Abstract
Leaf senescence is the final leaf developmental process that is regulated by both intracellular factors and environmental conditions. The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling cascades have been shown to play important roles in regulating leaf senescence; however, the component(s) downstream of the MAPK cascades in regulating leaf senescence are not fully understood. Here we showed that the transcriptions of ZmMEK1, ZmSIMK1, and ZmMPK3 were induced during dark-induced maize leaf senescence. Furthermore, in-gel kinase analysis revealed the 42 kDa MAPK was activated. ZmMEK1 interacted with ZmSIMK1 in yeast and maize mesophyll protoplasts and ZmSIMK1 was activated by ZmMEK1 in vitro. Expression of a dominant negative mutant of ZmMEK1 in Arabidopsis transgenic plants induced salicylic acid (SA) accumulation and SA-dependent leaf senescence. ZmMEK1 interacted with Arabidopsis MPK4 in yeast and activated MPK4 in vitro. SA treatment accelerated dark-induced maize leaf senescence. Moreover, blockage of MAPK signaling increased endogenous SA accumulation in maize leaves. These findings suggest that ZmMEK1-ZmSIMK1 cascade and its modulating SA levels play important roles in regulating leaf senescence.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Dark-induced maize senescence induced ZmMEK1, ZmSIMK1 and ZmMPK3 transcription.
- Organ / stage
- leaf senescencee0
- Gene
- ZmMEK1, ZmSIMK1, and ZmMPK3e0
- Outcome
- transcriptionse0
- Direction
- inducede0
Zea maysOrganisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the transcriptions of ZmMEK1, ZmSIMK1, and ZmMPK3 were induced during dark-induced maize leaf senescence.”
Claim · model-written summary
A 42 kDa MAPK was activated.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“in-gel kinase analysis revealed the 42 kDa MAPK was activated.”
t0“leaf senescence”
e1“the transcriptions of ZmMEK1, ZmSIMK1, and ZmMPK3 were induced during dark-induced maize leaf senescence.”
Claim · model-written summary
ZmMEK1 interacted with ZmSIMK1 in yeast and maize protoplasts.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ZmMEK1 interacted with ZmSIMK1 in yeast and maize mesophyll protoplasts”
Claim · model-written summary
ZmMEK1 activated ZmSIMK1 in vitro.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ZmSIMK1 was activated by ZmMEK1 in vitro.”
t0“leaf senescence”
e1“the transcriptions of ZmMEK1, ZmSIMK1, and ZmMPK3 were induced during dark-induced maize leaf senescence.”
Claim · model-written summary
Dominant-negative ZmMEK1 expression caused SA accumulation in transgenic Arabidopsis.
- Taxon
- Arabidopsis
Arabidopsise0 - Treatment
- Expression of a dominant negative mutant of ZmMEK1e0
- Gene
- ZmMEK1e0
- Outcome
- salicylic acid (SA) accumulatione0
- Direction
- inducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Expression of a dominant negative mutant of ZmMEK1 in Arabidopsis transgenic plants induced salicylic acid (SA) accumulation and SA-dependent leaf senescence.”
Claim · model-written summary
Dominant-negative ZmMEK1 expression induced SA-dependent leaf senescence in Arabidopsis.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise0
- Treatment
- Expression of a dominant negative mutant of ZmMEK1e0
- Gene
- ZmMEK1e0
- Compound
- salicylic acid (SA)e0
- Outcome
- SA-dependent leaf senescencee0
- Direction
- inducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Expression of a dominant negative mutant of ZmMEK1 in Arabidopsis transgenic plants induced salicylic acid (SA) accumulation and SA-dependent leaf senescence.”
Claim · model-written summary
ZmMEK1 interacted with Arabidopsis MPK4 in yeast.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise0
- Gene
- Arabidopsis MPK4e0
- Outcome
- interacted with Arabidopsis MPK4e0
- Setting
- yeaste0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ZmMEK1 interacted with Arabidopsis MPK4 in yeast and activated MPK4 in vitro.”
Claim · model-written summary
ZmMEK1 activated Arabidopsis MPK4 in vitro.
- Taxon
- ArabidopsisArabidopsise0
- Treatment
- ZmMEK1e0
- Gene
- MPK4e0
- Outcome
- MPK4e0
- Direction
- activatede0
- Setting
- in vitroe0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“ZmMEK1 interacted with Arabidopsis MPK4 in yeast and activated MPK4 in vitro.”
Claim · model-written summary
SA treatment accelerated dark-induced maize leaf senescence.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“SA treatment accelerated dark-induced maize leaf senescence.”
Claim · model-written summary
Blocking MAPK signaling increased endogenous SA accumulation in maize leaves.
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Treatment
- blockage of MAPK signalinge0
- Outcome
- endogenous SA accumulatione0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“blockage of MAPK signaling increased endogenous SA accumulation in maize leaves.”
Claim · model-written summary
Authors propose that the ZmMEK1-ZmSIMK1 cascade regulates leaf senescence by modulating SA levels.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“These findings suggest that ZmMEK1-ZmSIMK1 cascade and its modulating SA levels play important roles in regulating leaf senescence.”
t0“leaf senescence”
e1“the transcriptions of ZmMEK1, ZmSIMK1, and ZmMPK3 were induced during dark-induced maize leaf senescence.”
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See all 26 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.