Effect of Organic Manures, Organic Supplements and Biofertilizers on Growth and Yield of Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp]

Abstract

A field experiment was conducted at Horticulture farm, Department of Horticulture, SHUATS, Allahabad. The experiment consisted of two Bulky organic manures (FYM and Vermicompost), two liquid organic supplements (Fish Amino Acid (FAA) and Panchagavya) and Biofertilizers [Rhizobium and Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria (PSB)]. The result revealed that treatment T14 (Vermicompost + Fish Amino Acid + Panchagavya + Biofertilizers) was found to be best in terms of plant height (56.17 cm), number of leaves (57.07), number of branches (28.93), number of root nodules (21.73), length of pods (36.84 cm), width of pods (0.69 cm), days of germination (3.3), number of pods per plant (37.70), number of seeds per pod (14.10), pod weight (17.63), pod yield (254.03 q/ha) (4.7) followed by T13 (Vermicompost + Panchagavya + Biofertilizers) with plant height (56.04 cm), number of leaves (56.93), number of branches (27.67), number of root nodules (20.37), length of pods (36.19 cm), width of pods (0.66 cm), days of germination (3.7), number of pods per plant (37.17), number of seeds per pod (13.93), pod weight (17.10), pod yield (240 q/ha).

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Claims 13

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

T14 (Vermicompost + Fish Amino Acid + Panchagavya + Biofertilizers) was best for plant height (56.17 cm) in cowpea compared with T13.

Taxon: Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp]Vigna unguiculatat0
Treatment: T14 (Vermicompost + Fish Amino Acid + Panchagavya + Biofertilizers)e1
Outcome: plant heighte1
Direction: beste1
Value: 56.17 cme1
Comparator: T13 (Vermicompost + Panchagavya + Biofertilizers)e1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

*Vigna unguiculata* · TaxonHeraldDesa at English Wikipedia · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

t0
“Yield of Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp]”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 80–125 · show in text ↑

e1
“treatment T14 (Vermicompost + Fish Amino Acid + Panchagavya + Biofertilizers) was found to be best in terms of plant height (56.17 cm), number of leaves (57.07), number of branches (28.93), number of root nodules (21.73), length of pods (36.84 cm), width of pods (0.69 cm), days of germination (3.3), number of pods per plant (37.70), number of seeds per pod (14.10), pod weight (17.63), pod yield (254.03 q/ha) (4.7) followed by T13 (Vermicompost + Panchagavya + Biofertilizers)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 350–829 · show in text ↑

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

T14 (Vermicompost + Fish Amino Acid + Panchagavya + Biofertilizers) was best for number of leaves (57.07) in cowpea compared with T13.

Taxon: Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp]Vigna unguiculatat0
Treatment: T14 (Vermicompost + Fish Amino Acid + Panchagavya + Biofertilizers)e1
Outcome: number of leavese1
Direction: beste1
Value: 57.07e1
Comparator: T13 (Vermicompost + Panchagavya + Biofertilizers)e1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

t0
“Yield of Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp]”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 80–125 · show in text ↑

e1
“treatment T14 (Vermicompost + Fish Amino Acid + Panchagavya + Biofertilizers) was found to be best in terms of plant height (56.17 cm), number of leaves (57.07), number of branches (28.93), number of root nodules (21.73), length of pods (36.84 cm), width of pods (0.69 cm), days of germination (3.3), number of pods per plant (37.70), number of seeds per pod (14.10), pod weight (17.63), pod yield (254.03 q/ha) (4.7) followed by T13 (Vermicompost + Panchagavya + Biofertilizers)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 350–829 · show in text ↑

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

T14 (Vermicompost + Fish Amino Acid + Panchagavya + Biofertilizers) was best for number of branches (28.93) in cowpea compared with T13.

Taxon: Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp]Vigna unguiculatat0
Treatment: T14 (Vermicompost + Fish Amino Acid + Panchagavya + Biofertilizers)e1
Outcome: number of branchese1
Direction: beste1
Value: 28.93e1
Comparator: T13 (Vermicompost + Panchagavya + Biofertilizers)e1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

t0
“Yield of Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp]”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 80–125 · show in text ↑

e1
“treatment T14 (Vermicompost + Fish Amino Acid + Panchagavya + Biofertilizers) was found to be best in terms of plant height (56.17 cm), number of leaves (57.07), number of branches (28.93), number of root nodules (21.73), length of pods (36.84 cm), width of pods (0.69 cm), days of germination (3.3), number of pods per plant (37.70), number of seeds per pod (14.10), pod weight (17.63), pod yield (254.03 q/ha) (4.7) followed by T13 (Vermicompost + Panchagavya + Biofertilizers)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 350–829 · show in text ↑

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

T14 (Vermicompost + Fish Amino Acid + Panchagavya + Biofertilizers) was best for number of root nodules (21.73) in cowpea compared with T13.

