Abstract
Preharvest fruit drop (PFD) of apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) can cause significant losses resulting in up to 50% reduction in yield in some years. In a 2-yr study, ‘Honeycrisp’ trees were treated with six foliar treatments including 20 mg·L −1 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) 2 wk before anticipated harvest (WBAH), 125 mg·L −1 aminoethoxyvinylglycine hydrochloride (AVG) 4 WBAH, AVG plus NAA 2 WBAH, and repeat sprays of 200 mg·L −1 B, and 2000 mg·L −1 Mg applied 48–93 d after full bloom to evaluate their effect on PFD and fruit quality. Fruit drop associated with broken pedicels and physiological causes was monitored. During a year with ∼43% PFD on untreated control trees, AVG retained up to ∼35% and NAA retained up to ∼27% of the total fruit number, relative to the control trees. The combination of AVG plus NAA had similar PFD compared with AVG alone, while B and Mg were similar to the control. The proportion of PFD associated with broken pedicels was ∼5%. Aminoethoxyvinylglycine delayed starch degradation, ethylene evolution, and blush skin colour development of fruit. This study supports the use of AVG 4 WBAH and NAA 2 WBAH to manage ‘Honeycrisp’ PFD, which may offer economic advantages for growing quality apples. Foliar sprays of Mg or B failed to reduce PFD.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
AVG retained up to about 35% of total fruit number relative to controls in a high-drop year.
- Taxon
- apple
Malus domesticat0 - Treatment
- AVGe0
- Outcome
- total fruit numbere0
- Direction
- retainede0
- Value
- ∼35%e0
- Qualifier
- ∼43% PFDe0
- Comparator
- untreated control treese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“During a year with ∼43% PFD on untreated control trees, AVG retained up to ∼35% and NAA retained up to ∼27% of the total fruit number, relative to the control trees”
t0“apple”
Claim · model-written summary
NAA retained up to about 27% of total fruit number relative to controls in a high-drop year.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- NAAe0
- Outcome
- total fruit numbere0
- Direction
- retainede0
- Value
- ∼27%e0
- Qualifier
- ∼43% PFDe0
- Comparator
- untreated control treese0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“During a year with ∼43% PFD on untreated control trees, AVG retained up to ∼35% and NAA retained up to ∼27% of the total fruit number, relative to the control trees”
t0“apple”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined AVG and NAA had similar preharvest fruit drop to AVG alone.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- AVG plus NAAe0
- Outcome
- PFDe0
- Direction
- similare0
- Comparator
- AVG alonee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The combination of AVG plus NAA had similar PFD compared with AVG alone”
t0“apple”
Claim · model-written summary
B treatment had preharvest fruit drop similar to controls.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The combination of AVG plus NAA had similar PFD compared with AVG alone, while B and Mg were similar to the control”
t0“apple”
Claim · model-written summary
Mg treatment had preharvest fruit drop similar to controls.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The combination of AVG plus NAA had similar PFD compared with AVG alone, while B and Mg were similar to the control”
t0“apple”
Claim · model-written summary
About 5% of fruit drop was associated with broken pedicels.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Organ / stage
- pedicelse0
- Outcome
- proportion of PFD associated with broken pedicelse0
- Value
- ∼5%e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The proportion of PFD associated with broken pedicels was ∼5%”
t0“apple”
Claim · model-written summary
AVG delayed starch degradation in fruit.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Organ / stage
- fruite0
- Treatment
- Aminoethoxyvinylglycinee0
- Outcome
- starch degradatione0
- Direction
- delayede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Aminoethoxyvinylglycine delayed starch degradation, ethylene evolution, and blush skin colour development of fruit”
t0“apple”
Claim · model-written summary
AVG delayed ethylene evolution in fruit.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Organ / stage
- fruite0
- Treatment
- Aminoethoxyvinylglycinee0
- Outcome
- ethylene evolutione0
- Direction
- delayede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Aminoethoxyvinylglycine delayed starch degradation, ethylene evolution, and blush skin colour development of fruit”
t0“apple”
Claim · model-written summary
AVG delayed blush skin colour development in fruit.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Organ / stage
- fruite0
- Treatment
- Aminoethoxyvinylglycinee0
- Outcome
- blush skin colour developmente0
- Direction
- delayede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Aminoethoxyvinylglycine delayed starch degradation, ethylene evolution, and blush skin colour development of fruit”
t0“apple”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors support AVG four weeks before harvest to manage Honeycrisp fruit drop.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- AVG 4 WBAHe0
- Outcome
- manage ‘Honeycrisp’ PFDe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This study supports the use of AVG 4 WBAH and NAA 2 WBAH to manage ‘Honeycrisp’ PFD”
t0“apple”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors support NAA two weeks before harvest to manage Honeycrisp fruit drop.
- Taxon
- appleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- NAA 2 WBAHe0
- Outcome
- manage ‘Honeycrisp’ PFDe0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“This study supports the use of AVG 4 WBAH and NAA 2 WBAH to manage ‘Honeycrisp’ PFD”
t0“apple”
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See all 17 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.