicity in carrot
Intervention effect Colchicine at 0.01–1 g/L and trifluralin at 0.001–0.1 g/L could double the carrot genome
Intervention effect The highest diploid percent in carrot (34%) was observed at 1 g/L colchicine
Intervention effect The highest diploid percent in carrot (28%) was observed at 0.1 g/L trifluralin
Intervention effect The highest percent of diploids together with mixoploids in carrot (over 70%) was at 0.01 and 0.1 g/L trifluralin
Intervention effect Diploids together with mixoploids in carrot reached 56% at 1 g/L colchicine

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Removing peach vegetative buds reduced fruit bud development, fruit growth, and embryo survival.

Taxon: peachPrunus persicae0
Treatment: Removal of peach vegetative budse0
Outcome: fruit bud development, fruit growth, and embryo survivale0
Direction: reducede0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“Removal of peach vegetative buds, however, reduced fruit bud development, fruit growth, and embryo survival”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 580–687

Title

OSMOTIC POTENTIAL IS RELATED TO SINK STRENGTH IN VEGETATIVE AND FLORAL BUDS OF APPLE AND PEACH

W.G. Yang; D.M. Glenn HortScience 1992. doi:10.21273/hortsci.27.6.613c

Other claims from this paper (5)

Association Osmotic potential of apple and peach buds related to bud development phenology.
Observation Developing buds had lower osmotic potential than dormant buds.
Intervention effect Removing peach floral buds lowered osmotic potential.
Intervention effect Removing peach floral buds increased vegetative bud development and early leaf growth rate.
Association Osmotic potential indexed sink activity before and after bloom.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Maize embryo survival decreased under rapid and slow dehydration.

Taxon: maizeZea mayse0
Organ / stage: embryose0
Treatment: rapid and slow dehydratione0
Outcome: Survivale0
Direction: decreasede0

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

e0
“Survival of wampee (Clausena lansiumSkeels) axes and maize (Zea mays L.) embryos decreased with rapid and slow dehydration”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 0–122

Title

Response of Chinese Wampee Axes and Maize Embryos to Dehydration at Different Rates

Hui Huang; Song‐Quan Song; Xian‐Jin Wu Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2008. doi:10.1111/j.1744-7909.2008.00772.x

Other claims from this paper (14)

Intervention effect Wampee axis survival decreased under rapid and slow dehydration.
Intervention effect Rapid dehydration damaged wampee axes less than slow dehydration.
Intervention effect Rapid dehydration damaged maize embryos more than slow dehydration.
Intervention effect Wampee axis malondialdehyde content increased with dehydration.
Intervention effect Maize embryo malondialdehyde content increased with dehydration.
Intervention effect Wampee malondialdehyde was lower under rapid than slow dehydration.
Intervention effect Maize malondialdehyde was higher under rapid than slow dehydration.
Observation Wampee SOD, APX and CAT activities rose early and then fell during dehydration.
Intervention effect Rapidly dehydrated wampee axes had higher SOD, APX and CAT activities at low water content.
Intervention effect Maize embryo SOD and APX activities decreased with dehydration.
Intervention effect Slowly dehydrated maize embryos had higher SOD activity than rapidly dehydrated embryos.
Intervention effect Slowly dehydrated maize embryos had lower APX activity than rapidly dehydrated embryos.
Observation Maize embryo CAT activity rose early and then fell during dehydration.
Intervention effect Slowly dehydrated maize embryos had higher CAT activity than rapidly dehydrated embryos late in dehydration.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativesignificant (as stated)measured

Claim · model-written summary

Increasing NaCl concentrations significantly reduced habanero somatic embryo survival rate.

Taxon: Capsicum chinenseCapsicum chinenset0
Treatment: Concentration increases of NaCle1
Outcome: embryos survival ratee1
Direction: reductione1

Not reportedComparator

Verbatim

t0
“Habanero Pepper (Capsicum chinense Jacq.)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 58–99

e1
“Concentration increases of NaCl provoked a significant reduction of the embryos survival rate”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 435–528

Title

In Vitro Selection of a Salt-tolerant Embryogenic Line in Habanero Pepper (Capsicum chinense Jacq.)

