Abstract
The purpose of the present work was to evaluate effects of zinc application on growth and uptake and distribution of mineral nutrients under salinity stress [0, 33, 66, and 99 mM sodium chloride (NaCl)] in soybean plants. Results showed that, salinity levels caused a significant decrease in shoot dry and fresh weight in non-zinc application plants. Whereas, zinc application on plants exposed to salinity stress improved the shoot dry and fresh weight. Potassium (K) concentration, K/sodium (Na) and calcium (Ca)/Na ratios significantly decreased, while sodium (Na) concentration increased in root, shoot, and seed as soil salinity increased. Phosphorus (P) concentration significantly decreased in shoot under salinity stress. Moreover, calcium (Ca) significantly decreased in root, but increased in seed with increased salinization. Iron (Fe) concentration significantly decreased in all organs of plant (root, shoot, and seed) in response to salinity levels. Zinc (Zn) concentration of plant was not significantly affected by salinity stress. Copper (Cu) concentration significantly decreased by salinity in root. Nonetheless, manganese (Mn) concentration of root, shoot, and seed was not affected by experimental treatments. Zinc application increased Ca/Na (shoot and seed) ratio and K (shoot and seed), P (shoot), Ca (root and seed), Zn (root, shoot, and seed) and Fe (root and shoot) concentration in soybean plants under salinity stress. Zinc application decreased Na concentration in shoot tissue.
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Claims 19
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity significantly decreased shoot dry and fresh weight without zinc.
- Taxon
- Soybean
Glycine maxt0 - Treatment
- salinity levelse0
- Outcome
- shoot dry and fresh weighte0
- Direction
- decreasee0
- Comparator
- non-zinc application plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“salinity levels caused a significant decrease in shoot dry and fresh weight in non-zinc application plants”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc application improved shoot dry and fresh weight under salinity.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- zinc applicatione0
- Outcome
- shoot dry and fresh weighte0
- Direction
- improvede0
- Qualifier
- salinity stresse0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“zinc application on plants exposed to salinity stress improved the shoot dry and fresh weight”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing soil salinity significantly decreased potassium concentration in root, shoot and seed.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Organ / stage
- root, shoot, and seede0
- Treatment
- soil salinitye0
- Outcome
- Potassium (K) concentratione0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Potassium (K) concentration, K/sodium (Na) and calcium (Ca)/Na ratios significantly decreased, while sodium (Na) concentration increased in root, shoot, and seed as soil salinity increased”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing soil salinity significantly decreased K/sodium and calcium/Na ratios in root, shoot and seed.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Organ / stage
- root, shoot, and seede0
- Treatment
- soil salinitye0
- Outcome
- K/sodium (Na) and calcium (Ca)/Na ratiose0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“K/sodium (Na) and calcium (Ca)/Na ratios significantly decreased, while sodium (Na) concentration increased in root, shoot, and seed as soil salinity increased”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing soil salinity raised sodium concentration in root, shoot and seed.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Organ / stage
- root, shoot, and seede0
- Treatment
- soil salinitye0
- Outcome
- sodium (Na) concentratione0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“sodium (Na) concentration increased in root, shoot, and seed as soil salinity increased”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity significantly decreased shoot phosphorus concentration.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Organ / stage
- shoote0
- Treatment
- salinity stresse0
- Outcome
- Phosphorus (P) concentratione0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Phosphorus (P) concentration significantly decreased in shoot under salinity stress”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinization significantly decreased root calcium.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Organ / stage
- roote0
- Treatment
- increased salinizatione0
- Outcome
- calcium (Ca)e0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“calcium (Ca) significantly decreased in root, but increased in seed with increased salinization”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinization increased seed calcium.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Organ / stage
- seede0
- Treatment
- increased salinizatione0
- Outcome
- calcium (Ca)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“calcium (Ca) significantly decreased in root, but increased in seed with increased salinization”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity significantly decreased iron concentration in roots, shoots and seeds.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Organ / stage
- root, shoot, and seede0
- Treatment
- salinity levelse0
- Outcome
- Iron (Fe) concentratione0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Iron (Fe) concentration significantly decreased in all organs of plant (root, shoot, and seed) in response to salinity levels”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity did not significantly affect zinc concentration.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Treatment
- salinity stresse0
- Outcome
- Zinc (Zn) concentratione0
- Direction
- not significantly affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Zinc (Zn) concentration of plant was not significantly affected by salinity stress”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity significantly decreased root copper concentration.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Organ / stage
- roote0
- Treatment
- salinitye0
- Outcome
- Copper (Cu) concentratione0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Copper (Cu) concentration significantly decreased by salinity in root”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Experimental treatments did not affect manganese concentration in roots, shoots or seeds.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Organ / stage
- root, shoot, and seede0
- Treatment
- experimental treatmentse0
- Outcome
- manganese (Mn) concentratione0
- Direction
- not affectede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“manganese (Mn) concentration of root, shoot, and seed was not affected by experimental treatments”
t0“Soybean”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc application increased Ca/Na ratio in shoots and seeds under salinity.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- Zinc applicatione0
- Outcome
- Ca/Na (shoot and seed) ratioe0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Zinc application increased Ca/Na (shoot and seed) ratio and K (shoot and seed), P (shoot), Ca (root and seed), Zn (root, shoot, and seed) and Fe (root and shoot) concentration in soybean plants under salinity stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc application increased potassium concentration in shoots and seeds under salinity.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- Zinc applicatione0
- Outcome
- K (shoot and seed)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Zinc application increased Ca/Na (shoot and seed) ratio and K (shoot and seed), P (shoot), Ca (root and seed), Zn (root, shoot, and seed) and Fe (root and shoot) concentration in soybean plants under salinity stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc application increased shoot phosphorus concentration under salinity.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- Zinc applicatione0
- Outcome
- P (shoot)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Zinc application increased Ca/Na (shoot and seed) ratio and K (shoot and seed), P (shoot), Ca (root and seed), Zn (root, shoot, and seed) and Fe (root and shoot) concentration in soybean plants under salinity stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc application increased calcium concentration in roots and seeds under salinity.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- Zinc applicatione0
- Outcome
- Ca (root and seed)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Zinc application increased Ca/Na (shoot and seed) ratio and K (shoot and seed), P (shoot), Ca (root and seed), Zn (root, shoot, and seed) and Fe (root and shoot) concentration in soybean plants under salinity stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc application increased zinc concentration in roots, shoots and seeds under salinity.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- Zinc applicatione0
- Outcome
- Zn (root, shoot, and seed)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Zinc application increased Ca/Na (shoot and seed) ratio and K (shoot and seed), P (shoot), Ca (root and seed), Zn (root, shoot, and seed) and Fe (root and shoot) concentration in soybean plants under salinity stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc application increased iron concentration in roots and shoots under salinity.
- Taxon
- soybeanGlycine maxe0
- Treatment
- Zinc applicatione0
- Outcome
- Fe (root and shoot) concentratione0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Zinc application increased Ca/Na (shoot and seed) ratio and K (shoot and seed), P (shoot), Ca (root and seed), Zn (root, shoot, and seed) and Fe (root and shoot) concentration in soybean plants under salinity stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Zinc application decreased shoot sodium concentration.
- Taxon
- SoybeanGlycine maxt0
- Organ / stage
- shoot tissuee0
- Treatment
- Zinc applicatione0
- Outcome
- Na concentratione0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Zinc application decreased Na concentration in shoot tissue”
t0“Soybean”
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