Abstract
Abstract Zinc deficiency has been reported after P fertilization of corn ( Zea mays L.), but reasons for this deficiency are not clear. A field experiment was conducted for 3 years from 1970 to 1973 with a fixed wheat‐corn rotation to determine the effect of P and Zn fertilization on corn yield, uptake, and translocation of Zn, and to evaluate the parameters that would monitor best the P‐Zn interaction in corn. Five rates of P (0, 22, 44, 66, and 88 kg of P/ha), and four rates of Zn (0, 11, 22, and 44 kg of Zn/ha) were applied to P and Zn‐deficient soil (Ustipsamments) using a split‐plot design (with P in the main plots and Zn in the subplots). P was applied to all the six crops and Zn only to the first and second crops. Optimum response of corn to P was observed at 44 kg of P/ha. The high P supply beyond the optimum P rate produced severe Zn‐deficiency symptoms in treatments without added Zn and a significant decrease in grain and stover yields. This resulted from a significant decrease of Zn and a significant increase of P concentration in the shoots of the plant with a high P supply. An increase in the supply of Zn alleviated its deficiency symptoms, significantly increased Zn concentration and its uptake and resulted in a significant increase in growth and yield. The requirement of Zn increased at high (66 to 88 kg/ha) rates of P fertilization. The main effect of P on Zn utilization by corn was to reduce the rate of Zn entry into the roots and induce zinc deficiency. The P‐Zn disorder was better related with P/Zn ratio in the soil and in different parts of the corn plant than either with the P or Zn content of the tissues and soil. Values of P/Zn greater than 7.5 in the soil, 245 in grain, 130 in stover, 150 in the leaves (of 25‐day‐old plants) indicated a severe Zn deficiency in corn and a highly significant response to its application. The P/Zn values 4 to 7.5 in the soil, 150 to 245 in the grain, 90 to 130 in the stover, and 100 to 150 in the leaves indicated moderate Zn deficiency or response to its application.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Corn responded optimally to P fertilization at 44 kg P/ha.
- Taxon
- Corn
Zea mays subsp. mayst0 - Outcome
- Optimum response of corn to Pe1
- Value
- 44 kg of P/hae1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Corn to Zinc”
e1“Optimum response of corn to P was observed at 44 kg of P/ha”
Claim · model-written summary
High P supply beyond the optimum rate produced severe Zn deficiency symptoms in corn without added Zn.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- high P supply beyond the optimum P ratee1
- Outcome
- deficiency symptomse1
- Qualifier
- without added Zne1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Corn to Zinc”
e1“The high P supply beyond the optimum P rate produced severe Zn‐deficiency symptoms in treatments without added Zn”
Claim · model-written summary
High P supply decreased grain and stover yields of corn.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- high P supplye1
- Outcome
- grain and stover yieldse2
- Direction
- decreasee2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Corn to Zinc”
e1“The high P supply beyond the optimum P rate produced severe Zn‐deficiency symptoms in treatments without added Zn”
e2“a significant decrease in grain and stover yields”
Claim · model-written summary
High P supply decreased Zn concentration in corn shoots.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Organ / stage
- shootse1
- Treatment
- high P supplye1
- Outcome
- Zne1
- Direction
- decreasee1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Corn to Zinc”
e1“a significant decrease of Zn and a significant increase of P concentration in the shoots of the plant with a high P supply”
Claim · model-written summary
High P supply increased P concentration in corn shoots.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Organ / stage
- shootse1
- Treatment
- high P supplye1
- Outcome
- P concentratione1
- Direction
- increasee1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Corn to Zinc”
e1“a significant decrease of Zn and a significant increase of P concentration in the shoots of the plant with a high P supply”
Claim · model-written summary
Increased Zn supply alleviated Zn deficiency symptoms in corn.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- An increase in the supply of Zne1
- Outcome
- deficiency symptomse1
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Corn to Zinc”
e1“An increase in the supply of Zn alleviated its deficiency symptoms”
Claim · model-written summary
Increased Zn supply significantly increased Zn concentration and uptake in corn.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- An increase in the supply of Zne1
- Outcome
- Zn concentration and its uptakee2
- Direction
- increasede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Corn to Zinc”
e1“An increase in the supply of Zn alleviated its deficiency symptoms”
e2“significantly increased Zn concentration and its uptake”
Claim · model-written summary
Increased Zn supply significantly increased growth and yield of corn.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- An increase in the supply of Zne1
- Outcome
- growth and yielde2
- Direction
- increasee2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Corn to Zinc”
e1“An increase in the supply of Zn alleviated its deficiency symptoms”
e2“resulted in a significant increase in growth and yield”
Claim · model-written summary
High rates of P fertilization (66 to 88 kg/ha) increased the Zn requirement of corn.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- high (66 to 88 kg/ha) rates of P fertilizatione1
- Outcome
- requirement of Zne1
- Direction
- increasede1
- Value
- 66 to 88 kg/hae1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Corn to Zinc”
e1“The requirement of Zn increased at high (66 to 88 kg/ha) rates of P fertilization”
Claim · model-written summary
P reduced the rate of Zn entry into corn roots, inducing zinc deficiency.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Treatment
- Pe1
- Outcome
- rate of Zn entry into the rootse1
- Direction
- reducee1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Corn to Zinc”
e1“The main effect of P on Zn utilization by corn was to reduce the rate of Zn entry into the roots and induce zinc deficiency”
Claim · model-written summary
The P-Zn disorder in corn was better related to the P/Zn ratio in soil and plant parts than to P or Zn content.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Outcome
- disordere1
- Comparator
- P or Zn content of the tissues and soile1
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Corn to Zinc”
e1“The P‐Zn disorder was better related with P/Zn ratio in the soil and in different parts of the corn plant than either with the P or Zn content of the tissues and soil”
Claim · model-written summary
P/Zn values above 7.5 in soil, 245 in grain, 130 in stover and 150 in leaves indicated severe Zn deficiency in corn.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Outcome
- severe Zn deficiencye1
- Value
- greater than 7.5 in the soil, 245 in grain, 130 in stover, 150 in the leavese1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Corn to Zinc”
e1“Values of P/Zn greater than 7.5 in the soil, 245 in grain, 130 in stover, 150 in the leaves (of 25‐day‐old plants) indicated a severe Zn deficiency in corn and a highly significant response to its application”
Claim · model-written summary
P/Zn values of 4 to 7.5 in soil, 150 to 245 in grain, 90 to 130 in stover and 100 to 150 in leaves indicated moderate Zn deficiency or response in corn.
- Taxon
- CornZea mays subsp. mayst0
- Outcome
- moderate Zn deficiencye1
- Value
- 4 to 7.5 in the soil, 150 to 245 in the grain, 90 to 130 in the stover, and 100 to 150 in the leavese1
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
t0“Corn to Zinc”
e1“The P/Zn values 4 to 7.5 in the soil, 150 to 245 in the grain, 90 to 130 in the stover, and 100 to 150 in the leaves indicated moderate Zn deficiency or response to its application”
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