Abstract
A field experiment was conducted during winter (rabi) season of 2002–03 and 2003–04 to study the efficacy of herbicides and fertilizer management on weed dynamics of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. emend. Fiori & Paol.). The intensity of weeds as well as total weed count were unaffected by the method and level of fertilizer application, but side placement of fertilizer significantly reduced the total dry biomass of weeds, NPK depletion by weeds that improved the NPK uptake by the crop and produced 13.5 per cent higher grain yield than broadcast method of fertilizer application. Application of 125 per cent of the recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF) although recorded significantly higher dry biomass of weeds and NPK depletion by weeds than 75 per cent of the RDF, it increased the NPK uptake by crop and grain yield. Weed-control treatments significantly reduced the intensity of broad-leaf weeds, annual and perennial grasses, total weed count, dry biomass of weeds and NPK depletion by weeds, and increased the NPK uptake by the crop. These treatments increased the grain yield by 26.3–35.9 per cent than the weedy check. Among the weed-control treatments, sulfosulfuron proved the most effective herbicide against broad-leaf weeds and annual grasses, reducing their intensity as well as that of total weeds than the mixture of 2,4-D + isoproturon and hand-weeding but had no adverse effect on perennial grasses and sedges. However, hand-weeding significantly reduced the intensity of perennial grasses and sedges. Sulfosulfuron also recorded significanty lower total dry biomass of weeds and NPK depletion by weeds than the mixture of 2,4-D + isoproturon and showed the highest weed-control efficiency.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Fertilizer application method and level did not alter weed intensity or count.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- method and level of fertilizer applicatione0
- Interactor
- weedse0weed
- Outcome
- intensity of weeds as well as total weed counte0
- Direction
- unaffectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The intensity of weeds as well as total weed count were unaffected by the method and level of fertilizer application”
t0“Efficacy of herbicides and fertilizer management on weed dynamics in wheat (Triticum aestivum)”
Claim · model-written summary
Side placement reduced weed biomass and weed NPK depletion.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- side placement of fertilizere0
- Interactor
- weedse0weed
- Outcome
- total dry biomass of weeds, NPK depletion by weedse0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- broadcast method of fertilizer applicatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The intensity of weeds as well as total weed count were unaffected by the method and level of fertilizer application, but side placement of fertilizer significantly reduced the total dry biomass of weeds, NPK depletion by weeds that improved the NPK uptake by the crop and produced 13.5 per cent higher grain yield than broadcast method of fertilizer application.”
t0“Efficacy of herbicides and fertilizer management on weed dynamics in wheat (Triticum aestivum)”
Claim · model-written summary
Side placement improved wheat NPK uptake.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- side placement of fertilizere0
- Outcome
- NPK uptake by the crope0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Comparator
- broadcast method of fertilizer applicatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The intensity of weeds as well as total weed count were unaffected by the method and level of fertilizer application, but side placement of fertilizer significantly reduced the total dry biomass of weeds, NPK depletion by weeds that improved the NPK uptake by the crop and produced 13.5 per cent higher grain yield than broadcast method of fertilizer application.”
t0“Efficacy of herbicides and fertilizer management on weed dynamics in wheat (Triticum aestivum)”
Claim · model-written summary
Side placement raised grain yield by 13.5 percent.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- side placement of fertilizere0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 13.5 per cente0
- Comparator
- broadcast method of fertilizer applicatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The intensity of weeds as well as total weed count were unaffected by the method and level of fertilizer application, but side placement of fertilizer significantly reduced the total dry biomass of weeds, NPK depletion by weeds that improved the NPK uptake by the crop and produced 13.5 per cent higher grain yield than broadcast method of fertilizer application.”
t0“Efficacy of herbicides and fertilizer management on weed dynamics in wheat (Triticum aestivum)”
Claim · model-written summary
125% fertilizer increased weed biomass and NPK depletion relative to 75%.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 125 per cent of the recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF)e0
- Interactor
- weedse0weed
- Outcome
- dry biomass of weeds and NPK depletion by weedse0
- Direction
- highere0
- Comparator
- 75 per cent of the RDFe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“125 per cent of the recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF) although recorded significantly higher dry biomass of weeds and NPK depletion by weeds than 75 per cent of the RDF”
t0“Efficacy of herbicides and fertilizer management on weed dynamics in wheat (Triticum aestivum)”
Claim · model-written summary
125% fertilizer increased wheat NPK uptake and grain yield.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- 125 per cent of the recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF)e0
- Outcome
- NPK uptake by crop and grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- 75 per cent of the RDFe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of 125 per cent of the recommended dose of fertilizer (RDF) although recorded significantly higher dry biomass of weeds and NPK depletion by weeds than 75 per cent of the RDF, it increased the NPK uptake by crop and grain yield.”
