Abstract
Overapplication of nutrients and water is common in intensive greenhouse systems. A 2-year experiment (2011–13) was conducted to study the effect of different nutrient and water treatments on the growth and yield of tomato ( Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) and on soil nutrient accumulations in solar greenhouses in South Loess Plateau, China. The treatments included 1) current fertilizer and water practices (FW), 2) formula fertilizer and water 1 (FW1), 3) formula fertilizer and water 2 (FW2), and 4) farmer’s practice (FP). Compared with FW, FW1 and FW2 had yields not significantly different from grower control treatments; however, they saved 35% to 46% of the nitrogen (N) fertilizer, 40% to 54% of the phosphorus (P 2 O 5 ) fertilizer, 19% to 35% of the potassium (K 2 O) fertilizer, and 15% to 21% of irrigation water. The economic profits of FW1 and FW2 were greater than those of the FW and FP treatments. The two formula treatments also reduced soil electrical conductivity (EC) and the accumulation of nitrate, available P, and available K in soil. However, the soil nutrients are still above optimal levels. Obvious N surplus in the greenhouse was observed in different treatments, mainly because of high N input from manures. This study revealed there is great potential to reduce nutrient and water use while maintaining the same yield in a greenhouse system.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
FW1 and FW2 formula fertilizer and water treatments gave tomato yields not significantly different from grower control treatments
- Taxon
- tomato
Solanum lycopersicume1 - Treatment
- FW1 and FW2e3
- Outcome
- yieldse3
- Direction
- not significantly differente3
- Comparator
- grower control treatmentse3
- Setting
- in solar greenhouses in South Loess Plateau, Chinae2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“to study the effect of different nutrient and water treatments on the growth and yield of tomato”
e2“in solar greenhouses in South Loess Plateau, China”
e3“Compared with FW, FW1 and FW2 had yields not significantly different from grower control treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
FW1 and FW2 saved 35% to 46% of nitrogen fertilizer compared with FW
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- FW1 and FW2e2
- Outcome
- nitrogen (N) fertilizere3
- Direction
- savede3
- Value
- 35% to 46%e3
- Comparator
- FWe2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“to study the effect of different nutrient and water treatments on the growth and yield of tomato”
e2“Compared with FW, FW1 and FW2 had yields not significantly different from grower control treatments”
e3“they saved 35% to 46% of the nitrogen (N) fertilizer, 40% to 54% of the phosphorus (P 2 O 5 ) fertilizer, 19% to 35% of the potassium (K 2 O) fertilizer, and 15% to 21% of irrigation water”
Claim · model-written summary
FW1 and FW2 saved 40% to 54% of phosphorus fertilizer compared with FW
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- FW1 and FW2e2
- Outcome
- phosphorus (P 2 O 5 ) fertilizere3
- Direction
- savede3
- Value
- 40% to 54%e3
- Comparator
- FWe2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“to study the effect of different nutrient and water treatments on the growth and yield of tomato”
e2“Compared with FW, FW1 and FW2 had yields not significantly different from grower control treatments”
e3“they saved 35% to 46% of the nitrogen (N) fertilizer, 40% to 54% of the phosphorus (P 2 O 5 ) fertilizer, 19% to 35% of the potassium (K 2 O) fertilizer, and 15% to 21% of irrigation water”
Claim · model-written summary
FW1 and FW2 saved 19% to 35% of potassium fertilizer compared with FW
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- FW1 and FW2e2
- Outcome
- potassium (K 2 O) fertilizere3
- Direction
- savede3
- Value
- 19% to 35%e3
- Comparator
- FWe2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“to study the effect of different nutrient and water treatments on the growth and yield of tomato”
e2“Compared with FW, FW1 and FW2 had yields not significantly different from grower control treatments”
e3“they saved 35% to 46% of the nitrogen (N) fertilizer, 40% to 54% of the phosphorus (P 2 O 5 ) fertilizer, 19% to 35% of the potassium (K 2 O) fertilizer, and 15% to 21% of irrigation water”
Claim · model-written summary
FW1 and FW2 saved 15% to 21% of irrigation water compared with FW
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- FW1 and FW2e2
- Outcome
- irrigation watere3
- Direction
- savede3
- Value
- 15% to 21%e3
- Comparator
- FWe2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“to study the effect of different nutrient and water treatments on the growth and yield of tomato”
e2“Compared with FW, FW1 and FW2 had yields not significantly different from grower control treatments”
e3“they saved 35% to 46% of the nitrogen (N) fertilizer, 40% to 54% of the phosphorus (P 2 O 5 ) fertilizer, 19% to 35% of the potassium (K 2 O) fertilizer, and 15% to 21% of irrigation water”
Claim · model-written summary
FW1 and FW2 gave higher economic profits than FW and FP treatments
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- FW1 and FW2e2
- Outcome
- economic profitse2
- Direction
- greatere2
- Comparator
- FW and FP treatmentse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“to study the effect of different nutrient and water treatments on the growth and yield of tomato”
e2“The economic profits of FW1 and FW2 were greater than those of the FW and FP treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Formula treatments reduced soil electrical conductivity under tomato in solar greenhouses
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- formula treatmentse2
- Outcome
- soil electrical conductivity (EC)e2
- Direction
- reducede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“to study the effect of different nutrient and water treatments on the growth and yield of tomato”
e2“The two formula treatments also reduced soil electrical conductivity (EC) and the accumulation of nitrate, available P, and available K in soil”
Claim · model-written summary
Formula treatments reduced the accumulation of soil nitrate, available P and available K under tomato
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- formula treatmentse2
- Outcome
- the accumulation of nitrate, available P, and available K in soile2
- Direction
- reducede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“to study the effect of different nutrient and water treatments on the growth and yield of tomato”
e2“The two formula treatments also reduced soil electrical conductivity (EC) and the accumulation of nitrate, available P, and available K in soil”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil nutrients under tomato remained above optimal levels
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Outcome
- soil nutrientse2
- Qualifier
- still above optimal levelse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“to study the effect of different nutrient and water treatments on the growth and yield of tomato”
e2“However, the soil nutrients are still above optimal levels”
Claim · model-written summary
Obvious N surplus in the tomato greenhouse was attributed mainly to high N input from manures
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Treatment
- high N input from manurese2
- Outcome
- N surpluse2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“to study the effect of different nutrient and water treatments on the growth and yield of tomato”
e2“Obvious N surplus in the greenhouse was observed in different treatments, mainly because of high N input from manures”
Claim · model-written summary
Greenhouse tomato nutrient and water use could be reduced while maintaining the same yield
- Taxon
- tomatoSolanum lycopersicume1
- Outcome
- reduce nutrient and water use while maintaining the same yielde2
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e1“to study the effect of different nutrient and water treatments on the growth and yield of tomato”
e2“there is great potential to reduce nutrient and water use while maintaining the same yield in a greenhouse system”
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See all 978 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.