Abstract
The current research was carried out to evaluate the impact of treating wheat (Triticum aestivum c.v Sakha 93) seeds and irrigation water magnetically in combination with different sources and rates of nitrogen on wheat productivity and grain quality under saline soil conditions. Two field experiments were carried out during the winter seasons 2018–2019 and 2019–2020 in a split split randomized complete block design with four replicates at El-Rabaa village, Bir Al-Abd, North Sinai Governorate, Egypt. Main plots were assigned to N-sources, urea, and compost; sub-plots were N-rates 0, 119, 179, and 238 Mg N ha−1, while magnetic treatment of irrigation water and wheat grains was in sub-subplots. The highest chlorophyll and carbohydrate contents (3.12 mg g−1 f.w. and 783 g kg−1, respectively) were observed due to compost, N4+ (MS + MW) treatment representing an increasing percentage of 189% and 220%, respectively. The maximum plant height, spike length, No. spike plant−1, and spike weight values were 82.0 cm, 15.1 cm, 13.9, and 24.9 g plant−1. The results were due to the addition of compost at a rate of 238 kg N ha−1 in combination with magnetized seeds and water treatment with 224, 643, 546, and 845% over the untreated treatment. The maximum straw and grain yields (11.7 and 7.29 Mg ha−1, respectively) were achieved due to the application of compost at a rate of N3 + (MS + MW), and the corresponding increments over the non-treatment plants were 718 and 846%, respectively. However, treatment of compost (179 Mg N ha−1 + magnetized seeds and water) resulted in the maximum increases in the No. grains spike−1, grains weight, 1000-grains weight, protein content, N, P, K, Fe, Mn, and Zn-uptake by grains. Soil pH and EC values were decreased, especially for plants treated with compost (238 kg N ha−1 + magnetized seeds and water treatment).
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Claims 13
Claim · model-written summary
Compost with N4 and magnetized seeds and water produced the highest chlorophyll content, 3.12 mg g−1 f.w., a 189% increase.
- Taxon
- Wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Treatment
- compost, N4+ (MS + MW)e0
- Outcome
- chlorophylle0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 3.12 mg g−1 f.w.e0
- Qualifier
- 189%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest chlorophyll and carbohydrate contents (3.12 mg g−1 f.w. and 783 g kg−1, respectively) were observed due to compost, N4+ (MS + MW) treatment representing an increasing percentage of 189% and 220%, respectively.”
t0“Wheat (Triticum aestivium L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The same treatment produced the highest carbohydrate content, 783 g kg−1, a 220% increase.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- compost, N4+ (MS + MW)e0
- Outcome
- carbohydrate contentse0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 783 g kg−1e0
- Qualifier
- 220%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The highest chlorophyll and carbohydrate contents (3.12 mg g−1 f.w. and 783 g kg−1, respectively) were observed due to compost, N4+ (MS + MW) treatment representing an increasing percentage of 189% and 220%, respectively.”
t0“Wheat (Triticum aestivium L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Compost at 238 kg N ha−1 with magnetized seed and water produced a maximum plant height of 82.0 cm, 224% over untreated plants.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- compost at a rate of 238 kg N ha−1 in combination with magnetized seeds and water treatmente0
- Outcome
- plant heighte0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 82.0 cme0
- Qualifier
- 224e0
- Comparator
- untreated treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The maximum plant height, spike length, No. spike plant−1, and spike weight values were 82.0 cm, 15.1 cm, 13.9, and 24.9 g plant−1. The results were due to the addition of compost at a rate of 238 kg N ha−1 in combination with magnetized seeds and water treatment with 224, 643, 546, and 845% over the untreated treatment.”
t0“Wheat (Triticum aestivium L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The same treatment produced a maximum spike length of 15.1 cm, 643% over untreated plants.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- compost at a rate of 238 kg N ha−1 in combination with magnetized seeds and water treatmente0
- Outcome
- spike lengthe0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 15.1 cme0
- Qualifier
- 643e0
- Comparator
- untreated treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The maximum plant height, spike length, No. spike plant−1, and spike weight values were 82.0 cm, 15.1 cm, 13.9, and 24.9 g plant−1. The results were due to the addition of compost at a rate of 238 kg N ha−1 in combination with magnetized seeds and water treatment with 224, 643, 546, and 845% over the untreated treatment.”
t0“Wheat (Triticum aestivium L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The same treatment produced a maximum of 13.9 spikes per plant, 546% over untreated plants.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- compost at a rate of 238 kg N ha−1 in combination with magnetized seeds and water treatmente0
- Outcome
- No. spike plant−1e0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 13.9e0
- Qualifier
- 546e0
- Comparator
- untreated treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The maximum plant height, spike length, No. spike plant−1, and spike weight values were 82.0 cm, 15.1 cm, 13.9, and 24.9 g plant−1. The results were due to the addition of compost at a rate of 238 kg N ha−1 in combination with magnetized seeds and water treatment with 224, 643, 546, and 845% over the untreated treatment.”