t0“Efficacy of herbicides and fertilizer management on weed dynamics in wheat (Triticum aestivum)”
Claim · model-written summary
Weed treatments reduced weed intensity, count, biomass, and NPK depletion.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Weed-control treatmentse0
- Interactor
- weedse0weed
- Outcome
- intensity of broad-leaf weeds, annual and perennial grassese0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Comparator
- weedy checke0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Weed-control treatments significantly reduced the intensity of broad-leaf weeds, annual and perennial grasses, total weed count, dry biomass of weeds and NPK depletion by weeds, and increased the NPK uptake by the crop. These treatments increased the grain yield by 26.3–35.9 per cent than the weedy check.”
t0“Efficacy of herbicides and fertilizer management on weed dynamics in wheat (Triticum aestivum)”
Claim · model-written summary
Weed treatments increased crop NPK uptake.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Weed-control treatmentse0
- Outcome
- NPK uptake by the crope0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Comparator
- weedy checke0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Weed-control treatments significantly reduced the intensity of broad-leaf weeds, annual and perennial grasses, total weed count, dry biomass of weeds and NPK depletion by weeds, and increased the NPK uptake by the crop. These treatments increased the grain yield by 26.3–35.9 per cent than the weedy check.”
t0“Efficacy of herbicides and fertilizer management on weed dynamics in wheat (Triticum aestivum)”
Claim · model-written summary
Weed treatments increased wheat grain yield by 26.3–35.9%.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Weed-control treatmentse0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
- Value
- 26.3–35.9 per cente0
- Comparator
- weedy checke0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Weed-control treatments significantly reduced the intensity of broad-leaf weeds, annual and perennial grasses, total weed count, dry biomass of weeds and NPK depletion by weeds, and increased the NPK uptake by the crop. These treatments increased the grain yield by 26.3–35.9 per cent than the weedy check.”
t0“Efficacy of herbicides and fertilizer management on weed dynamics in wheat (Triticum aestivum)”
Claim · model-written summary
Sulfosulfuron suppressed broad-leaf and annual grass weeds more than alternatives.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- sulfosulfurone0
- Interactor
- weedse0weed
- Outcome
- intensitye0
- Direction
- reducinge0
- Comparator
- mixture of 2,4-D + isoproturon and hand-weedinge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“sulfosulfuron proved the most effective herbicide against broad-leaf weeds and annual grasses, reducing their intensity as well as that of total weeds than the mixture of 2,4-D + isoproturon and hand-weeding”
t0“Efficacy of herbicides and fertilizer management on weed dynamics in wheat (Triticum aestivum)”
Claim · model-written summary
Sulfosulfuron had no adverse effect on perennial grasses and sedges.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- sulfosulfurone1
- Interactor
- perennial grasses and sedgese0weed
- Outcome
- perennial grasses and sedgese0
- Direction
- no adverse effecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“had no adverse effect on perennial grasses and sedges”
t0“Efficacy of herbicides and fertilizer management on weed dynamics in wheat (Triticum aestivum)”
e1“sulfosulfuron proved the most effective herbicide against broad-leaf weeds and annual grasses”
Claim · model-written summary
Hand weeding reduced perennial grass and sedge intensity.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- hand-weedinge0
- Interactor
- perennial grasses and sedgese0weed
- Outcome
- intensity of perennial grasses and sedgese0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“hand-weeding significantly reduced the intensity of perennial grasses and sedges”
t0“Efficacy of herbicides and fertilizer management on weed dynamics in wheat (Triticum aestivum)”
Claim · model-written summary
Sulfosulfuron reduced weed biomass and NPK depletion more than the herbicide mixture.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Sulfosulfurone0
- Interactor
- weedse0weed
- Outcome
- total dry biomass of weeds and NPK depletion by weedse0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- mixture of 2,4-D + isoproturone0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Sulfosulfuron also recorded significanty lower total dry biomass of weeds and NPK depletion by weeds than the mixture of 2,4-D + isoproturon”
t0“Efficacy of herbicides and fertilizer management on weed dynamics in wheat (Triticum aestivum)”
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