Abstract
The overall aim of this thesis was to assess the effects of different cultural techniques on grape yield components and fruit quality. In particular, within the climate change scenario, their effectiveness of delaying grape technological ripening and improving the anthocyanins-to-sugar ratio was the main priority of the research. All the trials were conducted under field conditions. The three main cultural techniques were: severe shoot trimming (SST) after berry set, minimal pruning (MP) and late winter pruning (LWP). In addition, basal leaf removal (LR), a wildly used cultural technique, was also studied in order to evaluate the impacts on grape and wine characteristics. The results show that SST could delay grape ripening by two to three weeks, however, under conditions of low vigor, grapes were not able to mature properly with extremely severe trimming (trimming twice). In spite of the relatively cooler ripening period, the anthocyanin accumulation was not enhanced significantly. Nonetheless, SST sometimes reduced the berry size thus increasing the skin-to-pulp ratio, in this way, juice anthocyanin concentration was increased. SST helped to improve organic acid composition by increasing the tartaric acid and reducing the malic acid. The experiment on MP demonstrated clearer results in the size of the berry: the significantly smaller berries contributed to the darker color of MP juice, but the ability of berry skin to synthesize anthocyanins was not improved by the ripening delay. LWP at stage G (LWPG) and H (LWPH) delayed berry ripening to a larger extent and created much cooler ripening conditions than normal winter pruning. However, this achievement was at the cost of a considerable yield loss and only LWPH succeeded to improve the anthocyanins-to-sugars ratio of grape juice. LWP before or during stage F did not affect yield components nor fruit composition. The full exposure of clusters due to a severe LR after fruit set did not exert any negative effects on grape quality, on the contrary, it also increased the ratio between tartaric acid and malic acid and the results of the sensory evaluation show that LR enhanced wine color and body. Besides, LR reduced the sugar concentration required in the berry for the onset of anthocyanin synthesis.
Abstract from the paper’s OpenAlex record; open copy licensed other-oa. Read at the source ↗
The text the model read, with the source record’s inline markup (italics, sub- and superscripts) rendered and its character entities decoded; quote offsets refer to the raw text.
Claims 20
Claim · model-written summary
Severe shoot trimming delayed grape ripening by two to three weeks.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“SST could delay grape ripening by two to three weeks”
e1“grape yield components and fruit quality”
Claim · model-written summary
Under low vigor, trimming twice prevented proper grape maturation.
- Taxon
- grapese0
- Treatment
- extremely severe trimming (trimming twice)e0
- Outcome
- grapes were not able to mature properlye0
- Qualifier
- low vigore0
Not reportedComparatorDirection
Verbatim
e0“under conditions of low vigor, grapes were not able to mature properly with extremely severe trimming (trimming twice)”
Claim · model-written summary
Severe shoot trimming did not significantly enhance anthocyanin accumulation.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“In spite of the relatively cooler ripening period, the anthocyanin accumulation was not enhanced significantly.”
e1“SST could delay grape ripening”
e2“grape yield components and fruit quality”
Claim · model-written summary
Severe shoot trimming sometimes reduced berry size.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“SST sometimes reduced the berry size thus increasing the skin-to-pulp ratio”
e1“grape yield components and fruit quality”
Claim · model-written summary
Severe shoot trimming increased the skin-to-pulp ratio.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“SST sometimes reduced the berry size thus increasing the skin-to-pulp ratio”
e1“grape yield components and fruit quality”
Claim · model-written summary
Severe shoot trimming increased juice anthocyanin concentration.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“juice anthocyanin concentration was increased”
e1“SST helped to improve organic acid composition”
e2“grape yield components and fruit quality”
Claim · model-written summary
Severe shoot trimming increased tartaric acid.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“SST helped to improve organic acid composition by increasing the tartaric acid and reducing the malic acid”
e1“grape yield components and fruit quality”
Claim · model-written summary
Severe shoot trimming reduced malic acid.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“SST helped to improve organic acid composition by increasing the tartaric acid and reducing the malic acid”
e1“grape yield components and fruit quality”
Claim · model-written summary
Minimal pruning produced significantly smaller berries.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The experiment on MP demonstrated clearer results in the size of the berry: the significantly smaller berries contributed to the darker color of MP juice”
e1“grape yield components and fruit quality”
Claim · model-written summary
Minimal pruning produced darker juice color.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“the significantly smaller berries contributed to the darker color of MP juice”
e1“grape yield components and fruit quality”
Claim · model-written summary
Ripening delay under minimal pruning did not improve berry-skin anthocyanin synthesis.
