Abstract
Abstract Experiments were conducted from 1999 through 2001 in North Carolina to determine peanut response under weed-free conditions to applications of postemergence herbicides. In one set of experiments, peanut tolerance to acifluorfen plus bentazon or acifluorfen plus bentazon plus 2,4-DB applied alone or with diclosulam, dimethenamid, flumioxazin, or metolachlor 6 to 8 wk after peanut emergence was evaluated. In a second set of experiments, paraquat plus bentazon was applied alone or with diclosulam, dimethenamid, flumioxazin, imazethapyr, or metolachlor 2 wk after peanut emergence. In a third set of experiments, imazapic was applied alone or with diclosulam or flumioxazin 3 to 4 wk after peanut emergence. In the fourth experiment, 2,4-DB was applied approximately 7, 5, or 3 wk before digging and inversion of vines. Flumioxazin applied alone or with aciflurofen plus bentazon (with or without 2,4-DB) injured peanut more than diclosulam, dimethenamid, or metolachlor applied alone or with acifluorfen plus bentazon or aciflurofen plus bentazon plus 2,4-DB. Flumioxazin reduced pod yield 620 kg/ha when compared to non-treated peanut. Additionally, acifluorfen plus bentazon and acifluorfen plus bentazon plus 2,4-DB reduced yield by 200 and 150 kg/ha, respectively, when compared with non-treated peanut. Flumioxazin applied with paraquat plus bentazon was more injurious than diclosulam, dimethenamid, imazethapyr, or metolachlor applied with paraquat plus bentazon. There was no difference in peanut injury when paraquat plus bentazon was applied alone or with diclosulam. Dimethenamid or metolachlor increased injury by paraquat plus bentazon. Although diclosulam did not affect peanut injury from imazapic, injury increased when imazapic was applied with flumioxazin. When pooled over nine sites, 2,4-DB did not adversely affect pod yield, gross economic value, or percent seed germination when applied 7, 5, or 3 wk before vine inversion.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Flumioxazin alone or with acifluorfen plus bentazon injured peanut more than the named alternative herbicides.
- Taxon
- peanut
Arachis hypogaeae0 - Treatment
- Flumioxazin applied alone or with aciflurofen plus bentazon (with or without 2,4-DB)e0
- Outcome
- injured peanute0
- Direction
- moree0
- Comparator
- diclosulam, dimethenamid, or metolachlore0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Flumioxazin applied alone or with aciflurofen plus bentazon (with or without 2,4-DB) injured peanut more than diclosulam, dimethenamid, or metolachlor applied alone or with acifluorfen plus bentazon or aciflurofen plus bentazon plus 2,4-DB”
Claim · model-written summary
Flumioxazin reduced peanut pod yield by 620 kg/ha compared with untreated peanut.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- Flumioxazine0
- Outcome
- pod yielde0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 620 kg/hae0
- Comparator
- non-treated peanute0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Flumioxazin reduced pod yield 620 kg/ha when compared to non-treated peanut”
t0“Peanut”
Claim · model-written summary
Acifluorfen plus bentazon reduced peanut yield by 200 kg/ha versus untreated peanut.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- acifluorfen plus bentazone0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 200e0
- Comparator
- non-treated peanute0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“acifluorfen plus bentazon and acifluorfen plus bentazon plus 2,4-DB reduced yield by 200 and 150 kg/ha, respectively, when compared with non-treated peanut”
t0“Peanut”
Claim · model-written summary
Acifluorfen plus bentazon plus 2,4-DB reduced peanut yield by 150 kg/ha versus untreated peanut.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- acifluorfen plus bentazon plus 2,4-DBe0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- reducede0
- Value
- 150 kg/hae0
- Comparator
- non-treated peanute0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“acifluorfen plus bentazon and acifluorfen plus bentazon plus 2,4-DB reduced yield by 200 and 150 kg/ha, respectively, when compared with non-treated peanut”
t0“Peanut”
Claim · model-written summary
Flumioxazin plus paraquat and bentazon injured peanut more than the named alternatives with paraquat and bentazon.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- Flumioxazin applied with paraquat plus bentazone0
- Outcome
- injuriouse0
- Direction
- more injuriouse0
- Comparator
