Abstract
Implementation of sound fertilizer management in rice cultivation is essential in optimizing productivity and profitability. The use of controlled release fertilizer (CRF) to improve crop production in various cropping systems has been widely explored, with new approaches and materials continually being studied to produce new CRF. A field study was carried out to determine the efficiency of local CRFs on rice production and N uptake using MR220 CL1 rice variety. Ten different types of CRFs consisting of two groups namely biochar impregnated urea (BIU 300-5, BIU 300-10, BIU 700-5 and BIU 700-10) and palm stearin (PS) coated urea with nitrification inhibitors (PS, PS+DMPP-100, PS+DMPP-50, PS+DMPP-150, PS+Cu and PS+Zn) were used as treatments. Plant height, SPAD reading, 1000-grain weight and harvest index (HI) showed significant improvement in rice treated with both biochar impregnated and palm stearin coated urea. With respect to grain yield, BIU 300-10, BIU and PS+Cu treatments significantly increased rice yield. The CRFs mostly showed significantly higher N uptake in rice, especially in rice grains, however, there was no significant difference among treatments in soil residual ammonium (NH 4 + -N). The newly-developed CRFs showed huge potential as an alternative for common urea, especially BIU 700-5, BIU 700-10, PS+DMPP-100 and PS+DMPP-50, in increasing rice grain yield. With proper approaches, these CRFs can contribute in improving rice production to provide sufficient food for ever increasing population.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
Both fertilizer groups significantly improved rice plant height, SPAD, grain weight and harvest index.
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae0 - Treatment
- biochar impregnated and palm stearin coated ureae0
- Outcome
- Plant height, SPAD reading, 1000-grain weighte0
- Direction
- improvemente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Plant height, SPAD reading, 1000-grain weight and harvest index (HI) showed significant improvement in rice treated with both biochar impregnated and palm stearin coated urea”
Claim · model-written summary
Both fertilizer groups significantly improved rice harvest index.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- biochar impregnated and palm stearin coated ureae0
- Outcome
- harvest indexe0
- Direction
- improvemente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“harvest index (HI) showed significant improvement in rice treated with both biochar impregnated and palm stearin coated urea”
Claim · model-written summary
BIU 300-10 significantly increased rice grain yield.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- BIU 300-10e0
- Outcome
- rice yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“BIU 300-10, BIU and PS+Cu treatments significantly increased rice yield”
Claim · model-written summary
BIU significantly increased rice grain yield.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- BIUe0
- Outcome
- rice yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“BIU and PS+Cu treatments significantly increased rice yield”
Claim · model-written summary
PS+Cu significantly increased rice grain yield.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- PS+Cue0
- Outcome
- rice yielde0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“PS+Cu treatments significantly increased rice yield”
Claim · model-written summary
Controlled release fertilizers mostly increased rice nitrogen uptake, especially in grains.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The CRFs mostly showed significantly higher N uptake in rice, especially in rice grains”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil residual ammonium did not differ significantly among treatments.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativat0
- Outcome
- soil residual ammonium (NH 4 + -N)e0
- Direction
- no significant differencee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“there was no significant difference among treatments in soil residual ammonium (NH 4 + -N)”
t0“Rice”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors identified four controlled release fertilizers as especially promising for increasing rice grain yield.
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- BIU 700-5, BIU 700-10, PS+DMPP-100 and PS+DMPP-50e0
- Outcome
- increasing rice grain yielde0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“especially BIU 700-5, BIU 700-10, PS+DMPP-100 and PS+DMPP-50, in increasing rice grain yield”
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