Taxon: Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp]Vigna unguiculatat0
Treatment: T14 (Vermicompost + Fish Amino Acid + Panchagavya + Biofertilizers)e1
Outcome: number of root nodulese1
Direction: beste1
Value: 21.73e1
Comparator: T13 (Vermicompost + Panchagavya + Biofertilizers)e1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

t0
“Yield of Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp]”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 80–125 · show in text ↑

e1
“treatment T14 (Vermicompost + Fish Amino Acid + Panchagavya + Biofertilizers) was found to be best in terms of plant height (56.17 cm), number of leaves (57.07), number of branches (28.93), number of root nodules (21.73), length of pods (36.84 cm), width of pods (0.69 cm), days of germination (3.3), number of pods per plant (37.70), number of seeds per pod (14.10), pod weight (17.63), pod yield (254.03 q/ha) (4.7) followed by T13 (Vermicompost + Panchagavya + Biofertilizers)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 350–829 · show in text ↑

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

T14 (Vermicompost + Fish Amino Acid + Panchagavya + Biofertilizers) was best for length of pods (36.84 cm) in cowpea compared with T13.

Taxon: Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp]Vigna unguiculatat0
Treatment: T14 (Vermicompost + Fish Amino Acid + Panchagavya + Biofertilizers)e1
Outcome: length of podse1
Direction: beste1
Value: 36.84 cme1
Comparator: T13 (Vermicompost + Panchagavya + Biofertilizers)e1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

t0
“Yield of Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp]”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 80–125 · show in text ↑

e1
“treatment T14 (Vermicompost + Fish Amino Acid + Panchagavya + Biofertilizers) was found to be best in terms of plant height (56.17 cm), number of leaves (57.07), number of branches (28.93), number of root nodules (21.73), length of pods (36.84 cm), width of pods (0.69 cm), days of germination (3.3), number of pods per plant (37.70), number of seeds per pod (14.10), pod weight (17.63), pod yield (254.03 q/ha) (4.7) followed by T13 (Vermicompost + Panchagavya + Biofertilizers)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 350–829 · show in text ↑

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

T14 (Vermicompost + Fish Amino Acid + Panchagavya + Biofertilizers) was best for width of pods (0.69 cm) in cowpea compared with T13.

Taxon: Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp]Vigna unguiculatat0
Treatment: T14 (Vermicompost + Fish Amino Acid + Panchagavya + Biofertilizers)e1
Outcome: width of podse1
Direction: beste1
Value: 0.69 cme1
Comparator: T13 (Vermicompost + Panchagavya + Biofertilizers)e1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

t0
“Yield of Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp]”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 80–125 · show in text ↑

e1
“treatment T14 (Vermicompost + Fish Amino Acid + Panchagavya + Biofertilizers) was found to be best in terms of plant height (56.17 cm), number of leaves (57.07), number of branches (28.93), number of root nodules (21.73), length of pods (36.84 cm), width of pods (0.69 cm), days of germination (3.3), number of pods per plant (37.70), number of seeds per pod (14.10), pod weight (17.63), pod yield (254.03 q/ha) (4.7) followed by T13 (Vermicompost + Panchagavya + Biofertilizers)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 350–829 · show in text ↑

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

T14 (Vermicompost + Fish Amino Acid + Panchagavya + Biofertilizers) was best for days of germination (3.3) in cowpea compared with T13.

Taxon: Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp]Vigna unguiculatat0
Treatment: T14 (Vermicompost + Fish Amino Acid + Panchagavya + Biofertilizers)e1
Outcome: days of germinatione1
Direction: beste1
Value: 3.3e1
Comparator: T13 (Vermicompost + Panchagavya + Biofertilizers)e1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

t0
“Yield of Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp]”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 80–125 · show in text ↑

e1
“treatment T14 (Vermicompost + Fish Amino Acid + Panchagavya + Biofertilizers) was found to be best in terms of plant height (56.17 cm), number of leaves (57.07), number of branches (28.93), number of root nodules (21.73), length of pods (36.84 cm), width of pods (0.69 cm), days of germination (3.3), number of pods per plant (37.70), number of seeds per pod (14.10), pod weight (17.63), pod yield (254.03 q/ha) (4.7) followed by T13 (Vermicompost + Panchagavya + Biofertilizers)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 350–829 · show in text ↑

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

T14 (Vermicompost + Fish Amino Acid + Panchagavya + Biofertilizers) was best for number of pods per plant (37.70) in cowpea compared with T13.

