Paper · 2017 · AGRICULTURE UPDATE

Leaf area index and yield of cotton -maize cropping systems influence by tillage and land configuration

P. PUVILA; K. SIDDESWARAN; G. MARIAPPAN

8
claims
12
verbatim quotes
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citations
1
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Open access

Abstract

A field experiment with differenttillage practices and land configurations in cottonmaize cropping systems was conducted at TNAU, Coimbatoreduring 2011-12 and 2012-13. Totally there were 8 treatments which were replicated thrice in a Randomized Block Design.The treatments consisted of three tillage practices viz., conventional tillage, reduced tillageand zero tillage and three types of land configurations viz., flat bed and furrow irrigated raised bed (FIRB) which were compared with the existing practice of ridges and furrows. The result of two cropping cycles revealed that the growth parameters and seed cotton yield of cotton were higher in the reduced tillage to both cotton and maize and planting on FIRB which was on par with conventional tillage to both cotton and maize and planting on ridges and furrows (existing practice as check), conventional tillage to both cotton and maize and planting on FIRB, reduced tillage to both cotton and maize and planting on FIRB and reduced tillage once to cotton alone and planting on FIRB. In maize, better growth, improved yield parameters and higher yield were recorded in the reduced tillage to both cotton and maize and planting on FIRB.The lowest yield of cotton and maize was recorded in the zero tillage to both the crops and planting on flat bed. In the cotton-maize system, cotton equivalent yield (CEY) was almost similar in reduced tillage to both cotton and maize and planting on FIRB (4784 kg/ha), existing practice of conventional tillage to both cotton and maize and planting in ridges and furrows (4755 kg/ha) and conventional tillage to cotton alone and planting both cotton and maize on the FIRB (4750 kg/ha).

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Claims 8

Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Reduced tillage with FIRB gave higher cotton growth parameters.

Treatment
reduced tillage to both cotton and maize and planting on FIRBe0
Outcome
growth parameterse0
Direction
highere0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Gossypium hirsutum
Gossypium hirsutum · TaxonChriKo · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“the growth parameters and seed cotton yield of cotton were higher in the reduced tillage to both cotton and maize and planting on FIRB”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 581–715 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Reduced tillage with FIRB gave higher seed cotton yield.

Treatment
reduced tillage to both cotton and maize and planting on FIRBe0
Outcome
seed cotton yielde0
Direction
highere0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Gossypium hirsutum
Gossypium hirsutum · TaxonChriKo · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“the growth parameters and seed cotton yield of cotton were higher in the reduced tillage to both cotton and maize and planting on FIRB”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 581–715 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultpositivemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Reduced tillage with FIRB improved maize growth, yield parameters and yield.

Taxon
maizeZea mayse0
Treatment
reduced tillage to both cotton and maize and planting on FIRBe0
Outcome
growth, improved yield parameters and higher yielde0
Direction
highere0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“In maize, better growth, improved yield parameters and higher yield were recorded in the reduced tillage to both cotton and maize and planting on FIRB.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1042–1193 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Zero tillage with flat beds gave the lowest cotton yield.

Treatment
zero tillage to both the crops and planting on flat bede0
Outcome
yield of cottone0
Direction
loweste0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Gossypium hirsutum
Gossypium hirsutum · TaxonChriKo · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The lowest yield of cotton and maize was recorded in the zero tillage to both the crops and planting on flat bed.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1193–1306 · show in text ↑
Intervention effectobservedoriginal resultnegativemeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Zero tillage with flat beds gave the lowest maize yield.

Taxon
maizeZea mayse0
Treatment
zero tillage to both the crops and planting on flat bede0
Outcome
yield of cotton and maizee0
Direction
loweste0

Not reportedComparator

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Zea mays
Zea mays · TaxonAkwugo · CC BY-SA 4.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“The lowest yield of cotton and maize was recorded in the zero tillage to both the crops and planting on flat bed.”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1193–1306 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Reduced tillage of both crops with FIRB gave cotton equivalent yield of 4784 kg/ha.

Treatment
reduced tillage to both cotton and maize and planting on FIRBe0
Outcome
cotton equivalent yield (CEY)e1
Value
4784 kg/hae0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Gossypium hirsutum
Gossypium hirsutum · TaxonChriKo · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“reduced tillage to both cotton and maize and planting on FIRB (4784 kg/ha)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1387–1461 · show in text ↑
e1

“cotton equivalent yield (CEY) was almost similar”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1335–1383 · show in text ↑
t0

“cotton -maize cropping systems”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 29–59 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Conventional tillage of both crops with ridges and furrows gave cotton equivalent yield of 4755 kg/ha.

Treatment
conventional tillage to both cotton and maize and planting in ridges and furrowse0
Outcome
yieldt0
Value
4755 kg/hae0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Gossypium hirsutum
Gossypium hirsutum · TaxonChriKo · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“conventional tillage to both cotton and maize and planting in ridges and furrows (4755 kg/ha)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1484–1577 · show in text ↑
t0

“yield of cotton”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 20–35 · show in text ↑
Observationobservedoriginal resultmeasured

Claim · model-written summary

Conventional tillage of cotton with FIRB for both crops gave cotton equivalent yield of 4750 kg/ha.

Treatment
conventional tillage to cotton alone and planting both cotton and maize on the FIRBe0
Outcome
yieldt0
Value
4750 kg/hae0

Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.

Gossypium hirsutum
Gossypium hirsutum · TaxonChriKo · CC BY-SA 3.0 · Wikimedia Commons ↗

Verbatim

e0

“conventional tillage to cotton alone and planting both cotton and maize on the FIRB (4750 kg/ha)”

✓ located verbatim in the source · abstract, characters 1582–1678 · show in text ↑
t0

“yield of cotton”

✓ located verbatim in the source · title, characters 20–35 · show in text ↑

Zea mays · yield · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Positive and negative results

11 papers: 10 positive, 1 negative or no effect

9 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. positive
  3. positive

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Gossypium hirsutum · yield · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results

17 papers: 14 positive, 3 negative or no effect

13 papers in the same direction as this paper · 3 in the opposite direction

  1. no effect
  2. no effect
  3. no effect

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Zea mays · growth · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Results agree

3 papers: 3 positive, 0 negative or no effect

2 papers in the same direction as this paper

  1. positive
  2. positive
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tillage · growth · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Positive and negative results

36 papers: 30 positive, 6 negative or no effect

29 papers in the same direction as this paper · 5 in the opposite direction · 1 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. negative
  2. negative
  3. no effect

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irrigation · growth · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Positive and negative results

144 papers: 101 positive, 43 negative or no effect

100 papers in the same direction as this paper · 40 in the opposite direction · 3 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. negative
  2. negative
  3. negative

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tillage · yield · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Positive and negative results

159 papers: 113 positive, 46 negative or no effect

112 papers in the same direction as this paper · 38 in the opposite direction · 8 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. no effect
  2. negative
  3. no effect

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irrigation · yield · Gossypium hirsutum (cotton)Positive and negative results

399 papers: 304 positive, 95 negative or no effect

303 papers in the same direction as this paper · 86 in the opposite direction · 9 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. no effect
  2. negative
  3. negative

395 papers more in this group

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irrigation · yield · Zea mays (maize)Positive and negative results

1,016 papers: 791 positive, 225 negative or no effect

790 papers in the same direction as this paper · 209 in the opposite direction · 16 reporting no difference from an alternative

  1. negative
  2. no effect
  3. negative

1,012 papers more in this group

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8 of 9 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.

Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.