- diclosulam, dimethenamid, imazethapyr, or metolachlor applied with paraquat plus bentazone0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Flumioxazin applied with paraquat plus bentazon was more injurious than diclosulam, dimethenamid, imazethapyr, or metolachlor applied with paraquat plus bentazon”
t0“Peanut”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding diclosulam to paraquat plus bentazon did not change peanut injury.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae0
- Treatment
- paraquat plus bentazon was applied alone or with diclosulame0
- Outcome
- peanut injurye0
- Direction
- no differencee0
- Comparator
- paraquat plus bentazon was applied alonee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“There was no difference in peanut injury when paraquat plus bentazon was applied alone or with diclosulam”
Claim · model-written summary
Dimethenamid increased peanut injury with paraquat plus bentazon.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- Dimethenamide0
- Outcome
- injury by paraquat plus bentazone0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Dimethenamid or metolachlor increased injury by paraquat plus bentazon”
t0“Peanut”
Claim · model-written summary
Metolachlor increased peanut injury with paraquat plus bentazon.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- metolachlore0
- Outcome
- injury by paraquat plus bentazone0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Dimethenamid or metolachlor increased injury by paraquat plus bentazon”
t0“Peanut”
Claim · model-written summary
Diclosulam did not affect peanut injury from imazapic.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae0
- Treatment
- diclosulame0
- Outcome
- peanut injury from imazapice0
- Direction
- did not affecte0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Although diclosulam did not affect peanut injury from imazapic, injury increased when imazapic was applied with flumioxazin”
Claim · model-written summary
Adding flumioxazin to imazapic increased peanut injury.
- Taxon
- peanutArachis hypogaeae0
- Treatment
- imazapic was applied with flumioxazine0
- Outcome
- injurye0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Although diclosulam did not affect peanut injury from imazapic, injury increased when imazapic was applied with flumioxazin”
Claim · model-written summary
Across nine sites, 2,4-DB applied at the three intervals before inversion did not adversely affect pod yield, gross economic value or seed germination.
- Taxon
- PeanutArachis hypogaeat0
- Treatment
- 2,4-DBe0
- Outcome
- pod yield, gross economic value, or percent seed germinatione0
- Direction
- did not adversely affecte0
- Qualifier
- 7, 5, or 3 wk before vine inversione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“When pooled over nine sites, 2,4-DB did not adversely affect pod yield, gross economic value, or percent seed germination when applied 7, 5, or 3 wk before vine inversion”
t0“Peanut”
The same questions in other papers
flumioxazin · yield · Arachis hypogaea (peanut)Results differ
9 papers in the same direction as this paper · 10 in the opposite direction
- positive
- no effect
- positive
16 papers more in this group
See all 20 papers →metolachlor · crop injury · Arachis hypogaea (peanut)Positive and negative results
3 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
- negative
1 paper more in this group
See all 5 papers →bentazone · crop injury · Arachis hypogaea (peanut)Positive and negative results
2 papers in the same direction as this paper · 4 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
3 papers more in this group
See all 7 papers →imazapic · crop injury · Arachis hypogaea (peanut)Positive and negative results
5 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- positive
- negative
- negative
3 papers more in this group
See all 7 papers →paraquat · crop injury · Arachis hypogaea (peanut)Positive and negative results
5 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 reporting no difference from an alternative
- no effect
- positive
- positive
5 papers more in this group
See all 9 papers →acifluorfen · yield · Arachis hypogaea (peanut)Positive and negative results
6 papers in the same direction as this paper · 7 in the opposite direction
- negative
- positive
- positive
10 papers more in this group
See all 14 papers →bentazone · yield · Arachis hypogaea (peanut)Positive and negative results
6 papers in the same direction as this paper · 8 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- positive
11 papers more in this group
See all 15 papers →dimethenamid · crop injury · Arachis hypogaea (peanut)Results agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- negative
- negative
8 of 10 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.