Abstract
A b s t r a c t. In order to investigate the effects of salinity and drought stress on the photosynthesis, growth and production responses of safflower, two experiments were performed in Isfahan, Iran using four different levels of saline water, four different levels of irrigation water, and their combinations which were applied at three different growth stages (stem elongation, heading, and flowering) in 2016 and 2017. A split-plot experiment based on complete block design was performed with three replicates. The plant height, leaf area index, relative water content, number of heads per plant, number of seeds per head, 1000-seeds weight, seed yield, oil content, net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate decrease under salinity, drought, and simultaneous stresses. The reduction in seed yield caused by the 10 dS m -1 and 40% of irrigation treatment was higher at the heading stage (92.6%) when compared with the stem elongation (71.04%) and flowering (89.9%) stages. In general, the reduction in seed yield caused by salinity-drought stress was higher at the heading stage as compared with stem elongation and the flowering stages.
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Claims 7
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity, drought, and combined stress reduced safflower plant height, leaf area index, and relative water content.
- Taxon
- safflower
Carthamus tinctoriust0 - Treatment
- salinity, drought, and simultaneous stressese0
- Outcome
- plant height, leaf area index, relative water contente0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The plant height, leaf area index, relative water content, number of heads per plant, number of seeds per head, 1000-seeds weight, seed yield, oil content, net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate decrease under salinity, drought, and simultaneous stresses.”
t0“safflower”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity, drought, and combined stress reduced safflower head number, seed number per head, and thousand-seed weight.
- Taxon
- safflowerCarthamus tinctoriust0
- Treatment
- salinity, drought, and simultaneous stressese0
- Outcome
- number of heads per plant, number of seeds per head, 1000-seeds weighte0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The plant height, leaf area index, relative water content, number of heads per plant, number of seeds per head, 1000-seeds weight, seed yield, oil content, net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate decrease under salinity, drought, and simultaneous stresses.”
t0“safflower”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity, drought, and combined stress reduced safflower seed yield and oil content.
- Taxon
- safflowerCarthamus tinctoriust0
- Treatment
- salinity, drought, and simultaneous stressese0
- Outcome
- seed yield, oil contente0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The plant height, leaf area index, relative water content, number of heads per plant, number of seeds per head, 1000-seeds weight, seed yield, oil content, net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate decrease under salinity, drought, and simultaneous stresses.”
t0“safflower”
Claim · model-written summary
Salinity, drought, and combined stress reduced safflower photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, and transpiration rate.
- Taxon
- safflowerCarthamus tinctoriust0
- Treatment
- salinity, drought, and simultaneous stressese0
- Outcome
- net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and transpiration ratee0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The plant height, leaf area index, relative water content, number of heads per plant, number of seeds per head, 1000-seeds weight, seed yield, oil content, net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and transpiration rate decrease under salinity, drought, and simultaneous stresses.”
t0“safflower”
Claim · model-written summary
The 10 dS m -1 salinity and 40% irrigation treatment reduced safflower seed yield by 92.6% at heading.
- Taxon
- safflowerCarthamus tinctoriust0
- Organ / stage
- heading stagee0
- Treatment
- 10 dS m -1 and 40% of irrigation treatmente0
- Outcome
- seed yielde0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 92.6%e0
- Comparator
- stem elongatione0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The reduction in seed yield caused by the 10 dS m -1 and 40% of irrigation treatment was higher at the heading stage (92.6%) when compared with the stem elongation (71.04%) and flowering (89.9%) stages.”
t0“safflower”
Claim · model-written summary
The same stress treatment reduced safflower seed yield by 71.04% at stem elongation.
- Taxon
- safflowerCarthamus tinctoriust0
- Organ / stage
- stem elongatione0
- Treatment
- 10 dS m -1 and 40% of irrigation treatmente0
- Outcome
- seed yielde0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 71.04%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The reduction in seed yield caused by the 10 dS m -1 and 40% of irrigation treatment was higher at the heading stage (92.6%) when compared with the stem elongation (71.04%) and flowering (89.9%) stages.”
t0“safflower”
Claim · model-written summary
The same stress treatment reduced safflower seed yield by 89.9% at flowering.
- Taxon
- safflowerCarthamus tinctoriust0
- Organ / stage
- floweringe0
- Treatment
- 10 dS m -1 and 40% of irrigation treatmente0
- Outcome
- seed yielde0
- Direction
- reductione0
- Value
- 89.9%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The reduction in seed yield caused by the 10 dS m -1 and 40% of irrigation treatment was higher at the heading stage (92.6%) when compared with the stem elongation (71.04%) and flowering (89.9%) stages.”
t0“safflower”
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See all 6 papers →8 of 9 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.