Abstract
A pot experiment was executed to investigate the impact of biochar and compost with water-saving irrigation on the rice yield, water use efficiency, and physicochemical properties of soil. Two irrigation regimes—namely alternate wetting and drying (AWD) and continuous flooding (CF)—and four types of organic amendments (OA)—namely rice husk biochar (RHB), oil palm empty fruit bunch biochar (EFBB), compost and a control—were applied to evaluate their effects. Under the AWD irrigation regime, the maximum grain was produced by RHB (241.12 g), whereas under the same organic amendments, both AWD and CF produced a similar grain yield. Under the same organic amendment, a significantly higher water use efficiency (WUE) was observed from the AWD irrigation with RHB (6.30 g L−1) and EFBB (5.80 g L−1). Within the same irrigation regime, soil pH, cation exchange capacity, total carbon, total nitrogen and available phosphorus were enhanced due to the incorporation of biochar and compost, while higher soil exchangeable potassium was observed under CF irrigation for all treatments. RHB and EFBB significantly reduced the soil bulk density (up to 20.70%) and increased porosity (up to 16.70%) under both irrigation regimes. The results imply that the use of biochar with AWD irrigation could enhance the nutrient uptake and physicochemical properties of soil and allow rice to produce a greater yield with less water consumption.
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Claims 10
Claim · model-written summary
Under AWD irrigation, rice husk biochar gave the maximum rice grain yield (241.12 g) in the pot experiment
- Taxon
- rice
Oryza sativae0 - Treatment
- RHBe1
- Outcome
- graine1
- Direction
- maximume1
- Value
- 241.12 ge1
- Setting
- pot experimente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A pot experiment was executed to investigate the impact of biochar and compost with water-saving irrigation on the rice yield, water use efficiency, and physicochemical properties of soil”
e1“Under the AWD irrigation regime, the maximum grain was produced by RHB (241.12 g)”
Claim · model-written summary
AWD and continuous flooding gave a similar rice grain yield under the same organic amendments
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- AWDe2
- Outcome
- grain yielde2
- Direction
- no_changeinferrede2
- Comparator
- CFe2
- Setting
- pot experimente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A pot experiment was executed to investigate the impact of biochar and compost with water-saving irrigation on the rice yield, water use efficiency, and physicochemical properties of soil”
e2“whereas under the same organic amendments, both AWD and CF produced a similar grain yield”
Claim · model-written summary
AWD irrigation with rice husk biochar gave significantly higher rice water use efficiency (6.30 g L−1)
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- AWD irrigation with RHBe3
- Outcome
- water use efficiency (WUE)e3
- Direction
- highere3
- Value
- 6.30 g L−1e3
- Comparator
- same organic amendmente3
- Setting
- pot experimente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A pot experiment was executed to investigate the impact of biochar and compost with water-saving irrigation on the rice yield, water use efficiency, and physicochemical properties of soil”
e3“Under the same organic amendment, a significantly higher water use efficiency (WUE) was observed from the AWD irrigation with RHB (6.30 g L−1) and EFBB (5.80 g L−1)”
Claim · model-written summary
AWD irrigation with EFBB gave significantly higher rice water use efficiency (5.80 g L−1)
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- EFBBe3
- Outcome
- water use efficiency (WUE)e3
- Direction
- highere3
- Value
- 5.80 g L−1e3
- Comparator
- same organic amendmente3
- Setting
- pot experimente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A pot experiment was executed to investigate the impact of biochar and compost with water-saving irrigation on the rice yield, water use efficiency, and physicochemical properties of soil”
e3“Under the same organic amendment, a significantly higher water use efficiency (WUE) was observed from the AWD irrigation with RHB (6.30 g L−1) and EFBB (5.80 g L−1)”
Claim · model-written summary
Biochar and compost enhanced soil pH, cation exchange capacity and total carbon
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- biochar and composte4
- Outcome
- soil pH, cation exchange capacity, total carbone4
- Direction
- enhancede4
- Setting
- pot experimente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A pot experiment was executed to investigate the impact of biochar and compost with water-saving irrigation on the rice yield, water use efficiency, and physicochemical properties of soil”
e4“Within the same irrigation regime, soil pH, cation exchange capacity, total carbon, total nitrogen and available phosphorus were enhanced due to the incorporation of biochar and compost”
Claim · model-written summary
Biochar and compost enhanced soil total nitrogen and available phosphorus
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- biochar and composte4
- Outcome
- total nitrogen and available phosphoruse4
- Direction
- enhancede4
- Setting
- pot experimente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A pot experiment was executed to investigate the impact of biochar and compost with water-saving irrigation on the rice yield, water use efficiency, and physicochemical properties of soil”
e4“Within the same irrigation regime, soil pH, cation exchange capacity, total carbon, total nitrogen and available phosphorus were enhanced due to the incorporation of biochar and compost”
Claim · model-written summary
Continuous flooding gave higher soil exchangeable potassium than AWD irrigation
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- CF irrigatione5
- Outcome
- soil exchangeable potassiume5
- Direction
- highere5
- Setting
- pot experimente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A pot experiment was executed to investigate the impact of biochar and compost with water-saving irrigation on the rice yield, water use efficiency, and physicochemical properties of soil”
e5“while higher soil exchangeable potassium was observed under CF irrigation for all treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice husk biochar and oil palm empty fruit bunch biochar reduced soil bulk density by up to 20.70%
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- RHB and EFBBe6
- Outcome
- soil bulk densitye6
- Direction
- reducede6
- Value
- up to 20.70%e6
- Setting
- pot experimente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A pot experiment was executed to investigate the impact of biochar and compost with water-saving irrigation on the rice yield, water use efficiency, and physicochemical properties of soil”
e6“RHB and EFBB significantly reduced the soil bulk density (up to 20.70%) and increased porosity (up to 16.70%) under both irrigation regimes”
Claim · model-written summary
Rice husk biochar and oil palm empty fruit bunch biochar increased soil porosity by up to 16.70%
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae0
- Treatment
- RHB and EFBBe6
- Outcome
- porositye6
- Direction
- increasede6
- Value
- up to 16.70%e6
- Setting
- pot experimente0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“A pot experiment was executed to investigate the impact of biochar and compost with water-saving irrigation on the rice yield, water use efficiency, and physicochemical properties of soil”
e6“RHB and EFBB significantly reduced the soil bulk density (up to 20.70%) and increased porosity (up to 16.70%) under both irrigation regimes”
Claim · model-written summary
Biochar with AWD irrigation could enhance nutrient uptake and soil properties and allow rice to yield more with less water
- Taxon
- riceOryza sativae7
- Outcome
- the use of biochar with AWD irrigatione7
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e7“The results imply that the use of biochar with AWD irrigation could enhance the nutrient uptake and physicochemical properties of soil and allow rice to produce a greater yield with less water consumption”
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Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.