Taxon: Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp]Vigna unguiculatat0
Treatment: T14 (Vermicompost + Fish Amino Acid + Panchagavya + Biofertilizers)e1
Outcome: number of pods per plante1
Direction: beste1
Value: 37.70e1
Comparator: T13 (Vermicompost + Panchagavya + Biofertilizers)e1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

t0
“Yield of Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp]”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 80–125 · show in text ↑

e1
“treatment T14 (Vermicompost + Fish Amino Acid + Panchagavya + Biofertilizers) was found to be best in terms of plant height (56.17 cm), number of leaves (57.07), number of branches (28.93), number of root nodules (21.73), length of pods (36.84 cm), width of pods (0.69 cm), days of germination (3.3), number of pods per plant (37.70), number of seeds per pod (14.10), pod weight (17.63), pod yield (254.03 q/ha) (4.7) followed by T13 (Vermicompost + Panchagavya + Biofertilizers)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 350–829 · show in text ↑

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

T14 (Vermicompost + Fish Amino Acid + Panchagavya + Biofertilizers) was best for number of seeds per pod (14.10) in cowpea compared with T13.

Taxon: Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp]Vigna unguiculatat0
Treatment: T14 (Vermicompost + Fish Amino Acid + Panchagavya + Biofertilizers)e1
Outcome: number of seeds per pode1
Direction: beste1
Value: 14.10e1
Comparator: T13 (Vermicompost + Panchagavya + Biofertilizers)e1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

t0
“Yield of Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp]”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 80–125 · show in text ↑

e1
“treatment T14 (Vermicompost + Fish Amino Acid + Panchagavya + Biofertilizers) was found to be best in terms of plant height (56.17 cm), number of leaves (57.07), number of branches (28.93), number of root nodules (21.73), length of pods (36.84 cm), width of pods (0.69 cm), days of germination (3.3), number of pods per plant (37.70), number of seeds per pod (14.10), pod weight (17.63), pod yield (254.03 q/ha) (4.7) followed by T13 (Vermicompost + Panchagavya + Biofertilizers)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 350–829 · show in text ↑

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

T14 (Vermicompost + Fish Amino Acid + Panchagavya + Biofertilizers) was best for pod weight (17.63) in cowpea compared with T13.

Taxon: Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp]Vigna unguiculatat0
Treatment: T14 (Vermicompost + Fish Amino Acid + Panchagavya + Biofertilizers)e1
Outcome: pod weighte1
Direction: beste1
Value: 17.63e1
Comparator: T13 (Vermicompost + Panchagavya + Biofertilizers)e1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

t0
“Yield of Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp]”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 80–125 · show in text ↑

e1
“treatment T14 (Vermicompost + Fish Amino Acid + Panchagavya + Biofertilizers) was found to be best in terms of plant height (56.17 cm), number of leaves (57.07), number of branches (28.93), number of root nodules (21.73), length of pods (36.84 cm), width of pods (0.69 cm), days of germination (3.3), number of pods per plant (37.70), number of seeds per pod (14.10), pod weight (17.63), pod yield (254.03 q/ha) (4.7) followed by T13 (Vermicompost + Panchagavya + Biofertilizers)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 350–829 · show in text ↑

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

T14 (Vermicompost + Fish Amino Acid + Panchagavya + Biofertilizers) was best for pod yield (254.03 q/ha) in cowpea compared with T13.

Taxon: Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp]Vigna unguiculatat0
Treatment: T14 (Vermicompost + Fish Amino Acid + Panchagavya + Biofertilizers)e1
Outcome: pod yielde1
Direction: beste1
Value: 254.03 q/hae1
Comparator: T13 (Vermicompost + Panchagavya + Biofertilizers)e1

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

t0
“Yield of Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp]”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 80–125 · show in text ↑

e1
“treatment T14 (Vermicompost + Fish Amino Acid + Panchagavya + Biofertilizers) was found to be best in terms of plant height (56.17 cm), number of leaves (57.07), number of branches (28.93), number of root nodules (21.73), length of pods (36.84 cm), width of pods (0.69 cm), days of germination (3.3), number of pods per plant (37.70), number of seeds per pod (14.10), pod weight (17.63), pod yield (254.03 q/ha) (4.7) followed by T13 (Vermicompost + Panchagavya + Biofertilizers)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 350–829 · show in text ↑

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

T13 (Vermicompost + Panchagavya + Biofertilizers) gave pod yield of 240 q/ha in cowpea.