Daniela Solís-Marroquín; Carlos Alberto Lecona-Guzmán; Adriana Canto-Flick; et al. HortScience 2011. doi:10.21273/hortsci.46.12.1666

Other claims from this paper (12)

Intervention effect 75 and 100 mM NaCl greatly increased growth and development of habanero somatic embryos.
Intervention effect 75 and 100 mM NaCl favored proliferation of habanero somatic embryos.
Observation The average lethal dose of NaCl for habanero somatic embryos was 46% at 100 mM.
Association Deformed habanero somatic embryos showed lower tolerance to salt stress.
Intervention effect 200 and 300 mM NaCl significantly delayed development of the surviving habanero somatic embryos.
Observation Embryos at 200 and 300 mM NaCl remained at the globular stage throughout culture.
Observation At 75 mM NaCl most habanero embryos were in the torpedo stage.
Observation At 100 mM NaCl most habanero embryos were in globular and cotyledonary stages.
Intervention effect Salt stress stimulated embryonic germination of habanero somatic embryos, particularly at 100 mM NaCl, except at 300 mM.
Intervention effect Salinization substantially increased proline content in habanero somatic embryos.
Intervention effect Habanero somatic embryos tolerate NaCl up to 100 mM without their development being affected.
Mechanism Habanero somatic embryos have sufficient cellular mechanisms to tolerate salinity at relatively higher levels.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

PVS2 vitrification by the DV method had a negative impact on embryo survival and plantlet formation of Syzygium maire embryos.

Taxon: Syzygium maireSyzygium mairet0
Organ / stage: zygotic embryost0
Treatment: PVS2 using the DV methode2
Outcome: embryo survival and plantlet formatione2

Not reportedComparatorDirection

Verbatim

t0
“Syzygium maire zygotic embryos”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 125–155

e2
“Exposure to PVS2 using the DV method had a negative impact on embryo survival and plantlet formation, while DVIV resulted in improved results for non-cryopreserved EA”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 932–1098

Title

Evaluation of droplet-vitrification, vacuum infiltration vitrification and encapsulation-dehydration for cryopreservation of Syzygium maire zygotic embryos.

K van der Walt; P Kemp; S Sofkova-Bobcheva; et al. PubMed 2022

Other claims from this paper (6)

Intervention effect Encapsulated embryo axes desiccated to 31% and 37% moisture content survived cryopreservation.
Intervention effect Encapsulated embryo axes desiccated to 31% and 37% moisture content formed no plantlets following cryopreservation.
Intervention effect DVIV resulted in improved results for non-cryopreserved Syzygium maire embryo axes.
Intervention effect Neither PVS2 vitrification method resulted in embryo survival of Syzygium maire embryos following cryopreservation.
Observation Syzygium maire embryos are sensitive to desiccation.
Recommendation Physical, chemical or combined protection methods are likely required to increase embryo survival and plantlet formation of Syzygium maire after cryopreservation.

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Increasing H. annosum elicitor concentration decreased embryo rooting and survival.

Treatment: increased concentration of elicitors from H. annosume0
Interactor: H. annosumHeterobasidion annosume0pathogen
Outcome: rooting and survival rate of the embryose0
Direction: decreasede0

Not reportedTaxonComparator

Verbatim

e0
“increased concentration of elicitors from H. annosum decreased the rooting and survival rate of the embryos.”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 687–795

Title

Response of somatic embryos of Scots pine to fungal cell wall elicitors

J. Lu; T. Aronen; A. Pappinen; et al. Forest Pathology 2010. doi:10.1111/j.1439-0329.2010.00641.x

Other claims from this paper (10)

Association Pine genotype and elicitor source affected embryo root development.
Intervention effect Suillus bovinus elicitors increased root formation.
Intervention effect Heterobasidion parviporum elicitors increased root formation.
Intervention effect Elicitor exposure altered transcripts for cell division, cell wall and stress genes.
Intervention effect Suillus bovinus elicitors increased actin and peroxidase gene expression after seven days.
Intervention effect H. parviporum elicitors increased actin and peroxidase expression after seven days.
Intervention effect H. annosum elicitors significantly induced PsACS-1.
Observation Early H. parviporum elicitor gene-expression patterns resembled those under S. bovinus elicitor.
Intervention effect H. annosum elicitors produced delayed gene-regulation patterns.
Observation Some H. annosum exposed embryos degraded and died.

“embryo survival”

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