Abstract
Thinopyrum intermedium is resistant to many different pathogens. To understand the roles of ethylene response factors (ERFs) in defence responses, the first member of the ERF family in T. intermedium, TiERF1, was characterized and functionally analysed in this study. The TiERF1 gene encodes a putative protein of 292 amino acids, belonging to the B3 subgroup of the ERF transcription factor family. Biochemical assays demonstrated that the TiERF1 protein is capable of binding to the GCC box, a cis-element present in the promoters of pathogenesis-related (PR) genes, and possessing transactivation activity, as well as localizing to the nucleus. The transcript of TiERF1 in T. intermedium is rapidly induced by infection with Rhizoctonia cerealis, Fusarium graminearum, or Blumeria graminis, and ethylene, jasmonic acid, and salicylic acid treatments. More importantly, the ectopic expression of TiERF1 in tobacco activated the transcript of the PR genes of tobacco with a GCC box cis-element, and ACO and ACS genes key to ethylene synthesis, and in turn improved the resistance level to Alternaria alternata and tobacco mosaic virus, as well as causing some phenotypic changes associated with ethylene response in the transgenic tobacco plants. Taken together, TiERF1 protein as an ERF transcription activator positively regulates defence responses via the activation of some defence-related genes.
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Claims 16
Claim · model-written summary
TiERF1 encodes a 292-amino-acid ERF protein.
- Taxon
- T. intermedium
Thinopyrum intermediume0e1e2e3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The TiERF1 gene encodes a putative protein of 292 amino acids, belonging to the B3 subgroup of the ERF transcription factor family”
e1“TiERF1 in T. intermedium is rapidly induced”
e2“the ectopic expression of TiERF1 in tobacco activated”
e3“improved the resistance level to Alternaria alternata”
Claim · model-written summary
TiERF1 binds the GCC box.
- Taxon
- T. intermediumThinopyrum intermediume0e1e2e3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the TiERF1 protein is capable of binding to the GCC box”
e1“TiERF1 in T. intermedium is rapidly induced”
e2“the ectopic expression of TiERF1 in tobacco activated”
e3“improved the resistance level to Alternaria alternata”
Claim · model-written summary
TiERF1 has transactivation activity.
- Taxon
- T. intermediumThinopyrum intermediume0e1e2e3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“possessing transactivation activity”
e1“TiERF1 in T. intermedium is rapidly induced”
e2“the ectopic expression of TiERF1 in tobacco activated”
e3“improved the resistance level to Alternaria alternata”
Claim · model-written summary
TiERF1 localizes to the nucleus.
- Taxon
- T. intermediumThinopyrum intermediume0e1e2e3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“localizing to the nucleus”
e1“TiERF1 in T. intermedium is rapidly induced”
e2“the ectopic expression of TiERF1 in tobacco activated”
e3“improved the resistance level to Alternaria alternata”
Claim · model-written summary
Rhizoctonia cerealis infection induces TiERF1 transcription.
- Taxon
- T. intermediumThinopyrum intermediume0e1e2e3
- Interactor
- Rhizoctonia cerealis
Ceratobasidium cerealee0e1e2e3pathogen
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“TiERF1 in T. intermedium is rapidly induced by infection with Rhizoctonia cerealis”
e1“TiERF1 in T. intermedium is rapidly induced”
e2“the ectopic expression of TiERF1 in tobacco activated”
e3“improved the resistance level to Alternaria alternata”
Claim · model-written summary
Fusarium graminearum infection induces TiERF1 transcription.
- Taxon
- T. intermediumThinopyrum intermediume0e1e2e3
- Interactor
- Fusarium graminearum
_on_Corn_(Zea_mays)_at_Waimea%2C_Hawaii.jpg?width=60)
Fusarium graminearume0e1e2e3pathogen
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
_on_Corn_(Zea_mays)_at_Waimea%2C_Hawaii.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“TiERF1 in T. intermedium is rapidly induced by infection with Rhizoctonia cerealis, Fusarium graminearum”
e1“TiERF1 in T. intermedium is rapidly induced”
e2“the ectopic expression of TiERF1 in tobacco activated”
e3“improved the resistance level to Alternaria alternata”
Claim · model-written summary
Blumeria graminis infection induces TiERF1 transcription.
- Taxon
- T. intermediumThinopyrum intermediume0e1e2e3
- Interactor
- Blumeria graminis
Blumeria graminise0e1e2e3pathogen
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“TiERF1 in T. intermedium is rapidly induced by infection with Rhizoctonia cerealis, Fusarium graminearum, or Blumeria graminis”
e1“TiERF1 in T. intermedium is rapidly induced”
e2“the ectopic expression of TiERF1 in tobacco activated”
e3“improved the resistance level to Alternaria alternata”
Claim · model-written summary
Ethylene induces TiERF1 transcription.