Taxon: Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp]Vigna unguiculatat0
Treatment: T13 (Vermicompost + Panchagavya + Biofertilizers)e2
Outcome: pod yielde2
Value: 240 q/hae2

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

t0
“Yield of Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp]”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 80–125 · show in text ↑

e2
“T13 (Vermicompost + Panchagavya + Biofertilizers) with plant height (56.04 cm), number of leaves (56.93), number of branches (27.67), number of root nodules (20.37), length of pods (36.19 cm), width of pods (0.66 cm), days of germination (3.7), number of pods per plant (37.17), number of seeds per pod (13.93), pod weight (17.10), pod yield (240 q/ha)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 780–1132 · show in text ↑

Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

T13 (Vermicompost + Panchagavya + Biofertilizers) gave plant height of 56.04 cm in cowpea, with the other T13 trait values listed in the qualifier.

Taxon: Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp]Vigna unguiculatat0
Treatment: T13 (Vermicompost + Panchagavya + Biofertilizers)e2
Outcome: plant heighte2
Value: 56.04 cme2
Qualifier: number of leaves (56.93), number of branches (27.67), number of root nodules (20.37), length of pods (36.19 cm), width of pods (0.66 cm), days of germination (3.7), number of pods per plant (37.17), number of seeds per pod (13.93), pod weight (17.10)e2

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Verbatim

t0
“Yield of Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp]”
✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 80–125 · show in text ↑

e2
“T13 (Vermicompost + Panchagavya + Biofertilizers) with plant height (56.04 cm), number of leaves (56.93), number of branches (27.67), number of root nodules (20.37), length of pods (36.19 cm), width of pods (0.66 cm), days of germination (3.7), number of pods per plant (37.17), number of seeds per pod (13.93), pod weight (17.10), pod yield (240 q/ha)”
✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 780–1132 · show in text ↑

amino acid · yield · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Results agree

2 papers: 2 positive, 0 negative or no effect

1 paper in the same direction as this paper

positive
Amino acid fertilizer increased cowpea yield relative to chemical fertilizer.
Effects of foliar application of amino acid liquid fertilizers, with or without Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SQR9, on cowpea yield and leaf microbiota · 2019 · compared with control amended with chemical fertilizer (CF)
Same direction

See all 2 papers →

amino acid · growth · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Results agree

3 papers: 3 positive, 0 negative or no effect

2 papers in the same direction as this paper

positive
Growth was maximum in infected plants treated with 1000 ppm amino acid.
Chemotherapeutic action of alanine as soil drench against root-knot nematode, Meloidogy ne incognita on Vigna unguiculata · 2003
Same direction
positive
Amino acid spraying (glutamic acid and proline) improved growth traits of cowpea.
DRY MATTER , GROWTH, AND MINERAL STATUS OF COWPEA GROWN UNDER DROUGHT AND AMINO ACID APPLICATION · 2024
Same direction

See all 3 papers →

inoculation · symbiosis · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Results differ

69 papers: 57 positive, 12 negative or no effect

56 papers in the same direction as this paper · 11 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative

no effect
Commercial rhizobial inoculation did not significantly affect cowpea nodulation, biomass yield, or shoot nitrogen content compared with controls.
Potential of indigenous bradyrhizobia versus commercial inoculants to improve cowpea (Vigna unguiculataL. walp.) and green gram (Vigna radiataL. wilczek.) yields in Kenya · 2012 · compared with controls
Opposite direction
no effect
Mycorrhizal inoculation did not effectively improve cowpea nodulation.
Abiotic and Biotic Limitations to Nodulation by Leguminous Cover Crops in South Texas · 2019
Opposite direction
negative
Cowpeas inoculated with the aluminum-sensitive strain had significantly fewer nodules in more acid, aluminum-rich soils.
Nodulation of Cowpeas and Survival of Cowpea Rhizobia in Acid, Aluminum‐Rich Soils · 1983 · compared with the same soils with higher pH values and less extractable Al
Opposite direction

