Abstract
Silicon (Si) application enhanced the tolerance of plants against different environmental stresses. Therefore, objective of the study revealed that foliar applied Si alleviates the adverse effect of Cd by enhancing the growth, metabolite accumulation, strengthening the antioxidant defense system, reducing oxidative injury, improving plant nutrient status, and decreasing the Cd uptake in wheat. The surface sterilized seeds of Sahar-2006 (tolerant) and Inqalab-91 (sensitive) having the differential metal tolerance capacity were sown in plastic pots containing normal and Cd spiked sandy loamy soil. The design of experiments was completely randomized with 3 replicates per treatment. Two weeks after germination, plants were sprayed with different concentrations of Si (1.5 and 3 mM) with 0.1% surfactant in the form of Tween-20. The plants were harvested after 2 weeks of Si application to determine various attributes. High concentration of Cd (25 mg kg -1 ) decreased growth-related-attributes, essential nutrient uptake and increase the levels of oxidative stress indicators. The application of Si increased the growth-related attributes, photosynthetic pigments, essential nutrient uptake and also enhanced the activities of various antioxidant compounds (superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD, ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and catalase (CAT) by decreasing the contents of oxidative stress indicators and Cd uptake in root and shoot of both wheat cultivars. Sahar-2006 cultivar showed more tolerance to Cd regimes than that of Inqalab-91 as clear from greater plant dry masses. Thus, our results showed that the applied Si level (3 mM) is an efficient strategy for field use in the areas, where slightly Cd polluted soils limit the agriculture production.
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Claims 8
Claim · model-written summary
High cadmium (25 mg kg -1) decreased growth-related attributes and essential nutrient uptake in wheat.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivume0 - Treatment
- High concentration of Cd (25 mg kg -1 )e1
- Outcome
- growth-related-attributes, essential nutrient uptakee1
- Direction
- decreasede1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“decreasing the Cd uptake in wheat”
e1“High concentration of Cd (25 mg kg -1 ) decreased growth-related-attributes, essential nutrient uptake and increase the levels of oxidative stress indicators”
Claim · model-written summary
High cadmium (25 mg kg -1) increased the levels of oxidative stress indicators in wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- High concentration of Cd (25 mg kg -1 )e1
- Outcome
- oxidative stress indicatorse1
- Direction
- increase the levelse1
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“decreasing the Cd uptake in wheat”
e1“High concentration of Cd (25 mg kg -1 ) decreased growth-related-attributes, essential nutrient uptake and increase the levels of oxidative stress indicators”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon application increased growth-related attributes, photosynthetic pigments and essential nutrient uptake in wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- application of Sie2
- Outcome
- growth-related attributes, photosynthetic pigments, essential nutrient uptakee2
- Direction
- increasede2
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“decreasing the Cd uptake in wheat”
e2“The application of Si increased the growth-related attributes, photosynthetic pigments, essential nutrient uptake”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon application enhanced the activities of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase and ascorbate peroxidase in wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- application of Sie2
- Outcome
- activities of various antioxidant compoundse3
- Direction
- enhancede3
- Qualifier
- superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD, ascorbate peroxidase (APX)e3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“decreasing the Cd uptake in wheat”
e2“The application of Si increased the growth-related attributes, photosynthetic pigments, essential nutrient uptake”
e3“enhanced the activities of various antioxidant compounds (superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD, ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and catalase (CAT)”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon application enhanced catalase (CAT) activity in wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- application of Sie2
- Outcome
- catalase (CAT)e3
- Direction
- enhancede3
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“decreasing the Cd uptake in wheat”
e2“The application of Si increased the growth-related attributes, photosynthetic pigments, essential nutrient uptake”
e3“enhanced the activities of various antioxidant compounds (superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD, ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and catalase (CAT)”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon application decreased oxidative stress indicator contents and Cd uptake in root and shoot of wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Organ / stage
- root and shoote4
- Treatment
- application of Sie2
- Outcome
- contents of oxidative stress indicators and Cd uptakee4
- Direction
- decreasinge4
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“decreasing the Cd uptake in wheat”
e2“The application of Si increased the growth-related attributes, photosynthetic pigments, essential nutrient uptake”
e4“by decreasing the contents of oxidative stress indicators and Cd uptake in root and shoot of both wheat cultivars”
Claim · model-written summary
Cultivar Sahar-2006 had greater plant dry mass than Inqalab-91 under Cd regimes, indicating more Cd tolerance.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Material
- Sahar-2006e5
- Treatment
- Cd regimese5
- Outcome
- plant dry massese5
- Direction
- greatere5
- Comparator
- Inqalab-91e5
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“decreasing the Cd uptake in wheat”
e5“Sahar-2006 cultivar showed more tolerance to Cd regimes than that of Inqalab-91 as clear from greater plant dry masses”
Claim · model-written summary
The authors recommend the applied silicon level of 3 mM as an efficient strategy for field use on slightly Cd-polluted soils.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- applied Si level (3 mM)e6
- Outcome
- efficient strategy for field usee6
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“decreasing the Cd uptake in wheat”
e6“the applied Si level (3 mM) is an efficient strategy for field use”
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