Abstract
Global climate change is a significant challenge that will significantly lower crop yield and staple grain quality. The present investigation was conducted to assess the effects of the foliar application of either Si (1.5 mM) or Si nanoparticles (1.66 mM) on the yield and grain quality attributes of two wheat genotypes (Triticum aestivum L.), cv. Shandweel 1 and cv. Gemmeiza 9, planted at normal sowing date and late sowing date (heat stress). Si and Si nanoparticles markedly mitigated the observed decline in yield and reduced the heat stress intensity index value at late sowing dates, and improved yield quality via the decreased level of protein, particularly glutenin, as well as the lowered activity of α-amylase in wheat grains, which is considered a step in improving grain quality. Moreover, Si and nanoSi significantly increased the oil absorption capacity (OAC) of the flour of stressed wheat grains. In addition, both silicon and nanosilicon provoked an increase in cellulose, pectin, total phenols, flavonoid, oxalic acid, total antioxidant power, starch and soluble protein contents, as well as Ca and K levels, in heat-stressed wheat straw, concomitant with a decrease in lignin and phytic acid contents. In conclusion, the pronounced positive effects associated with improving yield quantity and quality were observed in stressed Si-treated wheat compared with Si nanoparticle-treated ones, particularly in cv. Gemmeiza 9.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
Si mitigated the decline in wheat yield at late sowing.
- Taxon
- Wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- Sie0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- mitigatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Si and Si nanoparticles markedly mitigated the observed decline in yield”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Si nanoparticles mitigated the decline in wheat yield at late sowing.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Si nanoparticlese0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- mitigatede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Si and Si nanoparticles markedly mitigated the observed decline in yield”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Si and Si nanoparticles reduced the heat stress intensity index at late sowing.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Si and Si nanoparticlese0
- Outcome
- heat stress intensity index valuee0
- Direction
- reducede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Si and Si nanoparticles markedly mitigated the observed decline in yield and reduced the heat stress intensity index value at late sowing dates”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Si and Si nanoparticles decreased grain protein, particularly glutenin.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Si and Si nanoparticlese1
- Outcome
- level of protein, particularly glutenine0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“improved yield quality via the decreased level of protein, particularly glutenin”
t0“Wheat”
e1“Si and Si nanoparticles markedly mitigated”
Claim · model-written summary
Si and Si nanoparticles lowered grain α-amylase activity.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Si and Si nanoparticlese1
- Outcome
- activity of α-amylasee0
- Direction
- lowerede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the lowered activity of α-amylase in wheat grains”
e1“Si and Si nanoparticles markedly mitigated”
Claim · model-written summary
Si significantly increased flour oil absorption capacity in stressed wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- Sie0
- Outcome
- oil absorption capacity (OAC)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Si and nanoSi significantly increased the oil absorption capacity (OAC) of the flour of stressed wheat grains.”
Claim · model-written summary
NanoSi significantly increased flour oil absorption capacity in stressed wheat.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- nanoSie0
- Outcome
- oil absorption capacity (OAC)e0
- Direction
- increasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Si and nanoSi significantly increased the oil absorption capacity (OAC) of the flour of stressed wheat grains.”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon increased cellulose, pectin and total phenols in heat-stressed wheat straw.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- silicone0
- Outcome
- cellulose, pectin, total phenolse0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“both silicon and nanosilicon provoked an increase in cellulose, pectin, total phenols, flavonoid, oxalic acid, total antioxidant power, starch and soluble protein contents, as well as Ca and K levels, in heat-stressed wheat straw”
Claim · model-written summary
Nanosilicon increased flavonoid, oxalic acid and antioxidant power in heat-stressed wheat straw.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Treatment
- nanosilicone0
- Outcome
- flavonoid, oxalic acid, total antioxidant powere0
- Direction
- increasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“both silicon and nanosilicon provoked an increase in cellulose, pectin, total phenols, flavonoid, oxalic acid, total antioxidant power, starch and soluble protein contents, as well as Ca and K levels, in heat-stressed wheat straw”
Claim · model-written summary
Silicon and nanosilicon decreased lignin and phytic acid contents in wheat straw.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- silicon and nanosilicone1
- Outcome
- lignin and phytic acid contentse0
- Direction
- decreasee0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“concomitant with a decrease in lignin and phytic acid contents.”
t0“Wheat”
e1“both silicon and nanosilicon provoked an increase”
Claim · model-written summary
Stressed Si-treated wheat had better yield quantity and quality than nanoparticle-treated wheat, especially Gemmeiza 9.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivume0
- Material
- cv. Gemmeiza 9e0
- Treatment
- Si-treatede0
- Outcome
- yield quantity and qualitye0
- Direction
- improvinge0
- Comparator
- Si nanoparticle-treatede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“improving yield quantity and quality were observed in stressed Si-treated wheat compared with Si nanoparticle-treated ones, particularly in cv. Gemmeiza 9.”
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