t0“Wheat (Triticum aestivium L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The same treatment produced maximum spike weight of 24.9 g plant−1, 845% over untreated plants.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- compost at a rate of 238 kg N ha−1 in combination with magnetized seeds and water treatmente0
- Outcome
- spike weighte0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 24.9 g plant−1e0
- Qualifier
- 845%e0
- Comparator
- untreated treatmente0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The maximum plant height, spike length, No. spike plant−1, and spike weight values were 82.0 cm, 15.1 cm, 13.9, and 24.9 g plant−1. The results were due to the addition of compost at a rate of 238 kg N ha−1 in combination with magnetized seeds and water treatment with 224, 643, 546, and 845% over the untreated treatment.”
t0“Wheat (Triticum aestivium L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Compost N3 with magnetized seeds and water produced maximum straw yield of 11.7 Mg ha−1, 718% over untreated plants.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- compost at a rate of N3 + (MS + MW)e0
- Outcome
- strawe0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 11.7e0
- Qualifier
- 718e0
- Comparator
- non-treatment plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The maximum straw and grain yields (11.7 and 7.29 Mg ha−1, respectively) were achieved due to the application of compost at a rate of N3 + (MS + MW), and the corresponding increments over the non-treatment plants were 718 and 846%, respectively.”
t0“Wheat (Triticum aestivium L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Compost N3 with magnetized seeds and water produced maximum grain yield of 7.29 Mg ha−1, 846% over untreated plants.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- compost at a rate of N3 + (MS + MW)e0
- Outcome
- grain yieldse0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 7.29 Mg ha−1e0
- Qualifier
- 846%e0
- Comparator
- non-treatment plantse0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“The maximum straw and grain yields (11.7 and 7.29 Mg ha−1, respectively) were achieved due to the application of compost at a rate of N3 + (MS + MW), and the corresponding increments over the non-treatment plants were 718 and 846%, respectively.”
t0“Wheat (Triticum aestivium L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Compost at 179 Mg N ha−1 with magnetized seeds and water maximized grain number, grain weight, and thousand-grain weight.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- compost (179 Mg N ha−1 + magnetized seeds and water)e0
- Outcome
- No. grains spike−1, grains weight, 1000-grains weighte0
- Direction
- maximum increasese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“treatment of compost (179 Mg N ha−1 + magnetized seeds and water) resulted in the maximum increases in the No. grains spike−1, grains weight, 1000-grains weight, protein content, N, P, K, Fe, Mn, and Zn-uptake by grains.”
t0“Wheat (Triticum aestivium L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The same compost and magnetic treatment maximized grain protein content.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- compost (179 Mg N ha−1 + magnetized seeds and water)e0
- Outcome
- protein contente0
- Direction
- maximum increasese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“treatment of compost (179 Mg N ha−1 + magnetized seeds and water) resulted in the maximum increases in the No. grains spike−1, grains weight, 1000-grains weight, protein content, N, P, K, Fe, Mn, and Zn-uptake by grains.”
t0“Wheat (Triticum aestivium L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The same treatment maximized grain uptake of N, P, and K.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- compost (179 Mg N ha−1 + magnetized seeds and water)e0
- Outcome
- N, P, Ke0
- Direction
- maximum increasese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“treatment of compost (179 Mg N ha−1 + magnetized seeds and water) resulted in the maximum increases in the No. grains spike−1, grains weight, 1000-grains weight, protein content, N, P, K, Fe, Mn, and Zn-uptake by grains.”
t0“Wheat (Triticum aestivium L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
The same treatment maximized grain uptake of Fe, Mn, and Zn.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- compost (179 Mg N ha−1 + magnetized seeds and water)e0
- Outcome
- Fe, Mn, and Zn-uptake by grainse0
- Direction
- maximum increasese0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“treatment of compost (179 Mg N ha−1 + magnetized seeds and water) resulted in the maximum increases in the No. grains spike−1, grains weight, 1000-grains weight, protein content, N, P, K, Fe, Mn, and Zn-uptake by grains.”
t0“Wheat (Triticum aestivium L.)”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil pH and EC decreased, especially under compost at 238 kg N ha−1 with magnetized seeds and water.
- Taxon
- WheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- compost (238 kg N ha−1 + magnetized seeds and water treatment)e0
- Outcome
- Soil pH and EC valuese0
- Direction
- decreasede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Soil pH and EC values were decreased, especially for plants treated with compost (238 kg N ha−1 + magnetized seeds and water treatment).”
t0“Wheat (Triticum aestivium L.)”
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See all 755 papers →8 of 12 groups shown: named compounds and organisms first, then groups whose results differ (checked claim by claim), then those with positive and negative results, then the smaller groups.
Claims are grouped by organism, treatment and what was measured or targeted. A paper counts as positive when any of its claims in the group is positive.