Abstract
Foliar spray of nutritional elements is one of the methods for increasing the yield and quality of horticultural products. For this purpose, at the end of winter of 2016, a factorial experiment was conducted under a randomized complete block design at a 15 years old commercial vineyard of ' Bidaneh Sefid' grape cultivar. Plants were sprayed with calcium sulfate (0, 1 and 2%) and Zinc sulfate (0, 0.5 and 1%) during two stages in late March. Cluster weight and yield of vines treated with 1% Ca + 1% Zn was the highest and showed 26.11% increase compared to the control vines. TSS content was highest in 1% Zn treatment in solely. The pH, TA and anthocyanin content reached to peak in response to medium levels of both fertilizers. The phenol content in vines treated with 2% Ca + 0.5% Zn increased up to 31% compared to the control plants. Moreover, the highest flavonoid content was found in vine treated with three levels of both fertilizers. The highest resveratrol was recorded for vines treated with 1% Ca + 1% Zn. In the case of viniferin, the highest amount was found in fruit of vines treated with 1% Zn in solely. The lowest amount of viniferin was related to control vines. The highest content of sucrose was seen in vines treated with 1% Ca in combination with 1% Zn. The content of glucose in vines treated with 2% Ca + 1% Zn was higher than other treatments. On the other hand, the highest content of fructose was related to fruit of vines treated with 1% Zn in solely. The highest levels of activity of catalase and guaiacol peroxidase enzymes were associated with 1% Ca- treated vines in combination with 1% Zn. Also, the most activity of ascorbate peroxidase was observed in the vines treated with the third level of Zn in solely. Antioxidant capacity in 1% Zn- treated vines was higher than other treatments. Totally, combined application of moderate levels of CaSO4 and ZnSO4 at early season through nutritional status improvement resulted in yield increasing and qualitative and antioxidant indices of grape.
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Claims 14
Claim · model-written summary
One percent Ca plus one percent Zn gave the highest cluster weight and yield, 26.11% above controls.
Verbatim
e0“Cluster weight and yield of vines treated with 1% Ca + 1% Zn was the highest and showed 26.11% increase compared to the control vines”
t0“grape”
Claim · model-written summary
One percent Zn alone produced the highest TSS content.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“TSS content was highest in 1% Zn treatment in solely”
t0“grape”
Claim · model-written summary
Medium levels of both fertilizers gave peak pH, TA and anthocyanin content.
- Taxon
- grapet0
- Treatment
- medium levels of both fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- pH, TA and anthocyanin contente0
- Direction
- peake0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The pH, TA and anthocyanin content reached to peak in response to medium levels of both fertilizers”
t0“grape”
Claim · model-written summary
Two percent Ca plus 0.5 percent Zn raised phenol content by up to 31% versus controls.
Verbatim
e0“The phenol content in vines treated with 2% Ca + 0.5% Zn increased up to 31% compared to the control plants”
t0“grape”
Claim · model-written summary
Treatments involving three levels of both fertilizers gave the highest flavonoid content.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“the highest flavonoid content was found in vine treated with three levels of both fertilizers”
t0“grape”
Claim · model-written summary
One percent Ca plus one percent Zn gave the highest resveratrol.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The highest resveratrol was recorded for vines treated with 1% Ca + 1% Zn”
t0“grape”
Claim · model-written summary
One percent Zn alone gave the highest fruit viniferin.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“In the case of viniferin, the highest amount was found in fruit of vines treated with 1% Zn in solely”
t0“grape”
Claim · model-written summary
Control vines had the lowest viniferin.
Verbatim
e0“The lowest amount of viniferin was related to control vines”
t0“grape”
Claim · model-written summary
One percent Ca plus one percent Zn gave the highest sucrose content.
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The highest content of sucrose was seen in vines treated with 1% Ca in combination with 1% Zn”
t0“grape”
Claim · model-written summary
Two percent Ca plus one percent Zn gave higher glucose content than other treatments.
Verbatim
e0“The content of glucose in vines treated with 2% Ca + 1% Zn was higher than other treatments”
t0“grape”
Claim · model-written summary
One percent Zn alone gave the highest fruit fructose content.
- Taxon
- grapet0
- Organ / stage
- fruite0
- Treatment
- 1% Zn in solelye0
- Outcome
- content of fructosee0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“the highest content of fructose was related to fruit of vines treated with 1% Zn in solely”
t0“grape”
Claim · model-written summary
One percent Ca plus one percent Zn gave the highest catalase and guaiacol peroxidase activity.
- Taxon
- grapet0
- Treatment
- 1% Ca- treated vines in combination with 1% Zne0
- Outcome
- activity of catalase and guaiacol peroxidase enzymese0
- Direction
- higheste0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“The highest levels of activity of catalase and guaiacol peroxidase enzymes were associated with 1% Ca- treated vines in combination with 1% Zn”
t0“grape”
Claim · model-written summary
The third Zn level alone gave the highest ascorbate peroxidase activity.
- Taxon
- grapet0
- Treatment
- the third level of Zn in solelye0
- Outcome
- activity of ascorbate peroxidasee0
- Direction
- moste0
Not reportedComparator
Verbatim
e0“the most activity of ascorbate peroxidase was observed in the vines treated with the third level of Zn in solely”
t0“grape”
Claim · model-written summary
One percent Zn gave higher antioxidant capacity than other treatments.
Verbatim
e0“Antioxidant capacity in 1% Zn- treated vines was higher than other treatments”
t0“grape”
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See all 11 papers →8 of 11 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.