Intervention effectmodel-written summary

Application of 100% NPK plus 10 t sludge/ha gave the maximum absorption and uptake of heavy metals in spinach leaves.

A claim from Influence of treated sludge, FYM and fertilizers on yield and uptake of micronutrients in spinach · 2013

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Application of 100% NPK plus 10 t sludge/ha gave the maximum absorption and uptake of heavy metals in spinach leaves.

Organ / stage
leavese4
Treatment
100% NPK + 10 t sludge ha1e4
Outcome
absorption and uptake of heavy metalse4
Direction
maximume4

Not reportedMaterialGeneCompoundInteractorInteractor roleSecond interactorSecond interactor roleComparatorSettingValueQualifier

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Spinacia oleracea
Spinacia oleracea · TaxonRasbak · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e4

“Application of 100% NPK + 10 t sludge ha1 resulted in the maximum absorption and uptake of heavy metals in spinach leaves”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 691–812

Title

Influence of treated sludge, FYM and fertilizers on yield and uptake of micronutrients in spinach

Vinay Singh 2013

Other claims from this paper (4)

Record rev-fb7e2fc4e38e3151bc9a7b3f08a2bca87a418f86bb6c15ab6a08da4d0e2cd64e · schema claims-v0.9 · position 5 in the model’s answer

organic · nutrient: content · Spinacia oleracea (spinach)Positive and negative results

13 papers: 10 positive, 3 negative or no effect

2 papers in the same direction as this claim · 10 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
    Lime and organic matter decreased cadmium availability to soil and spinach throughout growth.

    Influence of Lime and Organic Matter on the Mobility of Cadmium in Cadmium-Contaminated Soil in Relation to Nutrition of Spinach · 2012

    Opposite direction

  2. positive
    Spinach macronutrient concentrations were significantly highest under 75% sludge + 25% NPK and lowest in controls.

    Evaluation of nutrient status of kale and spinach as affected by sewage sludge and mineral fertilizers · 2020 · compared with control treatments

    Opposite direction

  3. positive
    Application of organic matter (feedlot cattle manure) significantly increased soil and plant P concentrations in spinach compared with 0% organic matter.

    Soil–Plant Nutrient Relationship at Different Growth Stages of Spinach as Affected by Phosphorus and Manure Applications · 2011 · compared with 0%

    Opposite direction

  4. positive
    Sewage sludge increased total soil nitrogen and organic matter.

    EFFECT OF SEWAGE SLUDGE ON SOME MACRONUTRIENTS CONCENTRATION AND SOIL CHEMICAL PROPERTIES · 2005

    Opposite direction

  5. positive
    Sewage sludge at all levels significantly increased shoot nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and iron (Fe) concentrations of spinach.

    Comparison of sewage sludge and chemical fertilizer application on yield and concentration of some nutrients in spinach (Spinosa olerace L.) in three textural classes of a calcareous soil. · 2011

    Opposite direction

  6. positive
    Organic matter reduced spinach metal uptake.

    Phytotoxicity of spinach by cadmium in different textured soils amended with organic matter · 2009

    Opposite direction

  7. positive
    Sludge treatment increased soil nutrient content.

    Effect of Municipal Sludge Organic Fertilizer on Spinach Growth and Soil Environment · 2011 · compared with no sewage sludge application

    Opposite direction

  8. positive
    Sludge increased soil organic matter and total N.

    Elemental Relationships and Growth and Development of Spinach Grown with Sewage Sludge · 2018

    Opposite direction

4 papers more in this group

See all 13 papers →

fertilization · nutrient: content · Spinacia oleracea (spinach)Positive and negative results

60 papers: 53 positive, 7 negative or no effect

6 papers in the same direction as this claim · 53 in the opposite direction

  1. positive
    10% vermicompost gave the significantly highest potassium, phosphorus and total nitrogen in spinach.

    Effect of vermicompost on the growth and yield of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) · 2008

    Opposite direction

  2. positive
    Fertigation with iodine gave higher iodine biofortification efficiency than pre-sowing application in spinach.

    The role of exogenous humic and fulvic acids in iodine biofortification in spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) · 2015 · compared with its application pre-sowing

    Opposite direction

  3. positive
    Molasses plus organic fertilizer produced higher soil nitrogen of 0.24%.

    Effect of Molasses and Organic Fertilizer in Soil fertility and Yield of Spinach in Khotang, Nepal · 2019

    Opposite direction

  4. positive
    Silicon fertilization significantly reduced lead concentration and uptake.

    Growth tolerance, concentration, and uptake of heavy metals as ameliorated by silicon application in vegetables · 2022

    Opposite direction

  5. positive
    Compost tea significantly lowered nitrate levels versus control.

    Spraying Agro-Industrial Compost Tea on Baby Spinach Crops: Evaluation of Yield, Plant Quality and Soil Health in Field Experiments · 2020 · compared with control

    Opposite direction

  6. positive
    Biosolids compost inhibited spinach Cd accumulation.

    Effect of Soil Amendments on Cd Accumulation by Spinach from a Cd‐Mineralized Soil · 2017

    Opposite direction

  7. positive
    Combined lime and organic manure lowered soil cadmium by 54.7% versus control.

    Influence of Organic Manure and Lime on Cadmium Mobility in Soil and Uptake by Spinach (Spinacia Oleracea L.) · 2017 · compared with control treatment

    Opposite direction

  8. positive
    In spring, nitrification inhibitor fertilizers greatly reduced crop nitrate accumulation.

    The influence of 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate and dicyandiamide on reducing nitrate accumulation in spinach under Mediterranean conditions · 2006

    Opposite direction

51 papers more in this group

See all 60 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.