- Taxon
- grapee2
- Treatment
- MPe0
- Outcome
- ability of berry skin to synthesize anthocyaninse0
- Direction
- not improvede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“the ability of berry skin to synthesize anthocyanins was not improved by the ripening delay”
e1“The experiment on MP”
e2“grape yield components and fruit quality”
Claim · model-written summary
Late winter pruning at stages G and H delayed berry ripening more than normal winter pruning.
Verbatim
e0“LWP at stage G (LWPG) and H (LWPH) delayed berry ripening to a larger extent and created much cooler ripening conditions than normal winter pruning”
e1“grape yield components and fruit quality”
Claim · model-written summary
Late winter pruning at stages G and H created cooler ripening conditions.
Verbatim
e0“LWP at stage G (LWPG) and H (LWPH) delayed berry ripening to a larger extent and created much cooler ripening conditions than normal winter pruning”
e1“grape yield components and fruit quality”
Claim · model-written summary
Late winter pruning caused considerable yield loss.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“this achievement was at the cost of a considerable yield loss”
e1“LWP at stage G (LWPG) and H (LWPH)”
e2“grape yield components and fruit quality”
Claim · model-written summary
Late winter pruning at stage H improved the juice anthocyanins-to-sugars ratio.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“only LWPH succeeded to improve the anthocyanins-to-sugars ratio of grape juice”
e1“grape yield components and fruit quality”
Claim · model-written summary
Late winter pruning before or during stage F did not affect yield components or fruit composition.
- Taxon
- grapee1
- Treatment
- LWP before or during stage Fe0
- Outcome
- yield components nor fruit compositione0
- Direction
- did not affecte0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“LWP before or during stage F did not affect yield components nor fruit composition”
e1“grape yield components and fruit quality”
Claim · model-written summary
Severe leaf removal after fruit set had no negative effect on grape quality.
- Taxon
- grapee0
- Treatment
- severe LR after fruit sete0
- Outcome
- grape qualitye0
- Direction
- did not exert any negative effectse0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The full exposure of clusters due to a severe LR after fruit set did not exert any negative effects on grape quality”
Claim · model-written summary
Severe leaf removal increased the tartaric-to-malic acid ratio.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“it also increased the ratio between tartaric acid and malic acid”
e1“severe LR after fruit set”
e2“grape yield components and fruit quality”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf removal enhanced wine color and body in sensory evaluation.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“the results of the sensory evaluation show that LR enhanced wine color and body”
e1“grape yield components and fruit quality”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf removal reduced the berry sugar concentration required for anthocyanin synthesis onset.
- Taxon
- grapee1
- Treatment
- LRe0
- Outcome
- sugar concentration required in the berry for the onset of anthocyanin synthesise0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“LR reduced the sugar concentration required in the berry for the onset of anthocyanin synthesis”
e1“grape yield components and fruit quality”
The same questions in other papers
pruning · quality: general · VitisResults differ
14 papers in the same direction as this paper · 17 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
28 papers more in this group
See all 32 papers →pruning · molecular: metabolites · VitisResults differ
35 papers in the same direction as this paper · 11 in the opposite direction
- negative
- no effect
- no effect
43 papers more in this group
See all 47 papers →pruning · quality: sugar starch · VitisResults differ
40 papers in the same direction as this paper · 20 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- negative
57 papers more in this group
See all 61 papers →pruning · quality: postharvest · VitisPositive and negative results
19 papers in the same direction as this paper · 2 in the opposite direction
- negative
- negative
- positive
18 papers more in this group
See all 22 papers →pruning · quality: phytochemicals · VitisPositive and negative results
7 papers in the same direction as this paper · 30 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
34 papers more in this group
See all 38 papers →pruning · yield · VitisPositive and negative results
35 papers in the same direction as this paper · 71 in the opposite direction
- positive
- positive
- positive
103 papers more in this group
See all 107 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.