65 papers more in this group

See all 69 papers →

inoculation · yield · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Results differ

116 papers: 99 positive, 17 negative or no effect

98 papers in the same direction as this paper · 16 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative

negative
Virus-inoculated cowpea had significantly lower growth and yield than buffer controls.
Interactions of viruses in Cowpea: effects on growth and yield parameters. · 2007 · compared with buffer inoculated control plants
Opposite direction
negative
Time of CPSMV inoculation had the most profound impact on cowpea yield.
Effect ofCowpea severe mosaic viruson Crop Growth Characteristics and Yield of Cowpea · 2005
Opposite direction
no effect
Inoculation of cowpea with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi alone gave no significant increase in shoot biomass or yield, whatever the soil type.
Response of Cowpea to Symbiotic Microorganisms Inoculation (Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Rhizobium) in Cultivated Soils in Senegal · 2015
Opposite direction

112 papers more in this group

See all 116 papers →

fertilization · symbiosis · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Positive and negative results

51 papers: 44 positive, 7 negative or no effect

43 papers in the same direction as this paper · 7 in the opposite direction

positive
N 50 FYM + NP 50 + CBF gave significantly higher root-shoot biomass, number of leaves and nodules per plant
Effect of Integrated Nutrient Management on Soil Health, Soil Quality, and Production of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) · 2024
Same directionCites this paper
no effect
Nitrogen fertilizer application did not increase cowpea grain yield or nodulation.
COWPEA (VIGNA UNGUICULATA) CROPS IN AFRICA CAN RESPOND TO INOCULATION WITH RHIZOBIUM · 2016
Opposite direction
negative
Fertilization lowered cowpea symbiotic nitrogen fixation in year one.
Nitrogen Fixation and Nutritional Yield of Cowpea-Amaranth Intercrop · 2020 · compared with 341–448 kgN.ha−1
Opposite direction

47 papers more in this group

See all 51 papers →

inoculation · growth · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Positive and negative results

102 papers: 92 positive, 10 negative or no effect

91 papers in the same direction as this paper · 8 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative

98 papers more in this group

See all 102 papers →

fertilization · growth · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Positive and negative results

143 papers: 131 positive, 12 negative or no effect

130 papers in the same direction as this paper · 10 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative

no effect
Nitrogen fertilizer did not significantly affect plant branching.
Effect of nitrogen fertilizer on yield contributing character, biomass yield and nutritive value of cowpea forage · 1970
Opposite direction
no effect
Some cowpea varieties maintained similar biomass with and without phosphorus fertilizer.
Harnessing Phosphorous (P) Fertilizer-Insensitive Bacteria to Enhance Rhizosphere P Bioavailability in Legumes · 2024 · compared with without P fertilization
Opposite direction
no effect
Adding lysine and threonine together did not inhibit cowpea seedling growth.
Inhibition of Cowpea Seedling Growth by Methionine Analogs¹ · 1978
Opposite direction

139 papers more in this group

See all 143 papers →

fertilization · yield · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Positive and negative results

292 papers: 275 positive, 17 negative or no effect

274 papers in the same direction as this paper · 15 in the opposite direction · 2 reporting no difference from an alternative

positive
N 50 FYM + NP 50 + CBF gave significantly higher number of pods, pod biomass and pod length
Effect of Integrated Nutrient Management on Soil Health, Soil Quality, and Production of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) · 2024
Same directionCites this paper
positive
75% RDF matched 100% RDF and exceeded other treatments for growth and yield attributes.
Evaluation of INM on Growth, Yield and Quality of Summer Cowpea [Vigna unguiculatal (L) Walp.] Under Doab region of Uttar - Pradesh · 2021 · compared with 100% RDF (F3)
Same directionCites this paper
positive
T9 produced the best cowpea yield, 150.56 q ha-1.
Effect of Tillage Practices and Integrated Nutrient Management on Soil Physicochemical Properties and Yield of Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) at Uttar Pradesh, India · 2024
Same directionCites this paper

288 papers more in this group

See all 292 papers →

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.

Abstract

Claims 13

The same questions in other papers

amino acid · yield · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Results agree

amino acid · growth · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Results agree

inoculation · symbiosis · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Results differ

inoculation · yield · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Results differ

fertilization · symbiosis · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Positive and negative results

inoculation · growth · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Positive and negative results

fertilization · growth · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Positive and negative results

fertilization · yield · Vigna unguiculata (cowpea)Positive and negative results