- Taxon
- T. intermediumThinopyrum intermediume0e1e2e3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“and ethylene, jasmonic acid, and salicylic acid treatments”
e1“TiERF1 in T. intermedium is rapidly induced”
e2“the ectopic expression of TiERF1 in tobacco activated”
e3“improved the resistance level to Alternaria alternata”
Claim · model-written summary
Jasmonic acid induces TiERF1 transcription.
- Taxon
- T. intermediumThinopyrum intermediume0e1e2e3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ethylene, jasmonic acid, and salicylic acid treatments”
e1“TiERF1 in T. intermedium is rapidly induced”
e2“the ectopic expression of TiERF1 in tobacco activated”
e3“improved the resistance level to Alternaria alternata”
Claim · model-written summary
Salicylic acid induces TiERF1 transcription.
- Taxon
- T. intermediumThinopyrum intermediume0e1e2e3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ethylene, jasmonic acid, and salicylic acid treatments”
e1“TiERF1 in T. intermedium is rapidly induced”
e2“the ectopic expression of TiERF1 in tobacco activated”
e3“improved the resistance level to Alternaria alternata”
Claim · model-written summary
Ectopic TiERF1 expression activates tobacco PR genes.
- Taxon
- tobacco
Nicotiana tabacume0e1e2e3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the ectopic expression of TiERF1 in tobacco activated the transcript of the PR genes of tobacco with a GCC box cis-element”
e1“TiERF1 in T. intermedium is rapidly induced”
e2“the ectopic expression of TiERF1 in tobacco activated”
e3“improved the resistance level to Alternaria alternata”
Claim · model-written summary
Ectopic TiERF1 expression activates tobacco ACO and ACS genes.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume0e1e2e3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“and ACO and ACS genes key to ethylene synthesis”
e1“TiERF1 in T. intermedium is rapidly induced”
e2“the ectopic expression of TiERF1 in tobacco activated”
e3“improved the resistance level to Alternaria alternata”
Claim · model-written summary
Ectopic TiERF1 raises tobacco resistance to Alternaria alternata.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume0e1e2e3
- Interactor
- Alternaria alternata
.jpg?width=60)
Alternaria alternatae0e1e2e3pathogen
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
.jpg?width=500)
Verbatim
e0“improved the resistance level to Alternaria alternata”
e1“TiERF1 in T. intermedium is rapidly induced”
e2“the ectopic expression of TiERF1 in tobacco activated”
e3“improved the resistance level to Alternaria alternata”
Claim · model-written summary
Ectopic TiERF1 raises tobacco resistance to tobacco mosaic virus.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume0e1e2e3
- Interactor
- tobacco mosaic virus
Tobacco mosaic viruse0e1e2e3pathogen
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“and tobacco mosaic virus”
e1“TiERF1 in T. intermedium is rapidly induced”
e2“the ectopic expression of TiERF1 in tobacco activated”
e3“improved the resistance level to Alternaria alternata”
Claim · model-written summary
TiERF1 expression caused ethylene-related tobacco phenotypic changes.
- Taxon
- tobaccoNicotiana tabacume0e1e2e3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“causing some phenotypic changes associated with ethylene response in the transgenic tobacco plants”
e1“TiERF1 in T. intermedium is rapidly induced”
e2“the ectopic expression of TiERF1 in tobacco activated”
e3“improved the resistance level to Alternaria alternata”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors infer TiERF1 activates defence genes to regulate defence.
- Taxon
- T. intermediumThinopyrum intermediume0e1e2e3
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“TiERF1 protein as an ERF transcription activator positively regulates defence responses via the activation of some defence-related genes”
e1“TiERF1 in T. intermedium is rapidly induced”
e2“the ectopic expression of TiERF1 in tobacco activated”
e3“improved the resistance level to Alternaria alternata”
The same questions in other papers
overexpression · Tobacco mosaic virus · Nicotiana tabacum (tobacco)Positive and negative results
1 paper in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- negative
- positive
overexpression · molecular: expression · Nicotiana tabacum (tobacco)Positive and negative results
15 papers in the same direction as this paper · 6 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- negative
- negative
18 papers more in this group
See all 22 papers →overexpression · Alternaria alternata · Nicotiana tabacum (tobacco)Results agree
3 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
- positive
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.