Abstract
This study, conducted within the Experimental Block of the Division of Fruit Science at SKUAST-K, Shalimar, India, was aimed to thin 5-year-old Fuji Zehn Aztec apple plants. The research was carried out during the years 2020 and 2021and implemented a Randomized Complete Block Design with 11 treatments, including control and various other thinning methods. Chemical and hand thinning were practised at the 12 mm king fruitlet diameter stage. Among the treatments, T9 (NAA+BA@15+140ppm) demonstrated significant results, with the highest trunk girth increment (0.41 cm), annual shoot extension growth (65.46 cm), leaf area (34.71 cm2), fruit drop (39.26%), and the least reduction in return bloom (52.22%). Additionally, T9 resulted in maximum fruit length (79.98 mm), fruit diameter (89.00 mm), fruit weight (224.90 g), fruit volume (197.86 cm3), Soluble Solid concentration (15.87%), SSC : acidity (40.08), total sugar content (11.07%), anthocyanin content (7.14 mg/100g), ascorbic acid content (6.94 mg/100g), and received the highest organoleptic rating score (4.87). However, the highest yield (21.97 kg/tree), yield efficiency (1.50 kg/cm2), fruit firmness (8.36 kg/cm2), hue angle (68.57°), and acidity (0.59%) were recorded in the control group. Notably, T1 (Hand thinning @ 2 fruitlets retained per cluster) achieved the highest fruit retention (97.97%) and the maximum leaf-to-fruit ratio (27.50). These findings shed light on the potential benefits and trade-offs associated with different fruitlet thinning methods in high-density apple plantations. Understanding these effects can aid orchard management practices to optimize both production and fruit quality.
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Claims 20
Claim · model-written summary
T9 had highest trunk girth increment, 0.41 cm.
- Taxon
- Apple
Malus domesticat0 - Treatment
- T9 (NAA+BA@15+140ppm)e0
- Outcome
- trunk girth incremente0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 0.41 cme0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“T9 (NAA+BA@15+140ppm) demonstrated significant results, with the highest trunk girth increment (0.41 cm), annual shoot extension growth (65.46 cm), leaf area (34.71 cm2), fruit drop (39.26%), and the least reduction in return bloom (52.22%).”
t0“Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
T9 had highest annual shoot extension growth, 65.46 cm.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- T9 (NAA+BA@15+140ppm)e0
- Outcome
- annual shoot extension growthe0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 65.46 cme0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“T9 (NAA+BA@15+140ppm) demonstrated significant results, with the highest trunk girth increment (0.41 cm), annual shoot extension growth (65.46 cm), leaf area (34.71 cm2), fruit drop (39.26%), and the least reduction in return bloom (52.22%).”
t0“Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
T9 had highest leaf area, 34.71 cm2.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- T9 (NAA+BA@15+140ppm)e0
- Outcome
- leaf areae0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 34.71 cm2e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“T9 (NAA+BA@15+140ppm) demonstrated significant results, with the highest trunk girth increment (0.41 cm), annual shoot extension growth (65.46 cm), leaf area (34.71 cm2), fruit drop (39.26%), and the least reduction in return bloom (52.22%).”
t0“Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
T9 had highest fruit drop, 39.26%.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- T9 (NAA+BA@15+140ppm)e0
- Outcome
- fruit drope0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 39.26%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“T9 (NAA+BA@15+140ppm) demonstrated significant results, with the highest trunk girth increment (0.41 cm), annual shoot extension growth (65.46 cm), leaf area (34.71 cm2), fruit drop (39.26%), and the least reduction in return bloom (52.22%).”
t0“Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
T9 had least reduction in return bloom, 52.22%.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- T9 (NAA+BA@15+140ppm)e0
- Outcome
- return bloome0
- Direction
- least reductione0
- Value
- 52.22%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“T9 (NAA+BA@15+140ppm) demonstrated significant results, with the highest trunk girth increment (0.41 cm), annual shoot extension growth (65.46 cm), leaf area (34.71 cm2), fruit drop (39.26%), and the least reduction in return bloom (52.22%).”
t0“Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
T9 gave maximum fruit length, 79.98 mm.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Additionally, T9 resulted in maximum fruit length (79.98 mm), fruit diameter (89.00 mm), fruit weight (224.90 g), fruit volume (197.86 cm3), Soluble Solid concentration (15.87%), SSC : acidity (40.08), total sugar content (11.07%), anthocyanin content (7.14 mg/100g), ascorbic acid content (6.94 mg/100g), and received the highest organoleptic rating score (4.87).”
t0“Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
T9 gave maximum fruit diameter, 89.00 mm.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Additionally, T9 resulted in maximum fruit length (79.98 mm), fruit diameter (89.00 mm), fruit weight (224.90 g), fruit volume (197.86 cm3), Soluble Solid concentration (15.87%), SSC : acidity (40.08), total sugar content (11.07%), anthocyanin content (7.14 mg/100g), ascorbic acid content (6.94 mg/100g), and received the highest organoleptic rating score (4.87).”
t0“Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
T9 gave maximum fruit weight, 224.90 g.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Additionally, T9 resulted in maximum fruit length (79.98 mm), fruit diameter (89.00 mm), fruit weight (224.90 g), fruit volume (197.86 cm3), Soluble Solid concentration (15.87%), SSC : acidity (40.08), total sugar content (11.07%), anthocyanin content (7.14 mg/100g), ascorbic acid content (6.94 mg/100g), and received the highest organoleptic rating score (4.87).”
