Abstract
Pomegranate is a 'super fruit' that is always adaptable to a saline environment. To elucidate the mechanism underlying the response to salinity, we investigated the effects of NaCl stress on growth and ion balance in six-month-old self-rooted pomegranate cuttings. The plants were fertigated with halfstrength Hoagland's solution containing 0 (control), 100, 200, or 300 mM NaCl every six days. After 18 days, the growth parameter was determined, and dry samples of root, stem and leaf were analyzed for ion content. We found that the growth of pomegranate was not inhibited under 100 mM NaCl stress. With the increased salinity level, excessive accumulations of Na + and Cl -occurred in the pomegranate tissues and the net accumulations were ranked as leaf > root > stem. The uptake of K + , Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ was enhanced at low salinity (100 mM) and inhibited at high salinity (300 mM). With increasing salinity, the K + contents in the roots and leaves initially increased and then decreased, with peaks at 200 mM NaCl. The Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ contents increased in the leaves and decreased in the roots. The absorptions of NO 3 -and SO 4 2-were inhibited by salt stress, but the H 2 PO 4 -uptake had no obvious change. The ion ratio and transport coefficient of pomegranate tissues were significantly lower under stress than in controls, but the K + /Na + and Ca 2+ / Na + ratios of the roots and stems were higher than 1 at 100 mM. This study revealed that salinity affected the ion balance in pomegranate tissues through impeding the ion uptake, accumulation and transport. Furthermore, this pomegranate cultivar 'Taishanhong' can adapt to 100 mM NaCl stress by maintaining a stable or higher uptake of K + , Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ to mitigate the detrimental effects of Na + and Cl -in the cells.
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Growth of pomegranate was not inhibited at 100 mM NaCl.
- Taxon
- pomegranate
Punica granatume0 - Treatment
- 100 mM NaCl stresse0
- Outcome
- growthe0
- Direction
- not inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the growth of pomegranate was not inhibited under 100 mM NaCl stress”
Claim · model-written summary
Increasing salinity caused excessive Na and Cl accumulation in pomegranate tissues, ranked leaf above root above stem.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatume0
- Treatment
- increased salinity levele0
- Outcome
- accumulations of Na + and Cl -e0
- Direction
- excessivee0
- Qualifier
- leaf > root > steme0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“With the increased salinity level, excessive accumulations of Na + and Cl -occurred in the pomegranate tissues and the net accumulations were ranked as leaf > root > stem”
Claim · model-written summary
Uptake of K, Ca and Mg was enhanced at 100 mM salinity.
Not reportedTaxonComparator
Schema note from the model: taxon is named elsewhere in the abstract
Verbatim
e0“The uptake of K + , Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ was enhanced at low salinity (100 mM)”
Claim · model-written summary
Uptake of K, Ca and Mg was inhibited at 300 mM salinity.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Treatment
- high salinity (300 mM)e0
- Outcome
- uptake of K + , Ca 2+ and Mg 2+e0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“uptake of K + , Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ was enhanced at low salinity (100 mM) and inhibited at high salinity (300 mM)”
t0“pomegranate”
Claim · model-written summary
Root and leaf K content initially rose and then fell with increasing salinity, peaking at 200 mM NaCl.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Treatment
- increasing salinitye0
- Outcome
- K + contents in the roots and leavese0
- Direction
- initially increased and then decreasede0
- Value
- 200 mM NaCle0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“With increasing salinity, the K + contents in the roots and leaves initially increased and then decreased, with peaks at 200 mM NaCl”
t0“pomegranate”
Claim · model-written summary
Leaf Ca and Mg contents increased.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Organ / stage
- leavese0
- Outcome
- Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ contentse0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ contents increased in the leaves”
t0“pomegranate”
Claim · model-written summary
Root Ca and Mg contents decreased.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Organ / stage
- rootse0
- Outcome
- Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ contentse0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ contents increased in the leaves and decreased in the roots”
t0“pomegranate”
Claim · model-written summary
Salt stress inhibited nitrate and sulfate absorption.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Treatment
- salt stresse0
- Outcome
- absorptions of NO 3 -and SO 4 2-e0
- Direction
- inhibitede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The absorptions of NO 3 -and SO 4 2-were inhibited by salt stress”
t0“pomegranate”
Claim · model-written summary
Phosphate uptake had no obvious change under salt stress.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Outcome
- H 2 PO 4 -uptakee0
- Direction
- no obvious changee0
Not reportedTreatmentComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“H 2 PO 4 -uptake had no obvious change”
t0“pomegranate”
Claim · model-written summary
Ion ratio and transport coefficient were significantly lower under stress than in controls.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatume0
- Treatment
- stresse0
- Outcome
- ion ratio and transport coefficiente0
- Direction
- lowere0
- Comparator
- controlse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The ion ratio and transport coefficient of pomegranate tissues were significantly lower under stress than in controls”
Claim · model-written summary
Root and stem K/Na and Ca/Na ratios exceeded one at 100 mM.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatumt0
- Organ / stage
- roots and stemse0
- Outcome
- K + /Na + and Ca 2+ / Na + ratiose0
- Direction
- highere0
- Value
- 1e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the K + /Na + and Ca 2+ / Na + ratios of the roots and stems were higher than 1 at 100 mM”
t0“pomegranate”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors infer that salinity alters pomegranate ion balance by impeding uptake, accumulation and transport.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatume0
- Treatment
- salinitye0
- Outcome
- ion balancee0
- Qualifier
- impeding the ion uptake, accumulation and transporte0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“salinity affected the ion balance in pomegranate tissues through impeding the ion uptake, accumulation and transport”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors infer that Taishanhong adapts to 100 mM NaCl by maintaining K, Ca and Mg uptake.
- Taxon
- pomegranatePunica granatume0
- Material
- Taishanhonge0
- Treatment
- 100 mM NaCl stresse0
- Outcome
- adapte0
- Qualifier
- maintaining a stable or higher uptake of K + , Ca 2+ and Mg 2+e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“this pomegranate cultivar 'Taishanhong' can adapt to 100 mM NaCl stress by maintaining a stable or higher uptake of K + , Ca 2+ and Mg 2+ to mitigate the detrimental effects of Na + and Cl -in the cells”
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See all 15 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.