Abstract
The growth and productivity of wheat crops depend on the availability of essential nutrients such as zinc (Zn) and potassium (K2O), which play critical roles in the plant’s physiological and biochemical processes. This study aimed to investigate the synergizing effect of zinc and potassium fertilizers on uptake of both the nutrients, growth, yield, and quality of the Hashim-08 cultivar and local landrace, during the 2019–2020 growing season in Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan. The experiment was designed using a split plot pattern in a randomized complete pattern, with main plots for the wheat cultivars and subplots for the fertilizer treatments. Results indicated that both cultivars responded positively to the fertilizer treatments, with the local landrace exhibiting maximum plant height and biological yield, and improved Hashim-08, showing increased agronomic parameters, including the number of tillers and grains and spike length. Application of Zn and K2O fertilizers significantly enhanced agronomic parameters, such as the number of grains per plant, spike length, thousand-grain weight, grain yield, harvest index, Zn uptake of grain, dry gluten content, and grain moisture content, while crude protein and grain potassium remained relatively unchanged. The soil’s Zn and K content dynamics were found to vary among treatments. In conclusion, the combined application of Zn and K2O fertilizers proved beneficial in improving the growth, yield, and quality of wheat crops, with the local landrace exhibiting lower grain yield but greater Zn uptake through fertilizer application. The study’s findings highlight that the local landrace showed good response to the growth and qualitative parameter when compared with the Hashim-08 cultivar. Additionally, the combined application of Zn and K showed a positive relation in terms of nutrient uptake and soil Zn and K content.
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Claims 11
Claim · model-written summary
The local landrace had maximum plant height.
- Taxon
- wheat
Triticum aestivumt0 - Material
- local landracee0
- Outcome
- plant heighte0
- Direction
- maximume0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the local landrace exhibiting maximum plant height and biological yield”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The local landrace had maximum biological yield.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- local landracee0
- Outcome
- biological yielde0
- Direction
- maximume0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“the local landrace exhibiting maximum plant height and biological yield”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Hashim-08 showed increases in tiller and grain number and spike length.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- Hashim-08e0
- Outcome
- number of tillers and grains and spike lengthe0
- Direction
- increasede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“improved Hashim-08, showing increased agronomic parameters, including the number of tillers and grains and spike length”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Zn and K2O fertilizers significantly increased grain number, spike length, thousand-grain weight, grain yield and harvest index.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Zn and K2O fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- number of grains per plant, spike length, thousand-grain weight, grain yield, harvest indexe0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of Zn and K2O fertilizers significantly enhanced agronomic parameters, such as the number of grains per plant, spike length, thousand-grain weight, grain yield, harvest index”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Zn and K2O fertilizers significantly increased grain zinc uptake, dry gluten and grain moisture.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- Zn and K2O fertilizerse0
- Outcome
- Zn uptake of grain, dry gluten content, and grain moisture contente0
- Direction
- enhancede0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Application of Zn and K2O fertilizers significantly enhanced agronomic parameters, such as the number of grains per plant, spike length, thousand-grain weight, grain yield, harvest index, Zn uptake of grain, dry gluten content, and grain moisture content”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Crude protein and grain potassium remained relatively unchanged.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Outcome
- crude protein and grain potassiume0
- Direction
- relatively unchangede0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“crude protein and grain potassium remained relatively unchanged”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Soil zinc and potassium content varied among fertilizer treatments.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“The soil’s Zn and K content dynamics were found to vary among treatments”
Claim · model-written summary
The local landrace had lower grain yield than Hashim-08.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- local landracee0
- Outcome
- grain yielde0
- Direction
- lowere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“local landrace exhibiting lower grain yield but greater Zn uptake through fertilizer application”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
The local landrace had greater zinc uptake with fertilizer application.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Material
- local landracee0
- Treatment
- fertilizer applicatione0
- Outcome
- Zn uptakee0
- Direction
- greatere0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“local landrace exhibiting lower grain yield but greater Zn uptake through fertilizer application”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined Zn and K application related positively to nutrient uptake.
- Taxon
- wheatTriticum aestivumt0
- Treatment
- combined application of Zn and Ke0
- Outcome
- nutrient uptakee0
- Direction
- positivee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“combined application of Zn and K showed a positive relation in terms of nutrient uptake and soil Zn and K content”
t0“Wheat”
Claim · model-written summary
Combined Zn and K application related positively to soil Zn and K content.
Not reportedTaxon
Verbatim
e0“combined application of Zn and K showed a positive relation in terms of nutrient uptake and soil Zn and K content”
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