t0“Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
T9 gave maximum fruit volume, 197.86 cm3.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Additionally, T9 resulted in maximum fruit length (79.98 mm), fruit diameter (89.00 mm), fruit weight (224.90 g), fruit volume (197.86 cm3), Soluble Solid concentration (15.87%), SSC : acidity (40.08), total sugar content (11.07%), anthocyanin content (7.14 mg/100g), ascorbic acid content (6.94 mg/100g), and received the highest organoleptic rating score (4.87).”
t0“Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
T9 gave maximum Soluble Solid concentration, 15.87%.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- T9e0
- Outcome
- Soluble Solid concentratione0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 15.87%e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Additionally, T9 resulted in maximum fruit length (79.98 mm), fruit diameter (89.00 mm), fruit weight (224.90 g), fruit volume (197.86 cm3), Soluble Solid concentration (15.87%), SSC : acidity (40.08), total sugar content (11.07%), anthocyanin content (7.14 mg/100g), ascorbic acid content (6.94 mg/100g), and received the highest organoleptic rating score (4.87).”
t0“Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
T9 gave maximum SSC : acidity, 40.08.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Additionally, T9 resulted in maximum fruit length (79.98 mm), fruit diameter (89.00 mm), fruit weight (224.90 g), fruit volume (197.86 cm3), Soluble Solid concentration (15.87%), SSC : acidity (40.08), total sugar content (11.07%), anthocyanin content (7.14 mg/100g), ascorbic acid content (6.94 mg/100g), and received the highest organoleptic rating score (4.87).”
t0“Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
T9 gave maximum total sugar content, 11.07%.
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Additionally, T9 resulted in maximum fruit length (79.98 mm), fruit diameter (89.00 mm), fruit weight (224.90 g), fruit volume (197.86 cm3), Soluble Solid concentration (15.87%), SSC : acidity (40.08), total sugar content (11.07%), anthocyanin content (7.14 mg/100g), ascorbic acid content (6.94 mg/100g), and received the highest organoleptic rating score (4.87).”
t0“Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
T9 gave maximum anthocyanin content, 7.14 mg/100g.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- T9e0
- Outcome
- anthocyanin contente0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 7.14 mg/100ge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Additionally, T9 resulted in maximum fruit length (79.98 mm), fruit diameter (89.00 mm), fruit weight (224.90 g), fruit volume (197.86 cm3), Soluble Solid concentration (15.87%), SSC : acidity (40.08), total sugar content (11.07%), anthocyanin content (7.14 mg/100g), ascorbic acid content (6.94 mg/100g), and received the highest organoleptic rating score (4.87).”
t0“Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
T9 gave maximum ascorbic acid content, 6.94 mg/100g.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- T9e0
- Outcome
- ascorbic acid contente0
- Direction
- maximume0
- Value
- 6.94 mg/100ge0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Additionally, T9 resulted in maximum fruit length (79.98 mm), fruit diameter (89.00 mm), fruit weight (224.90 g), fruit volume (197.86 cm3), Soluble Solid concentration (15.87%), SSC : acidity (40.08), total sugar content (11.07%), anthocyanin content (7.14 mg/100g), ascorbic acid content (6.94 mg/100g), and received the highest organoleptic rating score (4.87).”
t0“Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
T9 gave maximum organoleptic rating score, 4.87.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- T9e0
- Outcome
- organoleptic rating scoree0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 4.87e0
Not reportedComparator
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“Additionally, T9 resulted in maximum fruit length (79.98 mm), fruit diameter (89.00 mm), fruit weight (224.90 g), fruit volume (197.86 cm3), Soluble Solid concentration (15.87%), SSC : acidity (40.08), total sugar content (11.07%), anthocyanin content (7.14 mg/100g), ascorbic acid content (6.94 mg/100g), and received the highest organoleptic rating score (4.87).”
t0“Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
Control had highest yield, 21.97 kg/tree.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- control groupe0
- Outcome
- yielde0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 21.97 kg/treee0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“However, the highest yield (21.97 kg/tree), yield efficiency (1.50 kg/cm2), fruit firmness (8.36 kg/cm2), hue angle (68.57°), and acidity (0.59%) were recorded in the control group.”
t0“Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
Control had highest yield efficiency, 1.50 kg/cm2.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- control groupe0
- Outcome
- yield efficiencye0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 1.50 kg/cm2e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“However, the highest yield (21.97 kg/tree), yield efficiency (1.50 kg/cm2), fruit firmness (8.36 kg/cm2), hue angle (68.57°), and acidity (0.59%) were recorded in the control group.”
t0“Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
Control had highest fruit firmness, 8.36 kg/cm2.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- control groupe0
- Outcome
- fruit firmnesse0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 8.36 kg/cm2e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“However, the highest yield (21.97 kg/tree), yield efficiency (1.50 kg/cm2), fruit firmness (8.36 kg/cm2), hue angle (68.57°), and acidity (0.59%) were recorded in the control group.”
t0“Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
Control had highest hue angle, 68.57°.
- Taxon
- AppleMalus domesticat0
- Treatment
- control groupe0
- Outcome
- hue anglee0
- Direction
- higheste0
- Value
- 68.57°e0
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“However, the highest yield (21.97 kg/tree), yield efficiency (1.50 kg/cm2), fruit firmness (8.36 kg/cm2), hue angle (68.57°), and acidity (0.59%) were recorded in the control group.”
t0“Apple”
Claim · model-written summary
Control had highest acidity, 0.59%.
Organisms pictured · Representative pictures of the matched species, not figures from the paper.
Verbatim
e0“However, the highest yield (21.97 kg/tree), yield efficiency (1.50 kg/cm2), fruit firmness (8.36 kg/cm2), hue angle (68.57°), and acidity (0.59%) were recorded in the control group.”
t0“Apple”
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