Abstract
cultivars, but little is known on transcriptional and metabolic modifications following application of resistance elicitors against this disease. In this study, the whole transcriptome sequencing, and hormone and metabolite analyses were combined to dissect long-term defense mechanisms induced by molecular reprogramming events in PM-infected 'Moscato' and 'Nebbiolo' leaves treated with three resistance inducers: acibenzolar-S-methyl, potassium phosphonate, and laminarin. Although all compounds were effective in counteracting the disease, acibenzolar-S-methyl caused the most intense transcriptional modifications in both cultivars. These involved a strong down-regulation of photosynthesis and energy metabolism and changes in carbohydrate accumulation and partitioning that most likely shifted the plant growth-defense trade-off towards the establishment of disease resistance processes. It was also shown that genotype-associated metabolic signals significantly affected the cultivar defense machinery. Indeed, 'Nebbiolo' and 'Moscato' built up different defense strategies, often enhanced by the application of a specific elicitor, which resulted in either reinforcement of early defense mechanisms (e.g., epicuticular wax deposition and overexpression of pathogenesis-related genes in 'Nebbiolo'), or accumulation of endogenous hormones and antimicrobial compounds (e.g., high content of abscisic acid, jasmonic acid, and viniferin in 'Moscato').
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
All three elicitors counteracted powdery mildew in the two grapevine cultivars.
- Treatment
- acibenzolar-S-methyl, potassium phosphonate, and laminarine0
- Outcome
- diseasee0
- Direction
- counteractinge0
VitisNot reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“PM-infected 'Moscato' and 'Nebbiolo' leaves treated with three resistance inducers: acibenzolar-S-methyl, potassium phosphonate, and laminarin. Although all compounds were effective in counteracting the disease”
t0“Grapevine”
Claim · model-written summary
Acibenzolar-S-methyl caused the strongest transcriptional changes in both cultivars.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“acibenzolar-S-methyl caused the most intense transcriptional modifications in both cultivars”
t0“Grapevine”
Claim · model-written summary
Acibenzolar-S-methyl strongly downregulated photosynthesis and energy metabolism.
- Treatment
- acibenzolar-S-methyle1
- Outcome
- photosynthesis and energy metabolisme0
- Direction
- down-regulatione0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“These involved a strong down-regulation of photosynthesis and energy metabolism”
e1“acibenzolar-S-methyl caused the most intense transcriptional modifications in both cultivars”
t0“Grapevine”
Claim · model-written summary
Elicitor-associated transcriptional changes altered carbohydrate accumulation and partitioning.
- Outcome
- carbohydrate accumulation and partitioninge0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“changes in carbohydrate accumulation and partitioning”
t0“Grapevine”
Claim · model-written summary
Genotype-associated metabolic signals significantly affected cultivar defense machinery.
Not reportedDirection
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“genotype-associated metabolic signals significantly affected the cultivar defense machinery”
t0“Grapevine”
Claim · model-written summary
Nebbiolo showed enhanced early defenses including epicuticular wax deposition and pathogenesis-related gene overexpression.
- Material
- Nebbioloe0
- Outcome
- epicuticular wax deposition and overexpression of pathogenesis-related genese0
- Direction
- reinforcemente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“reinforcement of early defense mechanisms (e.g., epicuticular wax deposition and overexpression of pathogenesis-related genes in 'Nebbiolo')”
t0“Grapevine”
Claim · model-written summary
Moscato accumulated abscisic acid, jasmonic acid, and viniferin as part of its defense response.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“accumulation of endogenous hormones and antimicrobial compounds (e.g., high content of abscisic acid, jasmonic acid, and viniferin in 'Moscato')”
t0“Grapevine”
The same questions in other papers
acibenzolar-S-methyl · disease · VitisResults differ
6 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
4 papers more in this group
See all 8 papers →acibenzolar-S-methyl · molecular: expression · VitisResults agree
1 paper in the same direction as this paper
- positive
phosphonate · disease · VitisResults agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
laminarin · disease · VitisResults agree
2 papers in the same direction as this paper
- positive
- positive
potassium · disease · VitisPositive and negative results
11 papers in the same direction as this paper · 1 in the opposite direction
- no effect
- positive
- positive
9 papers more in this group
See all 13 papers →Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.